题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
This study examined whether self-reported pain is indeed higher when the events producing the pain are understood as intentionally caused by another person．For the study, the researchers told 40 volunteers that they were going to do a series of tasks, including color matching, number counting and discomfort assessment．This last task involved their receiving a brief electric shock to the wrist．They were told that a partner, sitting in another room, would choose which task they would do, and a computer screen helped them to know their partner’s choice．
In some cases, the volunteers were told their partner had chosen the pain tolerance test．In others, they were told the computers would select the pain tolerance test regardless of their partner’s choice．When volunteers thought that their partners were making the shocks on them on purpose, the feeling made the pain worse．As a matter of fact, they were the same．
This study provides evidence that the experience of pain changes depending upon how they think when people have been harmed．Specifically, the meaning of a harm — whether it was intended — influences the amount of pain it causes．So, although a broken toe may hurt, an intentionally broken toe should hurt more．
小题1:It can be concluded from the text that _______．
A．the feeling of pain varies from one person to another  |
| B．long-lasting pain damages people’s health |
| C．pain is greater if harm seems to be intentionally done |
| D．people suffer more from accidental pain |
| A．People can reduce pain by relaxing． |
| B．Researchers study how pain is caused． |
| C．Everyone should know the effect of pain． |
| D．People should think more about pain． |
| A．Volunteers． | B．Computers． |
| C．Shocks． | D．Pains． |
| A．Indifferent． | B．Sceptical． |
| C．Disapproving． | D．Approving． |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
小题1:依据第一段第二句，若知道对方故意，感觉更痛苦。
小题2:依据行文内容，人们可以采用多种方式放松，减轻痛苦。
小题3:依据行文逻辑的连贯性，可以推测这里代词指代shocks。
小题4:综合全文信息可以推断，作者对于该研究持赞成态度。
核心考点
试题【When someone steps on your toe by accident, you will hurt plenty．But it hurts ev】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Things started to 39 for me. Again I had a home, and plenty of food, and I started to 40 myself out of debt. One day we saw a homeless person with the 41 , “Will work for food.” I 42 . My daughter commented, “Mommy, you 43 to give to those people in 44 .’’ I replied, “Honey, they just use that money for alcohol or other 45 things.” She didn’t respond. But when I said that, it didn’t feel right.
Three days later, I was driving to 46 up my daughter from school. A man was standing on the corner, and something deep 47 me said, “Just help him.” 48 I rolled down my window, and he ran over with enthusiasm, saying “God bless you, I only need 77 cents.” I 49 into my ashtray and strangely enough, there sat three quarters and two pennies.
I scooped（抓起）it up and gave it to him. He 50 with joy and tears in his 51 , “Wow, you just made it 52 for me to see my mom for Christmas! Thank you; the bus that had this great sale is 53 in 20 minutes!” It was a moment I’ll never forget. I think that man won’t forget it either, 54 I was the one who got the best 55 in life -- GIVING.
36. A. pleased B. sorry C. nervous D. notable
37. A. stopped B. refused C. considered D. continued
38 A. bitter B. disappointed C. satisfied D. happy
39. A. reform B. decline C. end D. change
40. A. pull B. drive C. persuade D. concern
41. A. gesture B. symbol C. sign D. sentence
42. A. passed by B. gave in C. stood up D. held on
43. A. expected B. attempted C. promised D. used
44. A. shock B. happiness C. comfort D. need
45. A. dim B. bad C. exciting D. anxious
46. A. pick B. look C. ring D. beat
47. A. beside B. inside C. behind D. above
48. A. So B. Otherwise C. However D. Moreover
49. A. climbed B. jumped C. saw D. reached
50. A. turned around B. broke down C. burst out D. spoke up
51. A. eyes B. face C. nose D. mouth
52. A. necessary B. possible C. important D. nice
53. A. taking B. operating C. leaving D. driving
54. A. but B. or C. and D. nor
55. A. award B. message C. gift D. lesson
The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath an old willow tree. Not 36__ with life, I was down. A young boy out of breath 37 me, all tired from play. He stood right before me with his head tilted（倾斜的） down, 38 with great excitement, “Look what I found!”
In his hand was a flower, and what a 39 sight, with its petals（花瓣） all worn－not enough rain, or too little light. 40 him to take his dead flower and go off to play, I 41 a small smile and then shifted away. But instead of 42 he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his nose and declared with 43 , “It sure smells pretty and it’s beautiful, too. That’s why I 44 it; here, it’s for you.”
The flower before me was dying or dead. But I knew I 45 take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower, and 46 , “Just what I need.” But instead of placing the flower in my hand, he 47 it mid－air without reason. It was then that I 48 for the very first time the boy was 49 .
I heard my voice shake, tears shone like the sun 50 I thanked him for picking the very best one. He smiled, and then ran off to play, 51 of the effect he’d had on my day.
I sat there and 52 how he managed to see a self-pitying woman beneath an old willow tree. How did he know of my self-indulged(放纵的) 53 ? Perhaps from his heart, he"d been blessed with true 54 .
55 the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the world; the problem was me. And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed to see beauty, and appreciate every second that"s mine.
36．A．excited B．inspired C．content D．disappointed
37．A．approached B．overlooked C．understood D．recognized
38．A．telling B．saying C．informing D．talking
39．A．unique B．rough C．bothering D．pitiful
40．A．Wanting B．Demanding C．Persuading D．Inviting
41．A．presented B．adjusted C．forced D．delivered
42．A．declining B．accepting C．panicking D．quitting
43．A．surprise B．embarrassment C．sympathy D．sorrow
44．A．took B．pulled C．attained D．picked
45．A．should B．can C．may D．must
46．A．announced B．replied C．declared D．whispered
47．A．grasped B．held C．caught D．seized
48．A．observed B．confirmed C．noticed D．concluded
49．A．strange B．blind C．deaf D．unimaginable
50．A．once B．after C．as D．since
51．A．unaware B．unbelievable C．regretful D．regardless
52．A. doubted B. felt C. found D. wondered
53. A. embarrassment B. depression C. hopelessness D. effort
54. A. sense B. hearing C. sight D. ability
55．A．In B．From C．Before D．Through
My mother asked me whether there was someone for whom I had done a(n) 6 kindness who might be showing 7 . Perhaps the neighbor I helped when she was 8 a car full of groceries. Or maybe it was the old man 9 the street whose mail I helped to get during the 10 so he wouldn’t have to venture down his icy step. As a teenager, 11 , I had more fun guessing that it might be a 12 who had noticed me 13 I didn’t know him.
One month before my high school graduation, my father died of a heart attack. He was 14 some of the most important events in my life. I became completely 15 in my upcoming graduation and the dance. When my father died, I 16 the dance and the dress for it. The day before the dance, I found a dress on the sofa. I didn’t 17 if I had a new dress or not, but my mother did.
She wanted her children to feel 18 and lovable, imaginative, believing that there was a 19 in the world and beauty in the face of hard times. Actually mother wanted her children to see themselves much like the gardenia-lovely, 20 and perfect. The gardenia stopped coming when my mother died.
1. A. Calls B. Quarrels C. Messages D. Letters
2. A. service B. deal C. bargain D. offer
3. A .recognize B. imagine C. wonder D. discover
4. A. failed B. stopped C. succeeded D. enjoyed
5. A. saddest B. painful C. happiest D. loneliest
6. A. special B. common C. valuable D. important
7. A. concern B. attitude C. interest D. appreciation
8. A. repairing B. washing C. unloading D. starting
9. A. across B. through C. from D. onto
10.A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
11. A. though B. anyway C. therefore D. indeed
12. A. friend B. superman C. teacher D. boy
13. A .as if B. even though C. in case D. so that
14. A. considering B. expecting C. missing D. preparing
15. A. disappointed B. uninterested C. discouraged D. concentrated
16.A. forgot B. lost C. hated D. expected
17. A. wonder B. believe C. care D. know
18. A. contented B. respected C. thanked D. loved
19. A. trouble B. magic C. tragedy D. comedy
20. A. strong B. beautiful C. smelly D. lucky
A letter to Edward, a columnist（报刊专栏作家）
Dear Mr Expert:
I grew up in an unhappy and abusive home. I always promised myself that I’d get out as soon as possible. Now, at age 20, I have a good job and a nice house, and I’m really proud of the independence I’ve achieved.
Here’s the problem: several of my friends who still live with their parents wish they had places like mine — so much so that they make mine theirs.
It started out with a couple of them spending the weekends with me. But now they seem to take it for granted that they can show up any time they like. They bring boyfriends over, talk on the phone and stay out forever.
I enjoy having my friends here sometimes — it makes the place feel comfortable and warm— but this is my home, not a party house. I was old enough to move out on my own, so why can’t I seem to ask my friends to respect my privacy（隐私）?
Joan
Edward’s reply to Joan
Dear Joan:
If your family didn’t pay attention to your needs when you were a child, you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now.
And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere（气氛）,you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with— or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy. You need to understand that in true friendship it’s okay to put your own needs first from time to time.
Be clear about the message you want to send. For example, “I really love your company but I also need some privacy. So please call before you come over.”
63. We can learn from the first letter that Joan Edward .
A. lives away from her parents
B. takes pride in her friends
C. knows Mr Expert quite well
D. hates her parents very much
64. We can infer from the first letter that .
A. Joan considers her friends more important than her privacy
B. Joan’s friends visit her more often than she can accept
C. Joan doesn’t like the parties at all
D. Joan dislikes the boyfriends her friends bring over
65. According to Mr Expert, why can’t Joan tell her friends her feelings?
A. She is afraid of hurting her friends.
B. She does not understand true friendship.
C. Her family experience stops her from doing so.
D. She does not put her needs first.
66. The underlined word “conflict” in the second letter means .
A. dependent life B. fierce fight C. bad manners D. painful feeling
67. The second letter suggests that Mr Expert .
A. is worried about Joan’s problem B. warns Joan not to quarrel with her friends
C. advises Joan on how to refuse people D. encourages Joan to be brave enough
responsibility are some elements of a true friendship.True friendships are hard to achieve.
And what’s more,life is short.So treasure these friends if you already have them.If you don’t,
continue to search,because once you have them,life will become so much easier to live,no matter what happens.I have been through very difficult times and I dare say,without my friends,
I would not have made it.
Friendships need lots of energy and patience to maintain them.Not to mention time.When your friend needs you,and when things are not going too well on your side,it is often so easy to turn a deaf ear to their requests.It is especially during these times that you must find the strength to help your friend.
And it is during these times that your friendship will be made stronger.
And you must always be happy for their successes,even when things are not going too well for you.It might be hard to do this,but it is something that you need to learn.Think about all the sacrifices your friend has made for you and all the times when he was happy for you despite his own troubles.Think aboutall the happy times you enjoyed and the sad,difficult times you went through together.That should give you plenty of patience to actually be a true friend.Remember,true friends are the next best thing to family.They will always be your supporters.小题1: What is the best title for this passage?
| A．A Precious Friendship |
| B．A True Friend |
| C．A Happy Time |
| D．Friend,a Treasure |
| A．trust your friends |
| B．forgive your friends’ mistakes |
| C．spend much money on friends |
| D．be helpful to your friends |
| A．friendships can help you through difficult times |
| B．friendships need lots of energy and patience |
| C．your friends need you to give more help to them |
| D．you should be always on your friends’ side |
| A．pretend not to know |
| B．take no measures to |
| C．have no means to |
| D．turn to a deaf for |
| A．a friend won’t achieve success without your support |
| B．most people in trouble are not happy about their friends’ successes |
| C．you should support your friends on any conditions |
| D．a true friend appears only when you have troubles |
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