题目
题型:模拟题难度:来源:
complicated and dangerous operation , not to mention very expensive. But it is sometimes the
only possible cure for a seriously ill patient with liver disease.
Until now British scientists have just announced a new stem cell technique, which allows them
to grow healthy liver cells outside human bodies. According to the researchers, it could be another
five to 10 years before the technique can actually be used to help patients with liver disease.
However, they say the method might one day replace liver transplants altogether. The study was
led by the University of Cambridge and the Welcome Trust Sanger Institute, a British genomics
and genetics research institute. It was published in the journal nature on October 12,2011.
The researchers took skin cells from a patient with a mutation (变异) in a gene called
alphal-antitrypsin (a-l抗胰蛋白酶). This gene makes a protein that protects our bodies against
inflammation (炎症). People with changed or damaged alphal-antitrypsin are not able to release
the protein correctly from the liver, so the protein is trapped there and eventually leads to liver
cirrhosis (肝硬化).
Scientists then used an advanced technique to cut away the faulty section of DNA from a stem
cell and replace it with a corrected one, according to the journal. The stem cells went on to produce
fresh and healthy liver cells with normal protein levels. Scientists put the new liver cells into mice
and found that they worked very well.
Stem cells are the life source of all other cells in the body. They could transform medicine,
providing treatment for blindness, spinal cord injuries and other serous injuries. They could also be
used to produce new cells for damaged organs.
David Lomas, a Cambridge biology professor who worked on the team, said: "If we can use a
patient"s own skins cells to produce liver cells that we can put back into the patient, we may prevent
the future need for transplantation. "
1. what is the best title of this passage?
A. How to transplant liver for patients
B. A new way to transplant livers for patients
C. The difficulty in curing liver patients
D. New life for liver patients
2. The first paragraph is written to _______.
A. show how difficult it is to cure liver disease
B. tell us what a liver transplant involves
C. introduce a potential cure for liver disease
D. show how serious liver disease can be
3.Why do some people get liver cirrhosis according to the article?
A. Because their bodies are lacking in alphal-antitrypsin.
B. Because their skin cells are not able to protect against inflammation.
C. Because the alphal-antitrypsin in their bodies is changed or damaged.
D. Because their liver releases too high a level of protein.
4. According to British scientists, liver transplant might ___________.
A. become history sooner or later
B. be replaced by a new stem cell technique in five years
C. be the only possible cure liver disease in the future
D. be prevented in the future
5. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Stem cells can keep liver cells healthy and fresh.
B. Equaling medicine, stem cells can cure blindness, spinal cord injuries and other serous injuries
C. Stem cells can replace the damaged organs.
D. All other cells in the body can"t work well without stem cells
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Cut out part of a healthy person"s liver and transplant it into a sick 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
crisis (经济危机). The statistics on unemployment, housing costs and consumer confidence keep coming
and coming, leaving people not just scared to spend money but also very stressed and emotionally
exhausted.This stress (压力) has an effect on everything, starting with our sleep, moods, physical health,
relationships and eating habits.
"Time of economic stress leads to increase rates of depression (忧郁)," says Dr Christopher Palmer,
director of continuing education at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts. "It worsens illness in
people who have been constantly depressed. But it also causes new cases of depression. Just the fear of
losing one"s job can put people over the edge."
And, without any doubt, just depression alone can create a variety of bad health effects.
● Sleep
33 percent of Americans reported that they have lost sleep due to the economic crisis.
26 percent say they are sleeping less than 6 hours per night, which is considered to be at least one
hour less than the most favorable 7 to 8 hours recommended by sleep experts.
● Mental health, stress and heart attack
80 percent of Americans reported that last year the economy is a huge source of stress; 49 percent
said the situation make them feel nervous or anxious; 48 percent reported that they feel very sad and have developed depression.
Nearly twice the risk of heart attack or death was found in patients with the highest levels of depression or anxiety. Among those individuals, a 10 percent higher rise of heart attack or death was found in those
whose anxiety rose over time.
● Relationships
The chances of violent (暴力的) behavior are nearly 6 times higher for individuals who are left without a job.
Workplace stress can lead to domestic violence.
B. Now all Americans have problems in sleeping.
C. Economy is the most troubling problem for Americans now.
D. Economic crisis has destroyed many American families.
B. They sleep less than the proper amount.
C. Diseases caused by economy make them sleepless.
D. They lose sleep at night.
B. get divorced (离婚)
C. get rid of workplace stress
D. go mad
B. Economic Crisis Affects Americans" Health
C. Economic Crisis Causes Trouble to Sleep
D. Ordinary People Suffer Greatly in Economic Crisis
different people,happiness means different things.State of happiness comes when you feel great joy and
satisfaction in life.The unity of soul and mind is very important for getting happiness,because mind creates a
comfortable environment for the soul.And mind has the power to control human actions and feelings.
The essence of happiness lies in the fact that you do what brings you pleasure.It"s very simple.A person
has a builtin system,an analogue (模拟的)GPS (Global Positioning System).GPS is a piece of equipment
that is most often put in cars,and shows the route from its present location to the destination.Here"s how it
works.You get in your car,choose a destination,and specify an exact address.GPS immediately determines
the best route and the arrow shows the direction of the route.If you follow the instructions of GPS all the
time,you will arrive at your destination.If you do not follow the instructions,it will say "change the route".
So here"s your "GPS";it is your emotional system.When you feel joy,you"re going the right way to a
happy life.When you feel sad and depressed,you"re going in the wrong direction.Your "GPS" says:"Change
the route."Some people are so used to this "change the route" that they in general no longer hear the
"GPS".Change the route-it"s your dissatisfaction,negative emotions and a sense of unhappiness.
Listen to your GPS.If the way is chosen incorrectly,your "GPS" would tell you to "change the route".
To gain your happiness,do follow your "GPS".
B. one"s mind has nothing to do with one"s happiness
C. the author gave an exact definition about happiness
D. different people have different ideas about happiness
B. listening to the advice from others
C. doing what can make us feel pleased
D. trying our best to keep our mind peaceful
B. It can show the user the best route to follow.
C. It can help a driver avoid traffic accidents.
D. It can make the user get to the destination immediately
B. don"t know how to use GPS
C. don"t have a builtin system
D. follow the instructions of GPS
B. ①②-③④
C. ①-②③-④
D. ①②-③-④
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
these funny noises are coming from? The part 2.________(blame) is your diaphragm,the muscle (肌肉) at
the bottom of your chest.All hiccups start here.
The diaphragm almost always 3.________(work) perfectly-it pulls down when you breathe in to help
pull air into the lungs 4.________it moves up when you breathe out to help push air out of the lungs.But so
metimes the diaphragm becomes upset,and when 5.________happens,it pushes up in an irregular way,ma
king your breath come out differently 6.________how it normally does.When this irregular breath hits your
voice box,you"re left with a big hiccup.Things 7.________bother the diaphragm include eating too quickly
or too much,stomachaches or feeling nervous.
If you want to know 8.________ to get rid of hiccups,here are some "cures".9.________ (breathe)
into a paper bag is one method some people use.Others think taking a mouthful of water is the way to
become hiccupfree.Sugar under your tongue might also drive away the hiccups.And maybe the most
famous 10.________ (treat),having someone scare you,also helps beat the hiccups.
something that you can"t sleep at night? 1 This worry in your mind can made your body feel bad. You
may feel angry, frustrated, scared, or afraid—which can give you a stomachache or a headache.
2 Good or normal stress might happen when you"re called to answer a question in class or when
you have to give a speech. This kind of stress that can help you to get things better done. 3
But bad stress can happen if the stressful feelings keep going over a long time. You may not feel well
if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, if you"re having problems at school, or if you"re
going through anything else that makes you upset every day. 4
5 That means making good decisions about how to spend your time. If you"re only dealing with
school stuff and have no time to play, you can get stressed. Make sure you keep yourself in mind: Sleep,
Exercise , Leisure(休闲),and Food. If you take care of yourself and get enough sleep and food, and if
you exercise and leave time for fun stuff, you"ll probably be less stressed out!
A. However, there are two different kinds of stress.
B. Can you tell a kind of stress from another one?
C. The best way to keep stress away is to have a balanced life.
D. That kind of stress isn"t going to help you, and it can actually make you sick.
E. Since bad stress is harmful for us, you"d better try to change it into good stress.
F. If so, then you know what stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable
about something.
G. For example, you may do a better job on your test if the stress pushes you to prepare well before the
test.
seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on
the human body. 2. _________.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny
films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was
found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. 3.__________. If laughter
exercises the body, it must be beneficial(有益的).
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the
body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to
different radio programs. The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain for the longest time was
the group which listened to a funny program.4._________.
5.__________. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like
laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused
by laughter.
A. Laughter can prolong(延长)one"s life.
B. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients" condition by encouraging them to laugh.
C. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish (减少) both stress and pain.
D. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet.
E. Although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.
F. Laughter is the best medicine.
G. They have found that laughter really can improve people"s health
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