题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more depression(沮丧) and loneliness than those who used Internet less frequently, the two-year study showed. And it wasn’t that people who were already feeling bad spent more time on the Internet, but that using the Net actually appeared to cause the bad feeling.
Researchers are puzzled by the results, which were completely the opposite to their experiences. They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose the information and to communicate with others.
The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may explain the drop in well-being, researchers supposed. Faceless, bodiless “virtual” communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that knowing the wider world via the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.
“But it’s important to remember this is not about the technology; it’s about how it is used,” says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel, one of the study founders. “It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications(应用) and services for technology.”
小题1:The best title of the passage probably is .
| A．Internet May Cause Depression |
B．The Danger of Internet  |
| C．Communication with Others by Internet |
| D．Puzzled by the Results |
| A．People could choose their information through Internet. |
| B．They had expected the opposite results. |
| C．People can communicate with others. |
| D．They had thought Internet was much healthier. |
| A．Net users found their living conditions bad. |
| B．Net users already had mental problems. |
| C．Deep relationships were formed through Internet. |
| D．Net users had less time to communicate with other people. |
| A．social factors must be considered while using technology |
| B．technology was to blame for depression |
| C．the problem doesn’t lie in technology |
| D．applications and services for technology must be designed |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述的是上网太多导致了很多人在精神上出现了不健康的状态，文章分析了原因。
小题1:A 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Internet use appears to cause a drop in psychological health, according to a research at Carnegie Mellon University.可知上网太多会让人在精神方面不够健康，故A正确。
小题2:B 细节题。根据文章第三段前3行Researchers are puzzled by the results, which were completely the opposite to their experiences. They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose the information and to communicate with others.说明原来人们以为网络能给人带来很多很多的好处。故B正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章第三段4,5,6，7,8段The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may explain the drop in well-being, researchers supposed. Faceless, bodiless “virtual” communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that knowing the wider world via the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.说明人们在网络上花了太多的时间而在现实生活中的与别人交流的时间太少可能是主要的原因，故D正确。
小题4:C 细节题。根据文章倒数3,4行“But it’s important to remember this is not about the technology; it’s about how it is used,”说明主要原因不是技术上的原因，而是人对网络的使用方式的原因。故C项正确。
点评：本文主要讲述的是上网太多导致了很多人在精神上出现了不健康的状态，测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
核心考点
试题【Internet use appears to cause a drop in psychological health, according to a res】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
People have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”
President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.
小题1:From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were .
| A．people from other countries | B．from France |
| C．people of his own country | D．men only |
| A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them. |
| B．Americans didn’t eat tomatoes before 19th century. |
| C．Even now Americans don’t eat tomatoes. |
| D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes. |
| A．while he was in Paris | B．when he was a little boy |
| C．because his parents told him so | D．from books |
| A．the President himself | B．a French cook |
| C．the President’s cook | D．the President’s wife |
Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings（包装）of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar tings are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.
The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.
小题1:Which of the following is not true?
| A．Some wrappings of food are harmful. |
| B．Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals. |
| C．“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”. |
| D．We needn’t take care of what we eat. |
| A．perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat |
| B．perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat |
| C．cancer was discovered in 1945 |
| D．science has made food unfit to eat |
| A．harmful | B．useless | C．helpless | D．dangerous |
| A．are bright and colourless |
| B．are not bright and colourful |
| C．have indirect effects on our health |
| D．have direct effects on our health |
With so much nutritional knowledge easy to find, we cannot simply ignore our present obesity epidemic(流行病). We know that fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin. Though we are overweight, many of us choose junk food over healthy food out of habits. One explanation for our strong desire for junk food is that we learn to connect junk food with positive feelings when we are young, and changing this attitude requires a huge amount of confidence and determination. Fortunately, new research published in May 2012 has shown a simple and accessible way to make healthier food choices- the one that doesn’t rely on great determination.
The research was based on two separate studies and it was carried out by T. Bettina Cornwell of the University of Oregon and Anna R. McAlister of Michigan State University. In the first study, 60 adults between the ages of 19 and 23 were questioned about the role of food and drinks. The survey tells us that adults prefer sweetened drinks with high-calorie, salty foods, to sweetened drinks with vegetables.
In the second study, 75 children between the ages of 3 and 5 were gathered for some experiments including drinks served with vegetables. The preschooler experiments were carried out under different situations and on different days. The researchers found that the children chose to take more green vegetables when they were served with water instead of a sweetened drink.
According to Cornwell, children learn to connect high calorie, sugary drinks such as cola, with high fat foods such as French fries, from a very early age. McAlister adds that early taste development appears to play an important role in food choices later in life. Meals served at home and meals offered at restaurants, set the stage for this idea and for the preference to choose junk food over healthy food, when beginning to take sweetened drinks.
“Our taste preferences are heavily influenced by regularly eating particular food and drinking particular drink,” states Cornwell. “If the drink on the table goes against both adults and children eating their vegetables, then perhaps it is time to change that drink… and to serve water with all meals. Restaurants could easily use water as free drink for children’s meals and charge extra money for other drinks.” Both McAlister and Cornwell are confident that serving water with meals could effectively reduce the nation’s obesity rates, diabetes rates and ever rising healthcare costs.
小题1:What may cause the risk of diseases according to the text?
| A．Over nutrition. | B．Obesity. | C．Unbalance diets. | D．Junk food. |
| A．Positive feelings about food. | B．High calorie of junk food. |
| C．Nice taste. | D．Eating habits. |
| A．quick | B．useful | C．easy to change | D．easy to get |
| A．children may like sugary and high-calorie drinks even from an early age |
| B．early preference for food and drink may influence food choices later in life |
| C．easy preference for drinks should not be allowed in most of the restaurants |
| D．restaurants should provide the same food and drink as those at home |
| A．Stop children drinking sugary drinks |
| B．Drink water to eat more healthy |
| C．Change eating habits to lose weight |
| D．Eat healthy food at home |
A new study last week showed eating even a little less salt could greatly help the heart．The scientists said the results would be thirteen percent fewer heart attacks, eight percent fewer strokes（中风）, four percent fewer deaths and eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease．
Researchers also found that the benefits would be greatest for African Americans and women．As a group, African Americans tend to have higher blood pressure than the general population, and "many studies suggest that they may be more sensitive to salt," says Dr.Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, an epidemiologist（流行病学家）at the University of California, San Francisco．Her analysis found that a reduction of 3 gram of salt per day would reduce heart attacks 8% on average; among African Americans, that rate would drop 10%．A similar result was found in women, whose stroke risk dropped 8% with a 3-g reduction in salt intake; in men, the risk fell 5%．
They and public health professionals in the United States are interested in a national campaign to persuade people to eat less salt．
However, other scientists say such a campaign is an experiment with the health of millions of people．
Michael Alderman, a high blood pressure expert and professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, says that eating less salt results in lower blood pressure．But he says studies have not clearly shown that lowering salt means fewer heart attacks or strokes．
“Salt has other biological effects． Calling for reductions in the national diet could have good effects, as well as harmful results． There is not enough evidence either way,”said Michael Alderman．
小题1:Eating too much salt may lead to the following EXCEPT ．
| A．stroke | B．heart disease | C．high blood pressure | D．lung cancer |
| A．Most Americans take more salt than advised． |
| B．African women eat more salt than Americans． |
| C．One"s origin determines how much salt he can eat． |
| D．Good health is just on the basis of having less salt． |
| A．cold | B．objective | C．subjective | D．doubtful |
| A．The Benefits of Eating Less Salt． |
| B．A New Study on Salt and Diseases． |
| C．An Argument Over Salt and Health． |
| D．The Harm Caused by Too Much Salt． |
Food has an impact on our physical and mental health. Have you ever heard any of the following advice?
Lettuce (莴苣) or milk can make you sleepy.
To stop feeling sleepy you should eat peanuts or dried fish.
Everyone has their own advice to give, which they have read about or have been told by older relatives. Some of these pieces of advice seem to contradict each other.
Eating chocolate makes you fat and gives you spots.
Chocolate contains the essential minerals: iron and magnesium (镁).
What we need to figure out is what type of chocolate to eat to get the benefits and how much of it to eat. We can do this by reading the list of ingredients (原料) on the chocolate bar package. Exactly how much real chocolate is in there? And how much of that do we need to eat to get the benefits of the minerals it contains?
Future restaurants might be named after the physical or mental state they hope to create. Their menus will list the benefits of each dish and drink. Some restaurants have already started this concept, and list the nutritional (营养的) content of their dishes on the menus.
Let’s take the restaurant “Winners” as an example. Their menu would list dishes specifically designed to help you win sports competitions. Or you could choose the Go-faster salad, which is a large bowl of mixed raw vegetables in a light salad dressing, giving you energy without making you gain weight. And what kind of dishes do you think would be on the menu at the “Clever Café”?
So what’s going to happen to hamburgers and biscuits? Will the concept of eating food, because it’s tasty, go out of fashion? Of course not! Junk food is also changing. If ice-cream is not good for children, can’t we give them fat-free, sugar-free tofu ice-cream? Unhealthy food is going out of fashion, so brands are changing. We are told not to drink cola because of the sugar and caffeine content so cola companies are making sugar-free and caffeine-free drinks. We are told dried fruit is a healthier snack than biscuits so some biscuit companies are making biscuits with added vitamins.
小题1:By saying “you become what you eat”, the writer means that ________.
| A．you will become your own food |
| B．you will know what food is good by its appearance |
| C．food has an effect on your health |
| D．you will know the effects of different types of food |
| A．Oppose to | B．Help with |
| C．Have influence on | D．Benefit from |
| A．To eat chocolate containing the essential minerals. |
| B．To read the list of ingredients on the package. |
| C．To get advice from others before eating real chocolate. |
| D．To learn how much chocolate we can consume before eating. |
| A．The food in “Winners” can ensure you to win sports competitions. |
| B．They might list the nutritional content of their dishes on the menus. |
| C．Hamburgers will disappear in these restaurants. |
| D．The Go-faster salad helps you go faster. |
| A．the junk food companies are changing their brand names |
| B．biscuit companies are making dried fruit |
| C．junk food will become healthier than before |
| D．Cola companies are still making cola |
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