题目
题型：江苏高考真题难度：来源：
The Sun is the major source of evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides
the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all
organisms (生物) on the Earth.
Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth"s surface. It is either reflected or
absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is
reflected by clouds or the Earth"s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water
to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%,
is actually used by green plants to produce food.
Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth"s surface back
to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter
but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases.
When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected
depends on the surface. For example, you"ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it.
Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark-
coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air.
B. water from oceans and lakes
C. energy from the Sun
D. greenhouse gases in the sky
B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere
C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere
D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes
B. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy
C. only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth
D. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth"s surface
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 We experience different forms of the Sun"s energy every day. We can se】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in
1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves.
The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightly softer on the outside
and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was
twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the
market by storm, rapidly becoming the world"s best-selling pineapple variety, and delivering natural levels of
sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple.
In nutrition (营养) it was all good news too. This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin
C (维生素C) than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good
against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type
of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket
of the healthy eater.
Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep market to itself. But other
fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies
argued successfully that Del Monte"s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock
them out the market.
B. good-looking outside and soft inside
C. yellowy-gold outside and hard inside
D. a little soft outside and sweet inside
B. It was less sweet and good for health.
C. It was developed by Del Monte.
D. It was used as medicine.
B. that is always present
C. that is difficult to get
D. that people use as a gift
B. succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself
C. tried hard to control the pineapple market
D. planned to help the other companies
you are worried that he will want to live as they do, and wonder if you should move.
Sometimes big pocket money, joyful birthday parties, special playrooms and super-big houses tell you that
your neighbors probably have more money than you do, and that they"re not as careful as you are with money,
but you may.
Find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do, talk with them as freely
and read to them every night.
Or you may find that some of these parents stay in one wing of their big house while their child plays by
himself, way off in a wing of his own. In that unfortunate case, he is basically growing up alone without being
looked after properly, but this can happen to a child who lives in a normal-size house, too, if he has a TV, a
computer and a few video games in his room. Even the most caring parent doesn"t walk in and out of it to see
what show her child is watching, what Internet site he has found and if he"s still playing that video game.
Too much uncontrolled screen time may lead to a certain loss of innocence (天真), but mostly this child
will lose the sense of unity and satisfaction that comes from being in a family.
A neighborhood should also provide you with a sense of unity and satisfaction, and if it doesn"t, you might
decide to move. Don"t judge your neighborhood too harshly (严厉地), though. There are some things that are
right with almost any neighborhood and some things that are wrong with the best of them-like those super-big
houses. The wealth of their owners-and the way they throw money around-may make your son feel sorry for
himself, unless you help him understand that you and his dad save some of the money, give some to people
who don"t have enough and use the rest to pay for whatever the family needs.
Children want-should be provided with-explanations when their parents don"t give them what they want.
B. Her son is left alone without anyone in charge.
C. She cannot provide her son with a special playroom.
D. She worried about the effect of her neighbors on her son.
A. spend more time with their children
B. give their children more freedom
C. work hard to lead a richer life
D. set an example for their children to follow
B. save money for their children
C. help the poor people willingly
D. leave money all round the house
B. Children should enjoy their comfortable life.
C. Children need proper guidance from their parents.
D. Children feel ashamed of themselves in a rich neighborhood.
touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?
To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting an optical
illusion (视觉影像) of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out
and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for
the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements.
All the 16-to 24- week -old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that
the ball was not there.
Grown－ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock
the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a
chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?
Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are
about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When
16－week－old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen,
they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the
screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense
of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The
researcher substituted (替换) a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies
seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week -old babies did not seem to
notice the switch (更换). Thus, the 16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of "something permanence,"
while the 22－week－old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.
B. effects of experiments on babies
C. babies" understanding of objects
D. different tests on babies" feelings
B. keeps its shape
C. still stays solid
D. is beyond reach
B. A screen.
C. A film.
D. A box.
B. The older babies preferred toy trains to balls.
C. The younger babies liked looking for missing objects.
D. The babies couldn"t tell a ball from its optical illusion.
She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the
neighborhood on her 121 st birthday.
When it comes to long life, Jeanne Calment is the world"s recordholder. She lived to the ripe old age of
122. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span (寿命)? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or
diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150－or beyond?
Researchers don"t entirely agree on the answers. "Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn"t surprise me if
someone alive today reaches 130 or 135," says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas.
Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees."People can live much longer than we think," he says.
"Experts used to say that humans couldn"t live past 110. When Calment blew past that age, they raised the
number to 120. So why can"t we go higher?"
The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it"s all just guessing."Anyone can make
up a number,"says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. "Usually the scientist who picks the highest
number gets his name in Time magazine."
Won"t new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centuries? Any cure, says Miller, for aging would
probably keep most of us kicking until about 120. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the
life span of mice by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller,
"adding another 50 percent would get you to 120."
So what can we conclude from this little disagreement among the researchers? That life span is flexible
(有弹性的), but there is a limit, says George Martin of the University of Washington." We can get flies to
live 50 percent longer,"he says. "But a fly"s never going to live 150 years."Of course, if you became a new
species (物种), one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story, he adds.
Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve (进化)their way to longer life?"It"s pretty cool to
think about," he says with a smile.
B. Old people are creative.
C. Women are sporty at 85.
D. Women live longer than men.
B. scientists cannot find ways to slow aging
C. few people can expect to live to over 150
D. researchers are not sure how long people can live
B. Steve Austad
C. Rich Miller
D. George Martin
B. The average human life span cannot be doubled
C. Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before.
D. New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species
summer and turned their attention to scientific experiments.
The High School Research Program offers high school students guidance with researchers in Texas
A&M"s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Jennifer Funkhouser, academic adviser for the Department
of Rangeland Ecology and Management, direst this four-week summer program designed to increase
understanding of research and its career potential (潜能).
Several considerations go into selecting students, including grades, school involvement and interest in
science and agriculture. And many students come from poorer school districts, Funkhouser says. "This is
their chance to learn techniques and do experiments they never would have a chance to do in high school."
Warner Ervin of Houston is interested in animal science and learned how to tell male from female
mosquitoes(蚊子). His adviser, Craig Coates, studies the genes of mosquitoes that allow them to fight
against malaria and yellow fever. Coates thought this experience would be fun and helpful to the high school
students.
The agricultural research at A&M differs from stereotypes. It"s "molecular (分子) science on the cutting
edge," Funkhouser says. The program broadened students" knowledge. Victor Garcia of Rio Grande City
hopes to become a biology teacher and says he learned a lot about chemistry from the program.
At the end of the program, the students presented papers on their research. They"re also paid $600 for
their work-another way this program differs from others, which often charge a fee.
Fourteen students got paid to learn that science is fun, that agriculture is a lot more than milking and
plowing and that research can open many doors.
B. college students majoring in agriculture
C. high school students from different places
D. researchers at the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
B. could often take part in the program
C. found the program useful to their future
D. showed much interest in their high school experiments
B. wrote research reports
C. paid for their research
D. found way to make money
B. favorable
C. astonishing
D. advanced
B. A Program for Animal Science Students
C. A Program for Medical Science Lovers
D. A Program for Future Science Lovers
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