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Do you ever wonder how some things came about? For instance, who figured out that there was something worth eating inside a banana peel? Or how astonishing do you have to be to discover that an artichoke has edible parts? Well, we may not know how either of those foods was discovered, but we do know how potato chips were invented.
Potato chips originated in New England as one man’s variation on the French-fried potatoes, and their production was the result not of a sudden inspiration of cooking invention but of a fit of annoyance.
It was the summer of 1853 and Commodore Vanderbilt, a wealthy railroad magnate, was vacationing at a hotel named Moon Lake Lodge in New York. On the restaurant menu were French-fried potatoes, prepared in the thick-cut French style that was popularized in France in the 1700s and enjoyed by Thomas Jefferson as ambassador to that country.
At dinner one night, Vanderbilt complained that his French-fried potatoes were cut too thick and sent them back to the kitchen. Offended by his snobbyguest, chef George Crum decided he would give Mr. Vanderbilt exactly what he asked for! He decided to annoy the guest by producing French fries too thin and crisp. The chef angrily gather

ed up some potatoes and sliced them paper-thin. He threw the slices into hot oil to fry, drained and salted them and then personally served the new dish to Mr. Vanderbilt.
Surprised to see the chef in the dining room, the other diners fell into silence and everyone held their breath, waiting for Vanderbilt’s reaction.
Vanderbilt immediately popped a crisp potato slice into his mouth and the loud “Crunch” broke the silence. He continued to crunch away, delighted with his new dish. The plan backfired. Vanderbilt was interested in the browned, paper-thin potatoes. Clapping a surprised Chef Crum on the back, Vanderbilt praised him on the impressive potatoes. And other diners requested Crum’s potato chips, which began to appear on the menu as “Saratoga Chips”, a house specialty. Soon they were packaged and sold, first locally, then throughout the New England area. Crum eventually opened his own restaurant, featuring chips. At that time, potatoes were peeled and sliced by hand. It was the invention of the mechanical potato peeler in the 1920s that paved the way for potato chips to rise quickly from a small specialty item to a top-selling snack food.
小题1:.
The author wrote the first paragraph to .

A．tell us how potato chips were invented

B．introduce the topic dealt with in the passage

C．give examples of how some things came about

D．explain why we do know how those foods were discovered

小题2:.
. According to the passage, chef George Crum .

A．invented potato chips by accident

B．opened his own restaurant, featuring potatoes

C．served the new dish to Mr. Vanderbilt in private

D．helped promote potato chips to a top-selling snack

小题3:.
. The production of potato chips was the result of .

A．Mr. Vanderbilt’s praise for the new dish

B．Thomas Jefferson’s appreciation of the French Fries

C．George Crum’s anger at Mr. Vanderbilt

D．the invention of the mechanical potato peeler

小题4:.
The underlined word “backfired” in the 6^th paragraph probably means .

A．developed in a successful way	B．made a big difference
C．happened in a particular way	D．had an opposite result

答案

小题1:.B
小题1:.A
小题1:.C
小题1:.D

解析

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试题【Do you ever wonder how some things came about? For instance, who figured out tha】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]

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During my many contacts with people in China, I have been asked by two different people what I would recommend to them so that they could be happy. One of these people was my student and friend who began her question by saying I always appeared happy to her. She then asked how I could be this way and if I could teach her how to be happy all

the time. The other inquiry was basically the same and came from the secretary of a company for which I was doing some work.
The first one to ask was my student and in thinking about an answer I even explored in class the idea of optimism and pessimism, of people who feel the glass is always half full and those who think it is half empty. It was easy to show that different people react differently to the same situations and conditions but that didn’t bring me much closer to understanding why.
About two months later I was riding to the airport in a taxi with the company secretary who asked me the same question and it made me think. Why did both these ladies feel they needed help to become happy? Indeed, why did either of them think they were not happy? Why did they choose to ask this question of me? Why are some people generally happy while others are not?
Certainly if someone is healthy, it might be expected that they are happy, and this is probably true. However, some people hav

e money and health but have a miserable disposition that makes it difficult for them to have friends and meaningful relationships. Similarly, one would expect those who have little to complain about their fate and many do, but others are able to enjoy what they have and enjoy life. It seems the difference must lie within the people. What we may be looking at is acceptance of a personal set of circ

umstances and the contentment which flows from that. It should not mean, however, that those people cannot wish for something better.
If the difference between people who are happy and those who are not lies within the people themselves, can happiness be learned? I think there are things we can do, such as dreaming of the future, which can give us the sort of positive outlook which will generally make us happy people.
小题1: According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A．The author was once asked how to be healthy and wealthy by two people.

B．The author came to realize why people responded differently to happiness.

C．Those who think the glass is always half empty are optimistic.

D．Those who feel the glass is always half full are pessimistic.

小题2:. The underlined word “disposition” in the fourth paragraph means .

A．character

B．habit

C．reputation

D．fate

小题3: The underlined word “it” in the fourth paragraph refers to .

A．the idea of pessimism	B．the attitude towards happiness
C．the satisfaction within	D．the appearance of happiness

小题4:. What will the author most probably talk about after the last paragraph?

A．Learning how to be happy.	B．Accepting the present situation.
C．Developing meaningful relationships.	D．Going after the dream.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

My husband is an engineer. Since we met, he has always been the rock in my life. I knew he had his feet 36 planted on the ground ,and it seemed that no matter what else went 37 , he would be the constant one.
Three years of romance and two years of marriage later, I began to feel 38 of him because he never brought me flowers , he never   39  me, and nothing had changed in our marriage.
After 40 , I finally told him I wanted to be 41  . He just sat there , speechless and didn’t even know            __42__to say to make me stay . Finally , he spoke ,“What can I do to change your 43 ?”
“I’ll stay if you have a good answer 44 this question,” I replied coldly。“If I asked for a 45
growing on a cliff, and getting it for me   46 certain death, would you still do so ?”
His face grew troubled.“Can I give you the answer tomorrow morning ?” With that , my heart 47 . He couldn’t even give me an answer 48 away.
The next morning , I found he was    49 .However, I found a note under a warm glass of milk . My eyes   50 misty as I was reading it
“Dear, I’ll give you my 51  .
After you do typing for a long time , I need my 52  to do it for you.
Every time you leave the house , you forget your keys . I need my legs to run 53  and open the door for you… that’s why I cannot pick the flower for you….”
With tears   54from my eyes , I opened the door. And there he was , with an extremely worried look on his face, waving the packet he had in his hand in front of me.
Just because someone doesn’t love you 55 you want him to, it doesn’t meant that he doesn’t love you heart and soul.
小题1:A deeply         B firmly        C   slightly       D totally
小题2:A different       B crazy     C   exciting       D   excited
小题3:A liked        B   tried          C   fond          D   tired
小题4:Afrightened

    B loved          C   surprised      D    lost
小题5:Asome time      B sometime    C   sometimes     D    some times
小题6:A in           B up            C    down         D    out
小题7:A what          B which         C    how          D when
小题8:A saying         B comment         C    opinion       D   mind
小题9:A to             B   of            C     for          D about
小题10:Atree        B   moon

  C     flower       D butterfly
小题11:Ameant          B   resulted       C    caused        D led
小题12:Asank         B   settled        C    rose          D   worried
小题13:A soon      B   straight       C    straightly      D   quickly
小题14:Amissed         B   missing        C    losing        D lost
小题15:Afell            B   changed        C    grew         D   got
小题16:Adscriptions    B   causes       C    lists          D reasons
小题17:Aheart         B   fingers        C   mind          D   arms
小题18:A home         B   at home        C     out         D   in
小题19:Asteaming       B sretching    C   streaming     D spreading
小题20:Alike it           B    way          C    how        D   the way

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Many years ago my dad was diagnosed (诊断) with a terminal illness . He was unable to work at 36 job . He would be fine for quite a while , but would then fall suddenly 37 and have to be admitted to the hospital .
He wanted to do something to keep himself 38 , so he decided to volunteer at the local children 39 . My dad loved kids . He would talk to them and play with them .Sometimes ,

he would    40   one of his kids . In certain instances , he would give   41    to the sad parents of these children .
One of his kids was a girl who had been admitted with a    42   disease that paralyzed (使…瘫痪) her from the neck down . I don’t know the    43   of the disease , but I do know that it was very sad for a little girl . My dad decided to try to help her . He started    44   her in her room , bringing paints , brushes and paper . He stood the paper up    45   a backing , put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint . He didn’t use his hands at all . Only his    46   would move . He would visit her    47   he could and paint for her . All the while he would tell her , “see , you can do    48   you set your mind to .”
49    , she began to paint using her mouth , and she and my dad became friends . Soon after , the little girl was discharged (允许出院). My dad also    50   the children hospital for a little while because he became ill. Sometime later after my dad had recovered and    51   t

o work , he was at the volunteer counter one day and 52 the front door open . In came the little girl who had been paralyzed , but this time she was 53 . She ran straight to my dad and hugged him really tight . She gave my dad a picture she had done using her 54 . At the bottom it read, “thank you for helping me w

alk .” Sometimes love is more 55 than doctors , and my dad-who died just a few months after the little girl gave him the picture-loved every single child in that hospital .
小题1:.

A．an important

B．a steady

C．an easy

D．a good

小题2:.．

A．ill

B．behind

C．asleep

D．down

小题3:.．

A．well

B．wealthy

C．busy

D．healthy

小题4:.

A．palace

B．hospital

C．center

D．park

小题5:.．

A．teach

B．miss

C．lose

D．treat

小题6:.．

A．speech

B．comfort

C．praise

D．help

小题7:.．

A．special

B．curious

C．strange

D．rare

小题8:.

A．result

B．reason

C．name

D．course

小题9:.．

A．observing

B．drawing

C．painting

D．visiting

小题10:.．

A．with

B．across

C．against

D．over

小题11:.．

A．head

B．neck

C．fingers

D．eyes

小题12:.．

A．with whoever

B．whenever

C．as if

D．as soon as

小题13:.

A．everything

B．something

C．anything

D．nothing

小题14:.

A．Basically

B．Naturally

C．Eventually

D．Suddenly

小题15:.

A．left

B．entered

C．rushed to

D．stayed at

小题16:.．

A．stopped

B．returned

C．hesitated

D．refused

小题17:.．

A．pushed

B．noti

ced

C．observed

D．kicked

小题18:.．

A．shouting

B．lying

C．walking

D．jumping

小题19:.．

A．hands

B．pens

C．paper

D．mind

小题20:.．

A．thankful

B．useful

C．thoughtful

D．powerful

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another is the rise of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
　 The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.
　 Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
　　However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.
For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom

chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussio

n, research outside reading and all-day trips.
　　

Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.
小题1:. The passage mainly tells us _____.

A．attitudes affect our actions

B．teachers play an important role in develop

ing children’s attitudes

C．attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

D．teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes

小题2:. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.

A．show that attitudes come from experiences	B．compare with each other
C．show all experiences are direct and impressive	D．tell experiences from attitudes

小题3:.When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.

A．change their feelings by scolding them	B．think highly of their good attitudes
C．help them by giving them good experiences	D．take no notice of their feelings

小题4:.The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.

A．direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones

B．what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home

C．teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children

D．teachers should always cover up their own attitudes

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

A Battery’s Worst Nightmare(噩梦)
Portable electronics that can be carried about easily are only as good as their batteries and, let’s face it, batteries aren’t very good, especially when compared with, say, petrol, which packs 100 times a battery’s energy into an equal space. That’s why a large group of mechanical engineers (centered at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but with partners at other universities and companies) are hard at work in an effort to replace batteries with a tiny engine that runs on fuel. Imagine a battery-free life!When the fuel runs out in your laptop or mobile phone, you just fill

up and go.
The engine, about the size of a ten-cent coin, starts with a combustion chamber (燃烧室) that burns hydrogen (氢). Its tiny parts are etched onto silicon wafers (硅片) in the same manner that computer parts are imprinted onto integrated circuits (集成电路). The first engine is made up of five wafers. And since these wafers could be produced in much the same way as computer chips, they could probably be produced quite cheaply.
But the devil in all this nice detail is efficiency(效率). Tiny engine parts don’t always behave like their scaled-up parts of the first engine. Something between the parts can slow down th

e work, according to Columbia University professor Luc Frechette, one of the engine’s designers. Extreme heat from the combustion chamber is also a problem, often leaking to other parts of the engine.
The scientists’ goal is to create an engine that

will operate 10 times better than batteries do. Frechette says that a complete system, with all parts in place and working, will be set up in the next couple of years, but commercial models aren’t available until at least the end of the next ten years.
小题1:.
. According to the passage, the title suggests that ________.

A．batteries should be greatly improved	B．petrol will be used instead of batteries
C．the time of batteries will be gone forever	D．pollution caused by batteries must be prevented

小题2:.
What’s the meaning of the underlined word “devil” (In Paragraph 3)?

A．Problem.　

B．Advantage.　

C．Invention.　

D．Technique.

小题3:.
What can we infer from the passage?

A．The new invention doesn’t need any fuel.

B．The new engine has been produced in quantity.

C．The new invention is much cheaper than the battery.

D．The new engine needs to be improved before it’s on sale.

小题4:.
. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A．To introduce a new invention to readers.	B．To persuade readers not to use batteries.
C．To show us how the new invention works.	D．To declare when the engine will be on sale.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

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