题目
题型：贵州省期中题难度：来源：
Dosage: Adult twelve years old and over take two teaspoonfuls as needed, not more than fifteen
teaspoonfuls per day. Children six years old to twelve years old take half the adult dosage, not more
than seven teaspoonfuls per day.
Warning: Do not overtake this medicine unless directed by a doctor. Children under six years old
and persons with high blood pressure, heart disease do not take this medicine. This preparation may
cause drowsiness. So do not drive or operate machinery while taking this medicine. Long- time cough
is dangerous. If relief does not occur within three days, discontinue use and go to see your doctor.
B. Someone with heart disease
C. Someone under six
D. Someone who has a cough
B. high blood pressure
C. coughing
D. headache
B. not take two teaspoonfuls of this preparation
C. take one teaspoonful of this preparation
D. take one - half teaspoonful
B. stop driving and operating machinery
C. stop taking it and see a physician
D. take half of the usual dosage
B. seven years old
C. twelve years old
D. none of the above
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 The following is the instruction to the people who have to take this m】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
of Little Mangere, off the coast of New Zealand. In 1967 there were about fifty black robins; in 1977
there were fewer than ten. These are the only black robins left in the world. The island has many other
birds, of different kinds, large and small; these seem to multiply very happily.
Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin. Detailed studies are going on, and a public appeal for money has been made. The idea is to buy another island nearby as a special home, a "reserve",
for threatened wild life, including black robins. The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be
supplied with the robin"s food-it eats only one kind of seed. Thousands of the required plants are at
present being cultivated in New Zealand. The public appeal is aimed at the conscience of mankind, so
that the wild black robin will not die out and disappear form the earth in our time at least.
Is all this concern a waste of human effort? Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives
or dies out? Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?
In the earth"s long, long past, hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved, risen to a degree of
success-and died out. In the long, long future, there will be many new and different forms of life. Those
creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time. Those
that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early. This is nature"s proven method of operation.
The rule of selection-"the survival of the fittest"-is the one by which human beings have themselves
arrived on the scene. We, being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced, may last
longer than most. You may take it as another rule that when, at last, human beings show signs of dying
out, no other creature will extend a paw to put off our departure. On the contrary, we will be hurried
out. For nature, tough fair, is a hard-hearted mistress. She has no favorites.
Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins. I leave you to judge whether we should try to
do something about it.
B. the appeal for money has come at the wrong time
C. the other birds on the island have destroyed it
D. its only food supply is far from enough on Little Mangere
B. make an argument
C. present his own idea
D. introduce a topic
B. active
C. unconcerned
D. optimistic
diseases. As a result, vitamin supplements (补品), though expensive, are popular with people who
worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many
people think, medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve
health or protect against disease.
In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example,
too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their
doctors, as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines.
Experts, however, do say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent disease. People who know they
lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have
enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, their body loses its ability to take it from
foods. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this
vitamin from sunlight.
Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil. It also is in the
yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes, carrots and other darkly colored fruits and vegetables contain
substances that the body can change into vitamin A. Vitamin B-twelve is found in green leafy vegetables
and other foods, like fruits. Vitamin K can be found in pork products.
In fact, for most people, a balanced diet can ensure enough of the vitamins our bodies need. So, it is
important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins our bodies
need.
B. How many vitamins some foods contain.
C. The benefits that vitamins bring to our health.
D. What people should do to stay healthy.
B. they contain more vitamins than the foods people eat
C. food does not provide enough vitamins people need
D. people fear that a lack of vitamins will lead to disease
B. to depend only on food for their vitamins
C. not to take any vitamins together with medicines
D. to consult doctors before taking vitamin supplements
B. green leafy vegetables
C. pork products
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to (对…的反应) sunlight and may help to
slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King"s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at
their telomeres-a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get
shorter and they become more susceptible (易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres-a sign of
being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the
ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, "These results are exciting because they show for the first
time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels
of vitamin D." This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related
diseases, such as heart disease and cancer."
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, " Although it might sound absurd(荒唐的),
it"s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy
effect on the general ageing process.
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body"s supply, but
lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
B. sunshine protects people against heart disease
C. vitamin D makes one"s skin look young and healthy
D. vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process
B. the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process
C. vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals
D. the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does more good than harm to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.
B. Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing
C. Sunlight and Vitamin D
D. Sunlight and Health
effects of smoking tobacco (烟草). That number is increasing.
WHO officials expect 150 million people to die from tobacco use in the next twenty years. Seven in
ten of those deaths will be in developing countries. These numbers are frightening. Yet people around the world continue to smoke.
It is not easy to stop smoking. However, doctors say you will live longer if you do stop smoking.
You will feel better and look better. You will also protect the health of family members who breathe in
your smoke.
The American Cancer Society says there is not just one right way to stop smoking. It says that one
method or a unit of methods may be successful. These include attending self-help programs or following
directions in a book. The group says any way to stop smoking that is legal, moral and effective is worth
trying. This could include taking long walks or spending time in areas where smoking is not allowed.
Also, you could eat a small piece of fruit instead of having a cigarette.
The American Cancer Society says the sooner smokers stop smoking, the more they reduce (减少)
their chances of getting cancer and other diseases. It says blood pressure returns to normal twenty
minutes after a smoker smoking the last cigarette. Carbon monoxide (CO) gas levels in the blood return
to normal after eight hours. In a day, the chances of a heart attack decrease. In a year, the risk of heart
disease is half that of a smoker.
B. small countries
C. developing countries
D. developed countries
B. people will feel much better after giving up smoking
C. it is not necessary for people to give up smoking forever
D. it is hard to say whether it is good to give up smoking or not
that ________.
B. blood pressure returns to normal
C. carbon monoxide gas levels in the blood return to normal
D. the risk of heart disease for a non-smoker is half that of a smoker
B. the smoker can affect the health of his or her family members
C. following any way can help you stop smoking
D. no matter how hard you try it, it is worth doing that
"Everyone knows the planet is in bad shape," thundered a magazine article last year. Species are being
driven to die out at record rates, and the rivers are so poisonous that fish are floating on the surface, dead.
But there"s a growing belief that what everyone takes for granted is wrong: things are actually getting
better. A new book is about to overturn our most basic assumptions about the world"s environment. Rivers, seas, rain and the atmosphere are all getting cleaner. The total amount of forests in the world is not
declining. The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjorn Lomborg, professor of statistics at the University of
Aarhus in Denmark, is an attack on the misleading claims of environmental groups, and the "bad news"
culture that makes people believe everything is getting worse.
Now the attacks are increasingly coming from left-wing environmentalists such as Lomborg, a former
member of Greenpeace. The accusation is that, although the environment is improving, green groups-with
profits of hundreds of mil-lions of pounds a year - are using scare tactics(谋略)to gain donations. Lomborg"s book doesn"t deny global warming - probably the biggest environmental threat - but destroys almost
every other environmental claim with many official statistics.
The Worldwatch Institute claims that "deforestation(沙漠化) has been accelerating over the last 30
years". But Lomborg says that is simply rubbish. Since the dawn of agriculture the world has lost about
20 per cent of its forest cover, but in recent decades the forest area"s depleting has come to a stop.
According to UN figures, the area of forests has remained almost steady, at about 30 per cent of total
land area, since the 1940s. Forests in countries such as the US, the UK and Canada have actually been
expanding over the past 40 years. Despite all the warnings the Amazon rainforest has only shrunk by
about 15 per cent.
Nor are all our species dying out. Some campaigners claim that 50 per cent of all species will have
died out within 50 years. But other studies show only 0.08 per cent of species are dying out each year.
Conservation efforts have been successful. Whales are no longer threatened and the bald eagle is off the
endangered list.
Environmental groups claim that many of the improvements are the results of the success of their
campaigns. Stephen Tindale, director of Greenpeace UK, said, "There are important examples, such as
acid rain and ozone, where things aren"t as bad as predicted, and that"s because behavior has changed."
B. The world"s environment is improving.
C. The total amount of forests in the world is not declining.
D. Conservation efforts have been successful.
B. They overturned our basic assumptions about the world"s environment.
C. They changed their behavior toward the environment.
D. They only told people bad news about the environment.
B. limiting
C. expanding
D. accelerating
B. The effects of global warming are not as bad as first expected.
C. It appears that the bald eagle will now survive.
D. In the last 50 years the number of whales has increased.
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