题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Dr. Mia Hashibe of the University of Utah School of Medicine was interested in the connection between coffee drinking and certain cancers of the head and neck. Researchers have looked into this before, but without reaching any firm conclusions. She said, "So this finding from our new study was quite a surprise. We didn"t really have any expectation of which direction it could go into."
To sort out the confusion, Hashibe and her assistants used statistical (统计学 ) techniques to, in effect, make one big study out of the earlier smaller studies. She explained, "Thanks to the earlier studies, we have a lot more power than earlier studies that looked at this. And we included 4,000 cancer patients who have cancer of the mouth and throat. And then 9,000 controls, people who do not have cancer. "
Those studies--in Europe and the United States--found that people who drank a lot of coffee were less likely to develop cancers of the mouth and throat. "We saw a protective effect for drinking more than 4 cups of coffee per day," Hashibe said. "This was the 40 percent decrease in risk. We did not see the same effect for drinking three cups or less per day."
Mia Hashibe said there was a weak connection between cancer risk and drinking coffee without caffeine. And she and her assistants found no proof that drinking tea provided the same protection as drinking Coffee. Their research is published in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Hashibe says it is not clear how coffee might protect drinkers from certain cancers. "There are a few chemicals that are known to be antioxidants (抗氧化物)in coffee. So we are thinking perhaps they are playing some sort of protective role against several cancers."
小题1:This passage is probably taken from __
A.a literature book | B.a travel journal |
C.an old directory | D.a medical magazine |
A.it was impossible to get the desired result | B.the research was much surprising in fact |
C.no conclusions had been reached before | D.the research team lacked faith in success |
A.Coffee without chemicals. | B.Coffee without caffeine. |
C.Four cups of tea a day. | D.Antioxidants in coffee. |
A.She knew for sure how coffee may affect drinkers. |
B.She included 4,000 people without cancer in study. |
C.She found an effect for three cups of coffee a day. |
D.She based her research on several earlier studies. |
A.Drinking Coffee May Protect Some Cancers | B.Drinking Coffee May Prevent Some Cancers |
C.Drinking Coffee May Cure Some Caneers | D.Drinking Coffee May Cause Some Cancers |
答案
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:D
小题1:D
小题1:B
解析
核心考点
试题【Coffee is one of the world"s most widely-enjoyed drinks. Now, a new research sug】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their relaxation.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier (滑雪者) is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
小题1: The main difference between a sport and a game lies in .
A.activity | B.uniform | C.rules | D.skills |
A.mountaineers depend on each other while climbing |
B.teams compete against each other |
C.it is an Olympic event |
D.there are five climbers on each team |
A.How to Climb High Mountains | B.Mountain Climbers |
C.Challenging Sports Activities | D.Mountaineering |
List all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times.
Decide positively that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons as well as your health and responsibility to others. For example, think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting a light, etc. Set a date for quitting --- perhaps a special day like your birthday, a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date seriously, and don"t let anything change it. Begin to condition yourself physically; start a modest (适当的) exercise; drink more water; get plenty of rest.
Immediately after quitting...
The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is prohibited, e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, department stores, etc.
Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks which remind you of cigarette smoking.
Start a conversation with someone instead of a match for a cigarette.
If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else - a pencil, a pen, a ruler. If you miss having something in your mouth, try a fake (仿制的) cigarette.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A.Whenever you feel like a cigarette, try to forget it by sleeping. |
B.Try to start a conversation before asking for a light. |
C.If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your mouth, play with a pen. |
D.Every night before going to bed, repeat all the reasons 10 times. |
A.should drink a lot of coffee | B.have to stop to smoke from time to time |
C.should drink a lot of wine | D.should not do any exercise |
A.forbidden | B.allowed | C.received | D.welcomed |
A.Sports | B.News | C.Health | D.Culture |
So what makes the idea of organic farming popular? Organic farming means farming with natural materials, rather than with man-made fertilizers or pesticides. Organic farmers rely on many methods — such as crop rotation (农作物的轮作) and the use of resistant(有抵抗力的) varieties, because they are necessary for organic farmers to compensate for the shortage of man-made chemicals.
Organic farming is often supposed to be safer than traditional farming for the environment. Yet after a long research on organic farming worldwide for a number of years, science continues to be against this opinion. The House of Commons committee on agriculture publicized that, even with complete research work, it would fail to find any scientific evidence to prove “that any of claims (宣称) made for organic farming is always true”.
However, the talk about the benefits of organic farming is going on. This is partly because many people depend on their individual farm, the soil, the weather, and so on.
小题1:The first paragraph mainly tells us _____.
A.organic farming has been performed only in Europe over the past 10 years |
B.governments of European countries have cared less about organic farming |
C.organic farming is far from being as popular as expected |
D.European countries need organic food more than the other countries in the world |
A.argue for | B.care for | C.struggle for | D.pay for |
A.It refers to farming with natural materials, instead of chemical fertilizers. |
B.It refers to farming with chemical fertilizers rather than natural fertilizers. |
C.It refers to farming with soil rather than any other thing. |
D.It refers to growing crops with man-made fertilizers and pesticides. |
A.organic farming is safer than traditional farming for the environment |
B.the idea that organic farming is safer has not been proven by science |
C.organic farming is accepted by the UK’s House of Commons committee |
D.organic farming is preferred to traditional farming |
A.The UK’s agriculture minister is an organic farmer. |
B.Organic farming is popular with young people. |
C.Farmers make use of many different kinds of methods to improve the organic sales system. |
D.Ninety-three percent of British shoppers don’t buy organic products. |
Experts in childhood nutrition aren’t surprised by an investigation this summer that shows 50%of parents who have overweight children don’t realize their children Weigh too much.Many parents deny their children’s weight because they don’t want to have to change their own eating and exercise habits,says Keith Ayoob, a doctor who works with overweight children and their families in New York City.
Parents frequently ask him whether their children have a thyroid(甲状腺) problem, but that’s rarely the case.“1t’s usually a dietary(有关饮食的) and lifestyle issue.It’s very difficult for parents to deal with their own food issues,”Ayoob says.An estimated 25 million children in the USA are overweight, which puts them at risk of developing diabetes(糖尿病), high blood Pressure and other health problems.A Consumer Reports magazine investigation released on July 25,2009 of 3.048 parents who have children aged 5 to 17 found that 91% say childhood obesity (肥胖) is a problem in the USA.
Only 36%of the parents with heavy children say their family doctors have suggested their children lose weight;the other 64%say the doctors didn’t mention it.“Many parents simply don’t realize their children are overweight.”says Keith Ayoob.“The doctors never told them.Other kids in the class look like their children.and their kids seem pretty healthy.”he says.
He has parents go to the calculator on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website to figure out whether their children are too heavy.
小题1:Why do many parents fail to admit their children are overweight?
A.Because they think it a shame to be overweight. |
B.Because they want to keep their own eating and exercise habits. |
C.Because they want to change their own eating and exercise habits. |
D.Because they want their children to have more nutrition. |
A.Thyroid problem. | B.High blood pressure. |
C.Dietary and lifestyle habit. | D.Diabetes. |
A.has no influence on many parents |
B.has much influence on many parents |
C.has little influence on many parents |
D.is totally accepted by many parents |
A.He advises that parents should go and ask their family doctors in person. |
B.He advises that the children should have a medical examination regularly. |
C.He advises that school should force the children to eat less and exercise more. |
D.He advises parents to go to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for the information. |
But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening,
小题1:“Your body has close relations with the food you eat.” It really means that ______.
A.all kinds of food you eat can be made into your body |
B.your body is made up of the food you eat |
C.what you eat has great effect on your health |
D.the more you eat, the fitter you will feel |
A.eating apples regularly does lots of good to our health |
B.the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits |
C.apples can take the place of doctors |
D.an apple is a sure cure for illness |
A.our bodies need food or we can’t live |
B.often eating apples is a good habit |
C.taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless |
D.a good diet is of great importance for our health |
A.only eat an apple a day |
B.eat properly |
C.take as many vitamin pills as possible |
D.throw something into our stomachs slowly and carefully |
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