题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Now experts hope to develop methods of putting humans into a similar state which could help astronauts survive long missions and lead to new ways of treating severely ill patients.
While many studies have examined hibernation in mice and hedgehogs, little research has been done into the same condition in larger mammals such as bears.
But new research conducted at the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska monitored the animals" body temperature, heart rate and muscle movements while they slept.
The research results showed that during a five-month hibernation the bears’ body temeratures varied between 30℃ and 36℃ in cycles that lasted between two and seven days—a pattern that was previously unknown in hibernating animals.
The research project leader said, "If our research could help by showing how to reduce metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates and oxygen demands in human tissues, one could possibly save severely ill patients. We simply need to know how to turn things on and off to take advantage of the different levels of hibernation."
Craig Heller, of Stanford University, who contributed to the study, added: "There has always been a thought that, if there is ever long-distance space travel, it would be good to be able to put people into a state of lower metabolism or a state of hibernation. That"s almost science fiction but you can see the logical basis."
小题1:We know from the text that .
A.during winter Alaskan black bears sleep for more than half a yea![]() |
B.researchers have examined hibernation in humans |
C.experts have got no results from their research |
D.Craig Heller is a leader from the Institute of Arctic Biology |
.
A.The Latest Research Results |
B.New Methods of Putting Humans into Hibernation |
C.Alaskan Black Bears Hibernate |
D.Astronauts Could Hibernate Like Bears |
A.many studies have examined hibernation in mice and bears as well |
B.humans" body temperatures vary between 30℃ and 36℃ while they sleep |
C.research into hibernation in animals may help deadly patients stay longer |
D.scientists have already take advantage of the different levels of hibernation in space missions |
答案
解析
核心考点
试题【Alaskan black bears hibernate for up to seven months a year, during which time t】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The small word “BRAND” printed in blue means that “Invisible Fence” is registered as the company’s brand name. Similarly, the “TM” printed after “your dog safe at home” stands for “trade mark”, a slogan registered specifically to one company.
小题1: The people set up an “invisible fence” _________.
A.to let their dog play outside their house |
B.to keep their dog away from the edge of the yard |
C.to keep their dog inside their yard |
D.to warn others not to enter their house |
A.The fence does not exist at all. |
B.The “Invisible Fence” is the name of a company. |
C.Without the special collar, the fence won’t work on the dog. |
D.Science and technology play an important part in it. |
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219022316-57424.jpg)
A group of Italian scientists believe the key to solving those puzzles lies with the remains, and they say they are seeking permission to dig up the body to conduct carbon and DNA testing.
If the skull is undamaged, the scientists can go to the heart of a question that has fascinated scholars and the public for centuries: the identity of the "Mona Lisa." Recreating a virtual and then physical reconstruction of Leonardo"s face, they can compare it with the smiling face in the painting.
"We don"t know what we"ll find if the tomb is opened. We could even just find grains and dust," says Giorgio Gruppioni, an anthropologist who is participating in the project. "But if the remains are well kept, they are a biological record of events in a person"s life, and sometimes in their death." Silvano Vinceti, the leader of the group, said that he plans to press his case with the French officials in charge of the said burial site at Amboise Castle early next week.
Leonardo moved to France at the invitation of King Francis I, who named him "first painter to the king." He spent the last three years of his life there, and died in 1519 at age 67. The artist"s original burial place, the palace church of Saint Florentine, was destroyed during the French Revolution and remains that are believed to be his were eventually reburied in the Saint-Hubert Chapel near the castle.
"The Amboise tomb is a symbolic tomb; it"s a big question mark," said Alessandro Vezzosi, the director of a museum dedicated to Leonardo in his hometown of Vinci. Vezzosi said that investigating the tomb could help identify the artist"s bones with certainty and solve other questions, such as the cause of his death. He said he asked to open the tomb in 2004 to study the remains, but the Amboise Castle turned him down.
The group of 100 experts involved in the project, called the National Committee for Historical and Artistic Heritage, was created in 2003 with the aim of "solving the great mysteries of the past," said Vinceti, who has written books on art and literature.
Arguably the world"s most famous painting, the "Mona Lisa" hangs in the Louvre in Paris, where it drew some 8.5 million visitors last year. Mystery has surrounded the identity of the painting"s subject for centuries, with opinions ranging from the wife of a Florentine merchant to Leonardo"s own mother.
That Leonardo intended the "Mona Lisa" as a self-portrait in disguise is a possibility that has interested and divided scholars. Theories have existed: Some think that Leonardo"s taste for tricks and riddles might have led him to hide his own identity behind that puzzling smile; others have guessed that the painting hid an androgynous lover.
If granted access to the grave site, the Italian experts plan to use a tiny camera and radar to confirm the presence of bones. The scientists would then exhume (挖掘) the remains and attempt to date the bones with carbon testing.
At the heart of the proposed study is the effort to discover whether the remains are actually Leonardo"s, including with DNA testing.
Vezzosi questions the DNA comparison, saying he is unaware of any direct descendants (后代) of Leonardo or of tombs that could be attributed with certainty to the artist"s close relatives.
Gruppioni said that DNA from the bones could also eventually be compared to DNA found elsewhere. For example, Leonardo is thought to have rubbed colors on the canvas with his thumb, possibly using saliva (唾液), meaning DNA might be found on his paintings.
Even in the absence of DNA testing, other tests could provide useful information, including whether the bones belonged to a man or a woman, and whether the person died young or old.
Even within the committee, experts are divided over the identity of the "Mona Lisa."
Vinceti believes that a tradition of considering the self-portrait to be not just a faithful imitation of one"s features but a representation of one"s spiritual identity may have resonated (共鸣) with Leonardo.
Vezzosi, the museum director, dismissed as "baseless and senseless" the idea that the "Mona Lisa" could be a self-portrait of Leonardo. He said most researchers believe the woman may have been either a wife of the artist"s sponsor, the Florentine nobleman Giuliano de Medici, or Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a rich silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo. The traditional view is that the name "Mona Lisa" comes from the silk merchant"s wife, as well as its Italian name: "La Gioconda."
小题1: Where is this passage most probably taken from?
A.A magazine. | B.A newspaper. | C.A textbook. | D.A research report. |
A.To arouse the interest of readers. | B.To puzzle Italian scientists. |
C.To answer the questions himself. | D.To make fun of French officials. |
A.What Is the Purpose of an Investigation? |
B.How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die in France? |
C.Are the Remains Really Those of the Master? |
D.Did Leonardo Paint Himself as "Mona Lisa"? |
A.press the French officials to participate in their project |
B.urge the French officials to open the tomb early next week |
C.persuade the French officials to allow opening the tomb |
D.record events in a person’s life with the French officials |
A.Scholars have the same opinion on DNA testing. |
B.Scientists doubt if the remains are those of da Vinci. |
C.The identity of “Mona Lisa” has already been proved. |
D.Alessandro Vezzosi got permission to open the tomb. |
A.“Mona Lisa” is the name of the wife of a silk merchant |
B.the “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci |
C.experts divided the committee into several groups |
D.opinions differ of the identity of the “Mona Lisa” |
Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.
“Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads,” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.
“Eco-passages” may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These eco-passages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road accidents,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.
But do animals actually use the eco-passages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an eco-passage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.
Builders of eco-passages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders(火蜥蜴)and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!
小题1: The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that __________.
A.wild animals have become more dangerous |
B.the driving condition has improved greatly |
C.an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents |
D.the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work |
A.an underground path for cars |
B.a fence built for the safety of the area |
C.a bridge for animals to get over a river |
D.a path for animals to cross the road |
A.animals begin to realize the dangers on the road |
B.animals are crossing the road in groups |
C.animals are increasing in number |
D.animals begin to learn to use eco-passages |
A.wild animals may attack cars | B.they may see wild animals on eco-passages |
C.they may see wild animals in the park | D.wild animals may jam the road |
A.Special bridges help animals cross the road |
B.Endangered animals increase because of roadkill |
C.Animals fail to cross the road |
D.Take steps to protect animals in danger |
Some people feel they do their best under the most stressful circumstances. What was it about Leonard Bernstein that made him do so well in such a difficult situation?
Perhaps Leonard Bernstein did so well because music was his devotion. The son of a man who supplied hairdressing products, Bernstein became interested in music at the age of 10. By the time he was a teenager, he was performing in public. He became a soloist of the Boston Public School Orchestra, and for 13 weeks in 1934, he played classics on the radio.
小题1:The underlined word “break” in the first paragraph means “__________”.
A.rest | B.chance | C.pause | D.gap |
A.The concert Bernstein was to play at was going to be broadcast nationally on TV. |
B.The music Bernstein was going to conduct was very difficult. |
C.When Bernstein was told he was to take Walter’s place, he had no time to practice the performance. |
D.Before his performance as a conductor, Leonard Bernstein had little experience. |
A.the wonderful music | B.the stress of the circumstances |
C.his devotion to music | D.Bruno Walter’s absence |
A.Leonard Bernstein was very clever |
B.Leonard Bernstein’s parents worked hard |
C.chances are important to a famous person |
D.early interest led to Leonard Bernstein’s success |
A.Leonard Bernstein’s Debut | B.Leonard Bernstein’s Life |
C.A Young Soloist | D.A Great Conductor |
Last month, however, a group of experts published a report which says that patents are very bad for poor countries. The report says that drug companies do not want to find new medicines for diseases of poor people in poor countries. It says that poor countries should be allowed to buy cheap drugs without patents from other countries.
The authors of the report were lawyers, scientists and a senior director from the drug company Pfizer. Of course, the pharmaceuticals industry doesn’t agree with the report, “We need patents so that we can develop new medicines to fight disease both in the developed and developing world,” said a spokesman. But the report is the first sign that there might be a change in the patent system. This change could save millions of lives in the world’s poorest countries. This really is good news.
小题1: Why are medicines expensive for people in poor countries?
A.They are protected by patents. | B.They are produced in rich countries. |
C.They are imported. | D.They can cure the deadly diseases. |
A.执照 | B.专利权 | C.专利品 | D.商标 |
A.To sell drugs in rich countries. |
B.To sell drugs in poor countries. |
C.To get money to produce new drugs. |
D.To compete with other companies. |
A.Poor countries should spend more money on drugs. |
B.Poor countries shouldn’t obey a pharmaceutical patent. |
C.Poor countries should import drugs. |
D.Poor countries should be allowed to make copies of drugs. |
A.Millions of lives will be saved in poor countries. |
B.Drugs companies will stop producing drugs. |
C.Drug companies will make more money. |
D.The competition will be canceled. |
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