题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
“Hair must always be completely clean, make-up should look natural, and you should always, always wear high-heels,” advises Andrea Reyes, a teacher in a school of Caracas with 160 students.
Beauty contests are treated in Venezuela much as sporting competitions are elsewhere. Many Venezuelan parents believe that if their daughters can succeed and get the beauty crown, their future as famous and public persons is sure to come. As a result, the girls are trained to compete at a young age.
Among former beauty queens are Irene Saez, who went on to compete for the country’s president, and Eva Ekvall, whose battle with cancer helped to make more people know about the illness in Venezuela.
However, voices against the trend can be heard all over the country. At one time, a feminist (男女平等主义者) group tried to stop the Miss Venezuela broadcast. President Hugo Chavez has spoken out against the culture of plastic surgery(整形手术)in Venezuela, calling it a “frightening thing”.
The BBC reporter Sarah Grainger says that acceptance of the contests is partly a result of the country’s “machista” (大男子主义的) view of the different roles that men and women should play, “Men are supposed to be strong and brave and women to be gentle and beautiful”.
Miss Universe 1996, Alicia Machado, knows the price to be paid when you’re no longer seen as attractive. After winning the beauty contest, she said all she wanted to do was “eat, eat and eat”. Her weight gain later and warning by the organizers of the contest to replace her as queen with the runner-up was among the hottest topics in the country, especially in Latin America.
小题1:What’s the advice given by a teacher in Caracas to her students?
| A．Attending beauty schools as early as possible. |
| B．Wearing high-heels at times. |
| C．Washing your hair quite often. |
| D．Fighting against cancer bravely. |
| A．try plastic surgery |
| B．practice the country’s “machista” view |
| C．earn a good future |
| D．eat as much as one pleases |
| A．Venezuela girls have won Miss Universe and Miss World over six times by chance |
| B．In Venezuela, people judge men and women in quite different ways |
| C．Eva Ekvall once competed for the country’s president |
| D．Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez has spoken out against beauty contests |
| A．the news reporter covering the beauty contest |
| B．the organizer of the beauty contest |
| C．the girl who is slim |
| D．the person who comes in the second place |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：本文主要介绍了培养选美冠军的选美学校的一些情况以及选美冠军的一些情况。
小题1:细节题。根据“Hair must always be completely clean, make-up should look natural, and you should always, always wear high-heels,” advises Andrea Reyes, a teacher in a school of Caracas with 160 students.故选C。
小题2: 细节题。根据Many Venezuelan parents believe that if their daughters can succeed and get the beauty crown, their future as famous and public persons is sure to come，故选C。
小题3:细节题。根据“Men are supposed to be strong and brave and women to be gentle and beautiful”.
可知从文章中，我们可以知道在委内瑞拉，人们以不同的方式判断男子和女子，故选B。
小题4: 猜词题。根据最后一个自然段内容，可猜出“runner-up”意思是亚军，故选D。
核心考点
试题【As the old saying goes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. But Venezuela, who】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A: This is about Facebook, not your mom. The often-shrugged-off truth about social media is that nothing is private. It’s easy to forget this, so in a way, you’re lucky that your mom is reminding you. Everything you post—comments, likes, photos—is freely available to future friends, employers, lovers etc unless blocked. That said, you can ask Mom again nicely to tone it down. You can also customize your controls so she can’t see everything you post.
Q: In which situations am I required to make a phone call versus send a text message?
A: A text is for information—time, date, news. It’s for the stuff you can keep short and sweet. A phone call is for analysis, discussion, opinion, and, if you must, gossip.
Q: I’m always on Facebook, so I just send messages to friends through the site. But when should I log off and send an e-mail?
A: When you’re serious about anything. Think of it as chatting with someone on a bus versus asking her to meet you for coffee. The former is good for casual conversation; the latter is personal and requires attention.
Q: For which occasions should I mail paper invitations versus send e-mail ones? (E-cards are free and easy—what’s not to love?!)
A: Anything important needs a paper invitation. That’s your baseline. So ask yourself: “Do I want people to dress up for this event?” If the answer is yes, dress up your invitation by making it printed instead of virtual. For more casual events and gatherings, e-card away.
Q: Is using emoticons ever inappropriate to express a feeling or make a point in texts or e-mails?
A: Emoticons are for fun. Is the message you’re writing fun? Use an emoticon. Are you asking for a big favor? Skip it. Is the message to your boss or a colleague? Skip it. Avoid them if you want to be taken seriously about anything.
Q: I have a big, happy announcement to share with a lot of people. Is it appropriate to share it on my blog?
A: Yes, so you don’t have to go cc-ing everyone in an e-mail. Post away. But send a private message to those who should know first.
Q: I have a big, sad announcement. What should I do?
A: Respect your privacy—and yourself. Pick up the phone and call a trusted friend or family member to let her know, and then ask her to help spread the news offline.
小题1:What do we learn about social media from the first Q and A?
| A．It is illegal to keep track of personal privacy on Facebook. |
| B．Personal privacy is inaccessible online with control customized. |
| C．People tend to ignore privacy provided it is blocked purposefully. |
| D．We need someone to remind us constantly of our privacy online. |
| A．Sending texts to consult a doctor for surgery |
| B．Carrying on casual conversations via emails. |
| C．Emailing your boss with emoticons for promotion. |
| D．Writing a formal invitation for a dress-up event. |
| A．Arranging for a social gathering to celebrate it. |
| B．Informing your teachers who may help you spread. |
| C．Telling your parents before posting it on your blog. |
| D．Sending everyone a message privately to share it. |
More news on the knighthood is surely to come．but Murray’s achievement has a twist in that he is Scottish．not English．
Also in the royal box show on Sunday was Scotland’s first minister, Alex Salmond, waving the white-and-blue Scottish flag．in the row directly behind Cameron after the victory．No Scotsman had won the singles at Wimbledon since Harold Mahony in 1896．Salmond was later asked on BBC Radio whether Murray’s achievement had been a victory for Britain． “Absolutely，and for tennis fans everywhere，"Salmond said．“Let everyone enjoy the victory．But you will allow us just the little private thing．Let us wave our national flag．’’
The Scottish government，headed by Salmond，has announced that Scotland will hold a referendum(全民票)on independence from Britain in September 2014．Murray，who lives in the London area but was born and raised in the Scottish town of Dunblane，has not said publicly which way he would vote on the issue，and his Wimbledon Championship will only mix interest in his views．
But this was，make no mistake，a national moment．Murray’s semifinal victory over Jerzy Janowicz drew a peak television audience of 13.24 million viewers．the biggest of the year in Britain．The final then topped that with a peak audience of 17.3 million，the biggest audience for a Wimbledon final since at least 1990, according to the BBC．
Only one name will go on the trophy(奖杯)，but tennis at the highest level has now become a team event．Murray，who once had frequent fits of anger during matches，has transformed himself into a much more focused force with the help of an extensive support group．Murray’s rise to champion has clearly something to do with his decision to hire the former number one tennis champion Ivan Lendl as his coach just before the2012 season．“He’s been very patient with me; I"m just happy I managed to do it for him．”
Onward Team Murray goes toward a defense of the United States Open title，beginning next month，and then eventually to defending at Wimbledon next year with the British drought(干旱) well and truly over．
小题1:The underlined word “twist” in the second paragraph refers to Murray’s_____.
| A．achievement | B．knighthood |
| C．champion title | D．nationality |
| A．Murray is the first British to have won the singles at Wimbledon． |
| B．Murray’s victory over Jerzy Janowicz drew the biggest audience of the year． |
| C．Murray has won the championship of the United States Open before． |
| D．Murray was born a strong，talented and cool-headed tennis player． |
| A．Murray is concerned about the drought that struck Britain． |
| B．Drought in Britain will be over next year when Wimbledon is held． |
| C．British government’s rule over Scotland will come to an end soon． |
| D．The British people’s desire for a Wimbledon victory is fully satisfied． |
| A．The whole Great Britain is enjoying Murray’s victory． |
| B．Scotland is going to gain independence from Britain |
| C．The secret lies behind Murray’s Wimbledon victory． |
| D．Murray was torn between the choices in the referendum． |
Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.
Here is an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of mean excitement. Later we might tell our family of friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we’re happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it’s started, it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
小题1: According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our ______.
| A．self-respect | B．financial rewards |
| C．advertising ability | D．friendly relationship |
| A．lying | B．stealing | C．cheating | D．advertising |
| A．offering advice to the clerk | B．telling the truth to the clerk |
| C．asking the clerk to be more attentive | D．reminding the clerk of the charged item |
Without urgent action to stop that trend，warned Tom Frieden whose agency wrote the report，the miracle drugs to fight them won’t be available in the future．
“If we are not careful，the medicine chest will be empty when we go there to look for a lifesaving antibiotic for someone with a deadly infection．But if we act now，we can preserve these medications while we continue to work on development of new medicines．”
The report names a drug—resistant abuse of gonorrhea(淋病)，which causes about one quarter of a million hospitalizations in the United States annually．Of the number at least 1 4，000 result in death．
Drug resistance develops through the overuse and inappropriate use of anti—bacterial agents．These can be：doctors prescribing(开药) them to patients who have viral infections that are not affected by medicine meant to fight bacteria；patients not taking all of their medicine as prescribed，so the bacteria making them sick are only weakened，not killed；antibiotic use in healthy farm animals to prevent illness and promote growth．Antibiotic remainders left in meat and animal products can then lead to drug resistance in humans．
To limit the spread of resistant infections，experts recommend wider use of routine immunizations(预防)，as well as hand—washing in hospitals and other health care facilities．Also， the report urges hand—washing by food handlers．?
Michael Bell，deputy director of the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion at CDC，said Patients also can play a role in preserving the effectiveness of antibiotics by asking health care providers a few simple questions．
小题1:What’s the best title of the passage?
| A．Drug Resistance Developing Quickly in the US |
| B．Drug—Resistant Bacterial Infections Growing in the US |
| C．Actions for Preserving Anti-Bacterial Medications in the US |
| D．Preventions of Drug-resistant Bacterial Infections in the US |
| A．we will have to develop better medicines in place of antibiotics |
| B．there may be no effective anti-bacterial drugs for use in the future |
| C．we can’t find other medicines to cure serious illnesses in the future |
| D．more and more Americans will suffer from bacterial infections each year |
| A．at least 5.6％ | B．about 25％ | C．about 1.4％ | D．at least 2.5％ |
| A．people eat the meat with Antibiotic remainder in animals |
| B．doctors prescribe less antibiotics than needed for patients |
| C．doctors prescribe much more antibiotic than needed for patients |
| D．patients don’t take their ant-bacterial agents that doctors prescribe |
At that time, any fish caught had to be preserved. Raw fish was cleaned and then pressed between layers of heavy salt. After a couple of months, the whole process was complete. Over time, a discovery was made that by rolling the fish in rice that had been soaked in vinegar the fish was easily fermented (发酵) in a few days rather than months. The rice was then thrown away and the fish was eaten. However, with a food shortage, people began consuming the rice as well as the fish and thus, Sushi today as we know was born. However, in the 1800s, a famous chef by the name of Yohei created two styles of Sushi—one called Edo, and the second, Osaka, for two cities.
Sushi is usually consumed with hot green tea. Also, Gari is offered free and eaten between bites to create a better taste. Two kinds of sauce are usually available: one is soy sauce, which is poured on most kinds of Sushi; the other is a thick sweet sauce used on eel (鳗鱼).
Sushi has taken the world by storm and today is a multi-billion dollar industry. Its popularity continues to rise because people are looking for healthy food that is quick and easy to make. With such unbelievable popularity as well as the health benefits of eating Sushi, it is likely that this food will continue to be a part of everyday life for many more centuries to come.
小题1:Two kinds of Sushi, Edo and Osaka, were probably named after _______.
| A．the chef’s name | B．their birthplaces |
| C．the name of fish | D．some kinds of food |
| A．keep Sushi last long |
| B．make green tea better |
| C．digest Sushi more quickly |
| D．make Sushi more delicious |
| A．It is cheap and delicious. |
| B．It is served with free Gari. |
| C．It is beneficial to people’s health. |
| D．It is easy to be kept for a long time. |
| A．Delicious Sushi and Its Origin |
| B．How to Make Delicious Sushi |
| C．Yohei and Two Styles of Sushi |
| D．The Birthplace of Sushi—China |
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