Starting in l972，the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires calle Natural Burn．It was acknowledged that some forest fires，such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，so the fire should be allowed to burn．However, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 caused this policy to be abandoned since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of control．As a result，the fire of l988 destroyed much of Yellowstone，which is America’s oldest and most beloved national park．Massive areas of plants were destroyed，and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted visitors．The rivers and streams were choked with ash，and the ecosystem of the park was changed beyond repair.
In addition，great numbers of animals were killed by the fires that bumed out of control. The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．The fires’ rapid advances gave the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today，few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires，the numbers of visitors declined rapidly．No one was interested in seeing a blackened and treeless park on vacation．Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful. But now its reputation as America"s wonder is damaged permanently.
小题1:Natural Burn was adopted because some forest fires were | A．hard to put out | | B．started by lightning | | C．good for the balance of nature | | D．approved by National Park Service |
小题2:The big fire in Yellowstone in 1988 ．| A．became out of control at first | | B．destroyed the park completely | | C．was allowed to burn continuously | | D．brought the natural burn policy to an end |
小题3:Why were so many animals killed in the big fire?| A．Because winds were blown from high places． | | B．Because the animals moved only ten miles a day． | | C．Because the animals lived in lower places． | | D．Because strong winds contributed to the fire a lot． |
小题4:Yellowstone was famous for its ．| A．rare animals | B．unique plants | C．beautiful scenery | D．little streams |
小题5:The text probably comes from ．| A．a science fiction | B．a news report | | C．a commercial ad | D．a geography magazine |
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小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:D |
试题分析:从1972年以来国家公园管理局颁布了一项政策：对于由闪电引起的自然火灾采取放任态度，认为这有助于自然平衡。但是1988年黄石自然公园的大火发生后，这项制度被废除了，因为火灾会带来巨大的损失。
小题1:C细节理解题。根据文章首段such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，可知在过去人们认为自然火灾会对生态平衡有益，答案选C。
小题2:D细节理解题。根据第一段中However, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 caused this policy to be abandoned可知黄石火灾的发生结束了这一制度，故D选项正确。
小题3:D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．可以判断因为大风助长了火势，很多动物来不及逃走就被烧死了，所以选D。
小题4:C细节理解题。从文章第二段Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful.可知黄石公园因为自然风光而闻名，答案选C。
小题5:本文介绍的是自然火灾对于森林的影响，属于自然地理范畴，由此判断文章应选自地理杂志，所以答案选D。 |
核心考点
试题【Starting in l972，the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Today，we are told，children don’t spend enough time in the fresh air．Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world．They have lost touch with nature．
But now 400 organizations in the UK，from playgroups to the National Health Service，are encouraging children to have some“wild time”．They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside．Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city，they can go on adventures in the garden or the park．
Children often need a helping hand from mum and dad．They need to be shown what to do and where to go．Andy Simpson from National Health Service says，“We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development，independence and creativity，by giving wild time a go”．
So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now，it seems that going back to basics and experiencing“nature’s playground”is what modern children need．David Bond from Project Wild Thing says，“We need to make more space for wild time in children’s daily routine，freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted”．
This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe，like me，it’s made you think about sticking on your boots，getting outdoors and reliving your childhood．There’s no age limit on enjoying yourself!
小题1:What is the best title of the text?| A．Wild time for children | B．Benefits of wild time | | C．More space for children | D．Adventures of children |
小题2:Children are encouraged to do the following activities except | A．building dens | B．climbing trees | | C．playing hide and seek | D．watching TV |
小题3:According to Andy Simpson，we know that | A．wild time is hard to design | | B．wild time is beneficial for children | | C．parents know the importance of wild time | | D．parents like keeping their children indoors |
小题4:What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4 ?| A．Modem children need wild time． | | B．Adults value outdoor activities． | | C．The present world is complicated． | | D．This generation of kids have no freedom． |
小题5:The last paragraph suggests that | A．people like recalling the past | | B．it is out of date to go outdoors | | C．it is too late for adults to enjoy nature | | D．people at any age can enjoy wild time |
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Reseachers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately juage 90 percent of a stranger"s personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes．“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers，’’the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality．
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style，cost，color and condition of someone’s shoes．In the study，63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study’s participants．Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes，and then filled out a personality questionnaire．
Some of the results were expected：People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes，and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people．However，some of the more specific results are strange enough．For example，“practical and functional’’ shoes were generally worn by more “pleasant" people，while ankle boots were more linked with ‘‘aggressive’’ personalities．The strangest of all may be that those who wore‘ ‘uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities．And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them，you may suffer from “attachment anxiety"，spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance．There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主张变革的)types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes．
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities，but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities．
小题1:What does this text mainly tell us?| A．Shoes Call hide people’s real personalities． | | B．Shoes convey false information about the wearer． | | C．People’s personalities call be judged by their shoes． | | D．People know little about their personalities． |
小题2:The participants were asked to | A．provide pictures of their shoes | | B．look at pictures of different shoes | | C．design a personality questionnaire | | D．hand in their commonly worn shoes |
小题3:Which of the results is beyond people’s expectation?| A．Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes． | | B．Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes． | | C．Aggressive people are likely to wear"ankle boots． | | D．Fashion shoes are typically worn by outgoing people． |
小题4:People suffering from“attachment anxiety” tend to | A．wear strange shoes | B．worry about their appearance | | C．have a calm character | D．become a political leader |
小题5:The author wrote the text in order to | A．inform us of a new study | B．introduce a research method | | C．teach how to choose shoes | D．describe different personalitie |
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A shopping center is a place where many different shops and stores are collected under one roof. You can buy everything there and there are also banks, restaurants and, sometimes, a post office.
There are other places in the United States which are called five-and –ten-cent stores because they used to sell things for 5 to 10 cents. Today they sell almost anything and some of the things cost several dollars. Supermarkets are found in all the cities. They sell food and many other goods. You walk around the supermarket, choose the things you want, put them into a special basket prepared by the store and pay for them all together at the door. Supermarkets often stay open later than other stores.
Stores are usually open every day of the week except on Sunday. Some close on Saturdays in July and August.
小题1:The shops and stores in a shopping center are .| A．in the same building | B．on the top of a big roof | | C．close to your house | D．near banks and restaurants |
小题2:A five-and-ten-cent store usually sells .| A．expensive things | B．small and cheap things | | C．things worth many dollars | D．everything you need in the house |
小题3:________have baskets ready for people to carry the things they are going to buy.| A．Shopping centers | B．Fine stores in America | | C．Five-and-ten-cent stores | D．Supermarkets |
小题4:Which of the following can be the topic of the article?| A．What a shopping Center is? | B．Why people like supermarkets? | | C．Three types of places for shopping. | D．Old and new stores. |
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There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the home from work in the evenings. A man will be the newspaper, but seconds later，with his head down, it as if he is trying to it . Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger next to him. place where unplanned short sleep is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so that the professor has to ask another student to the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation happens when a student starts falling into sleep and the of the head pushes the arm down off the , and the movement causes the of the body to move together and finally he falls down to the floor. The student wakes up on the floor with no of the reason for getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when . Police reports are full of that happen when people fall into sleep and go the road. If the drivers are , they are not seriously hurt. One woman’s car, , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of and thought it was raining. When people are really , nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.
| 小题2: | | A．buying | B．folding | C．reading | D．delivering |
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| 小题3: | | A．acts | B．shows | C．looks | D．sounds |
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| 小题4: | | A．eat | B．open | C．find | D．finish |
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| 小题5: | | A．lying | B．waiting | C．talking | D．sitting |
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| 小题6: | | A．Next | B．Every | C．Another | D．One |
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| 小题7: | | A．happens | B．ends up | C．lasts | D．returns |
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| 小题8: | | A．bravely | B．loudly | C．happily | D．carelessly |
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| 小题9: | | A．leave | B．watch | C．keep | D．shake |
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| 小题10: | | A．size | B．shape | C．strength | D．weight |
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| 小题11: | | A．bed | B．desk | C．shoulder | D．book |
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| 小题12: | | A．rest | B．position | C．action | D．side |
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| 小题13: | | A．memory | B．problem | C．question | D．purpose |
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| 小题14: | | A．thinking | B．working | C．walking | D．driving |
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| 小题15: | | A．changes | B．events | C．ideas | D．accidents |
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| 小题17: | | A．lucky | B．happy | C．calm | D．strong |
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| 小题18: | | A．in time | B．at first | C．as usual | D．for example |
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| 小题19: | | A．dust | B．grass | C．water | D．bush |
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| 小题20: | | A．lazy | B．drunk | C．lonely | D．tired |
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You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it．You do not need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let"s start with the wind blowing from behind．This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat．In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45° angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn"t flap (摆动)．It shouldn"t look like a flag on a flagpole．If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing against the wind is not possible．If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible, but you can"t go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
小题1:What should you consider first while sailing?| A．Sailors" strength. | B．Wave levels. | | C．Size of sails. | D．Wind directions. |
小题2:What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?| A．The boat. | B．The sail. | | C．The wind. | D．The angle. |
小题3:What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?| A．Move in a straight line. | B．Allow the sail to flap. | | C．Lower the sail. | D．Tack the boat. |
小题4:Where can you probably find the text?| A．In a popular magazine. | B．In a tourist guidebook. | | C．In a physics textbook. | D．In an official report. |
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