题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Spillover(影响，后果) actually means that the line between work and home began to become unclear. Work life may invade home life—when a parent is taking job-related calls at home, for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example, a child may call Mom at work, telling her “the microwave exploded”, explained Noelle Chesley, an assistant professor of society at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be they are allowing for ever more spillover between work and home.
This may be especially true for working women, the study found. Among men, consistent use of mobile phones seemed not to allow more work issues to creep(潜入) into family time. But for women, the spillover tended to go in both directions—being “connected” means that work cuts into home time, and family issues come into work life.
Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchange among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover, according to Chesley. Employers, she said, should look at their policies on contacting employees after working hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”. For their part, employees can decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.
小题1:Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “taking a toll on” in Paragraph l?
| A．Explaining | B．Protecting | C．Extending | D．Damaging |
| A．show the microwave is of poor quality |
| B．indicate how dependent the child is |
| C．indicate family issues affect work hours |
| D．show work time creeps into family life |
| A．Cell phones offer 24-hour availability. |
| B．Cell phones get life and work mixed. |
| C．Women don’t use cell phones in an effective way. |
| D．Men are better at dealing with family problems. |
| A．Curious | B．Positive | C．Subjective | D．Objective |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了手机的存在让人们无法把家庭和工作分开，在家里的时候也在谈工作，在工作的时候也会受到家里事务的影响。
小题1:D 推理题。根据本句The round-the-clock availability that cell phones have brought to people’s lives may be taking a toll on family life, 说明手机的存在已经破坏了家庭生活，因为老板可以利用手机向你布置任务，影响了你在工作以外了时间。故D正确。
小题2:B 推理题。根据本句For example, a child may call Mom at work, telling her “the microwave exploded”, explained Noelle Chesley是孩子对父母非常依赖，家里的东西坏了自己不会处理，立刻打电话告诉妈妈。故B正确。
小题3:B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段说明手机的存在让人们的工作和生活混在了一起，影响了人们的生活，故B正确。
小题4:D 推理题。根据文章最后一段But there may be ways to control the spillover, according to Chesley和For their part, employees can decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.都说明这样的观点收到人们的反对。故D正确。
点评：本文讲述了的手机混淆了家庭生活和工作。文章有一定的难度，测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
核心考点
试题【The round-the-clock availability that cell phones have brought to people’s lives】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.
The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.
Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Easterner cooking.
A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food.
The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.
The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).
The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat.
One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.
Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.
小题1:When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________.
| A．is splendidly decorated | B．has pleasant smells of kabobs |
| C．is crowded with dining tables | D．looks like a common restaurant |
| A．Watching news events on TV. |
| B．Drinking a kind of black coffee. |
| C．Reading local English newspapers. |
| D．Discussing world topics in low voices. |
| A．is served in small amounts | B．is rather expensive |
| C．is rich in variety | D．is very healthy |
| A．Rice. | B．Chicken | C．Bread | D．Beef |
| A．occupies a large space |
| B．owns a favorable location |
| C．is popular for its special food |
| D．has a quiet environment inside |
As the audience got larger, the technology got better. Television sets became more reliable through the 1960s. Both of the reception and the picture improved. The major networks started broadcasting programs in color.
Even greater improvements were coming according to Sanford Brown, who wrote an article for the Post in 1967. Surprisingly, just about every prediction he made in the article became a reality. For example: All sets in the notdistant future will be color instruments. He also predicted that TV sets would become smaller, simpler, more reliable and less expensive and may forever put the TV repairman out of work. Smaller sets do not, of course, mean smaller screens. TV engineers expect screens to get much bigger. However, today"s 3D TV is even farther away, if it"s coming at all. There is some doubt whether the public would be eager to pay for it, in view of people"s cold reception given to 3D movies.
But the technology with the greatest potential, according to Brown, was cable television (有线电视), which was still in its early stages then. As he predicted, the future of cable television was highly interactive. It wasn"t cable television that gave Americans their electronic connection to the world, however. It was the Internet. He even foresaw the future office: using picture phones, bigscreen televisions for conferences, and computers providing information, at the touch of a button.
Brown ever said, “The future of television is no longer a question of what we can invent. It"s a question of what we want.”
小题1:What can we infer about television sets in the 1960s?
| A．They were very popular with Americans. |
| B．Their appearance remained unchangeable. |
| C．They showed blackandwhite pictures. |
| D．Their pictures were of poor quality. |
| A．Television"s good quality. |
| B．The invention of 3D TV. |
| C．The more functions of TV. |
| D．The potential of cable TV. |
| A．TV will certainly take the place of computers |
| B．There won’t be further improvement on TV |
| C．TV repairmen will be out of work in the future |
| D．3D movies don’t appeal to people very much |
| A．The shortcomings of television. |
| B．The advantages of television. |
| C．The development of television. |
| D．The invention of television. |
There are a number of familiar theories. Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. Others highlight the stress that undocumented immigrants place on public services, like schools, hospitals, and jails. Still others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation"s fears and insecurities. There’s some truth to all these explanations, but they aren’t quite sufficient.
To get a better understanding of what’s going on, consider the way immigration’s impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants’ low-cost labor are businesses and employers —meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, these producers’ savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the competition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration has reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9%.
Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the financial burden of immigration. That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that financial burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants’ access to certain benefits.
The irony is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected — say, low-skilled workers, or California residents — the impact isn’t all that dramatic. “The unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions,” says Daniel Tichenor, a professor at the University of Oregon. “But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one.” Too bad most people don’t realize it.
小题1:What can we learn from the first paragraph?
| A．Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists. |
| B．The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it’s a different story. |
| C．The agreement among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged. |
| D．The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration. |
| A．It may change the existing social structure. |
| B．It may pose a threat to their economic status. |
| C．It may decrease .their financial burden. |
| D．It may place a great pressure on the state budget. |
| A．Even economists can’t reach an agreement about its impact. |
| B．Those who are opposed to it turn out to benefit most from it. |
| C．People are making too big a fuss about something of small impact. |
| D．There is no essential difference between seemingly opposite opinions. |
| A．A debate about whether to immigrate. |
| B．A debate about the impact of illegal immigrants. |
| C．The great impact of immigrants on the economy. |
| D．Opposition to illegal immigration. |
If that’s true for you, then accept it. You’re going through a particularly difficult or unhappy period of time, and you don’t like it one bit. Very normal, very human. But remember this: there is always something to be grateful for. It maybe only a small comfort right now, but it is a start. Make a list of some of the terrible things that didn’t happen. For example:
●You’re in debt...but you’re not homeless.
●You lost your job...but you didn’t lose your health.
●You broke your leg...but you didn’t break your neck.
●Your mother has Alzheimer’s disease...but your father doesn’t.
No matter how bad things are, they could always be worse. Start finding gratitude for what might have happened, but didn’t. It does help a lot. Of course, you may not be thankful for everything— but you can always be thankful for something.
小题1:The passage is intended for those who ________.
| A．have done a lot for others | B．have met with difficulties in life |
| C．have something to do in return | D．don’t know how to be thankful |
| A．understandable | B．necessary | C．impossible | D．helpful |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．To discuss ways to make a list of terrible things. |
| B．To explain what is gratitude towards the storms of life. |
| C．To persuade people to be thankful for what didn’t happen. |
| D．To show people different ways to consider their tough situations. |
| A．Explanation—Comparison—Topic |
| B．Argument—Opinion—Discussion |
| C．Comparison—Argument—Explanation |
| D．Introduction—Discussion—Conclusion |
Even men who remember Dustin Hoffman struggling as a father in the movie may have a hard time answering questions ranging from baby food to politics.
Tetsuya Ando, director of Fathering Japan, a Tokyo non-profit organization that came up with the test and will offer it to eager dads from next March, said the exam was an attracting way to get fathers into parenting. “There just isn"t enough information about parenting for fathers. Through the exam, we want men to realize that they don"t know anything about bringing up kids,” he said.
For the price of 3,900 yen ($34), fathers can find out whether they qualify as a “Super Dad,” or are in need of more effort as a “Challenge Dad.”
“We have received inquiries(咨询) from fathers, single men, to-be-dads, grandfathers ... even an aunt who was concerned that her nephew is too busy with work to notice the fun of parenting,” Ando said. The image of fathers is gradually changing in Japan as younger men eschew their own dads’ hands-off way in favor of closer involvement, and a wave of new parenting magazines for male readers has been hitting newsstands. But it is still hard for Japanese fathers to cut down on their work hours and spend more time with their families. Only 0.5 percent of employed men in Japan took parental leave in 2011, compared with 14 percent in the United States and 12 percent in Britain in 2000.
小题1:The “daddy exam” is intended to .
| A．test to – be – dads’ fatherhood knowledge |
| B．test Challenge Dad’s parenting knowledge |
| C．attract the whole society’s attention to parenting |
| D．have fathers realize their responsibility for their families |
| A．they almost know nothing about the questions |
| B．the questions only make sense to to – be – dads |
| C．there is ample information about parenting |
| D．it’s not a good way to get them into parenting |
| A．avoid | B．adopt | C．improve | D．admire |
| A．long to know how to do household chores |
| B．become more concerned about parenting |
| C．want to get high scores in the 50 – question test |
| D．like to know whether they are Challenge Dads |
| A．Japanese fathers show no interest in parenting |
| B．young Japanese men tend to set about parenting |
| C．young fathers value parenting less than their fathers |
| D．Japanese fathers value parenting more than British fathers |
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