题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Experts in psychology believe that for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and influence. Husbands who complain about their wives’ spending habits may be afraid that they are losing power in their marriage. Wives, on the other hand, may waste huge amounts of money because they are angry at their husbands. In addition, many people consider money a symbol of love. They spend it on their family and friends to express love, or they buy themselves expensive presents because they need love.
People can be addicted to different things — for example, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. They are compulsive in their addictions, i.e. they must satisfy these needs to feel comfortable. In the same way, according to psychologists, compulsive spenders must spend money. For people who buy on credit, furthermore, charge accounts are even more exciting than money: in other words, they feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasures in spending enormous amounts are actually greater than those they get from the things they buy.
There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.
It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business: they consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, etc. in their advertising and sales methods.
Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy(疗法)” to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money: they give them “assignments”. If a person buys something in every store that he enters, for instance, a therapist might teach him self-discipline in this way: on the first day of his therapy, he must go into a store, stay five minutes, and then leave. On the second day, he should stay for ten minutes and try something on. On the third day, he stays for fifteen minutes, asks the salesclerk a question, but does not buy anything. Soon he will learn that nothing bad will happen to him if he doesn’t buy anything, and he can solve the problem of his compulsive buying.
小题1:If you use charge accounts, ____.
A.you pay in cash | B.you pay with credit card |
C.you pay less than you should | D.you pay more than you should |
A.the things they buy are cheap |
B.they believe they can balance their budgets |
C.they get psychological satisfaction |
D.they really need the things they buy |
A.helping businessmen to increase their business |
B.helping compulsive spenders to buy less |
C.finding out how people will react if they are allowed to buy |
D.finding out what people will do in front of a bargain |
A.different things | B.their addictions |
C.charge accounts | D.their pleasures |
A.how you spend money reveals if you are psychologically healthy |
B.money is a necessity and will bring you happiness if you have much |
C.compulsive buying problems can be solved by taking some medicine |
D.all businessmen understand well the psychology of customers |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:A
解析
试题分析:文章讲述的是不同的消费方式和消费习惯能反映出消费者的性格特征和不同的心理需求。
小题1:事实细节题。根据第一段第一,二行Would you rather use charge accounts than pay cash?可知。选B。
小题2:事实细节题。 根据第五段Compulsive bargain hunters,however,often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap.可知选D。
小题3:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知。
小题4:词义猜测题。句意为他们花大量金钱的乐趣实际上比他们从买到的东西那得到的乐趣更多。所以是乐趣与乐趣相比,即pleasure,选D。
小题5:推理判断题。B项文中没有讲到,C项错在taking some medicine D项错在all businessmen。选A。
点评:本文是一篇很有趣的文章,介绍了关于理智消费的问题,本文有些难度,对于考生的能力要求较高,但只要认真细致阅读,并不难发现答案。可以先看题目再读文章,这样可以提高阅读的速度。
核心考点
试题【Are you a compulsive spender, or do you hold on to your money as long as possibl】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Some people call you their friends for the wrong reasons. These people are not really friends. They are superficial(表面上的) only “friends” on the outside, not the inside where it counts. Superficial friends only want to be your friends if it is to their advantage. True friends are there if you are rich or poor. It is easy to have many so-called “friends” if you are rich. By this time you should be able to separate your friends into the real or the “phoney”.
True friends are most special. They are also difficult to find. You can consider yourself very lucky if you have one true friend. This friend is eager to help you whenever necessary. He or she knows you would do the same for them. A true friend is someone you can talk to about any subject or problem. You and your true friend have good understanding of each other. True friends support you, take your side, and build up your confidence.
小题1:The first paragraph tells us _____.
A.how to make a true friend |
B.we should make friend in our childhood |
C.what is friendship based on |
D.friends play a very important part in our life |
A.What you value above anything is the friendship developing during childhood. |
B.The friendship developing during your school days will be with you for a long time. |
C.Only through your friends’ influence will you take the responsibility for your task. |
D.If you have no music in you, none of your friends will be a music lover. |
A.someone who only wants to be your friend when you are successful |
B.those who want to benefit from you |
C.the friends who are on the surface only |
D.all the above |
A.You should tell true friends from phoneys. |
B.True friendship is too difficult to find. |
C.You can share your joys and sorrows with a true friend. |
D.A true friend will stand by you whatever happens. |
Those middle managers and financial analysts from state-owned enterprises and global companies were not untalented or without opinions, but they had been accustomed to an educational system that rarely rewarded critical thinking or Originality. Papers were often copied from the Internet and the Harvard Business Review. Students insisted that copying was a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.
In China, you can see almost all kinds of products you can imagine have been made and sold, but so few well developed marketing and management minds have been produced that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand!
Partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established so as to solve the problem mentioned above. And there’s also the “thousand talent scheme”: this new government program is designed to improve technological modernization by inviting top foreign trained scientists to the mainland with large sums of money. But there are concerns about China’s research environment, which is known for lacking in encouraging independent thinking and inventiveness, and even high salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.
If China wants to become a major world creator, it is no good just seeking partnerships with top Western universities or gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It’s time to establish a rich learning environment for young minds. Yes, new way of learning is the key!
小题1:The author feels disappointed when the students hand in their plans because_____
A.there’s one group presenting a catering service. |
B.all groups followed his idea of restaurant chains. |
C.the students’ ideas were lacking in creativeness. |
D.the time limit had been rather challenging. |
A.China can make and sell all kinds of product all over the world |
B.High pay can solve the problem of China’s research environment |
C.Foreign trained scientists are expected to invent a Chinese brand |
D.The new government program is aimed at encouraging imagination |
A.Look for a New Way of Learning |
B.Develop MBA Students’ Creative Thinking |
C.Help China to Become a Creator |
D.Improve China’s Research Environment |
The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computer hackers(黑客)have broken down security(安全) system, raising questions about the safety of card holder information.
Several months ago, 25,000 customers of a CD universe, an online music retailer(批发商), were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Website after the retailer refused to pay US $ 157,828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against online fraud. Master-card is working on plans for Web only credit-card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping online. However , there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm’s online rules: under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $ 78 of any fraudulent spending. And shop only at secure sites: send your credit-card information only if the Website offers advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Website address may also start http://--the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe: most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your password with care.
小题1:The underlined word “fraud” in the first paragraph probably means ______.
A.cheating | B.sale | C.payment | D.use |
A.a great number of stolen credit-cards are sold on the Internet every day |
B.fraud on the Internet happens very often |
C.many Websites break down every day |
D.there are too many illegal Websites on the Internet |
A.because many customers lost their cards |
B.by paying money for people working in the information companies |
C.because of the carelessness of the customers |
D.by stealing the information from Websites |
A.the bank and the shop will suffer great losses |
B.you will not be able to get back your information |
C.you might suffer great losses |
D.the bank will answer for your loss |
A.How to Beat Online Credit-card Thieves |
B.How to Shop on the Internet |
C.Never Use Credit-card Without an Advanced Computer |
D.Why Thieves Steal Credit-card Information |
Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.
Professor John Beath, the president of the society, and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.
“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He added.
University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.
A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.
Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”
小题1:Professor John Beath’s lectures are .
A.given in a traditional way |
B.open to both students and their parents |
C.connected with the present situation |
D.warmly received by economics |
A.greater stability | B.higher pay |
C.fewer applications | D.better reputation |
A.economics should be the focus of school teaching |
B.more students should be admitted to universities |
C.children should solve financial problems themselves |
D.the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened |
A.have access to better equipment | B.wiser in money management |
C.confident about their future careers | D.get jobs in Child Trust Funds |
A.Universities have received more applications. |
B.College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty. |
C.Economics is attracting an increasing numbers students. |
D.Parents are concerned with children’s subject selection. |
But far from killing the industry, many young people today think Jobs has been a blessing (带来幸运的人), offering you instant, and selective access to a whole world of music.
Keith Staskiewicz at Enthertainment Weekly speaks for the feelings of many music lovers. He believes listening to MP3s rather than records or CDs “just save money” and doesn’t “remove the sense of discovery they get from new music”. Staskiewicz also argues that it’s wrong to blame Jobs and Apple for destroying anything. “Change is just part of the business,” Staskiewicz said. “No doubt in 50 years, Justin Bieber will complain about how kids don’t listen to ipods anymore.”
For now, though, it appears that music downloading is set to continue for the near future.
According to Summer Redstone, chairman of media company Viacom, iTunes has “resurrected(复兴) the music industry by creating a legal, affordable purchasing system for fans”.
But recent surveys suggested that, despite the “legalizing(合法化)” of music downloading through sites like iTunes, young people are still choosing to download music illegally. A report by Jupiter Research suggested that illegal downloading sites are used three times as much as legal ones. The problem, according to its analyst Mark Mulligan, is how today’s youth grow up viewing music as something they can get for free.
He said, “Unless the musci industry can shift these consumers while they are young away from free consumption to paid music formats(格式), they may never develop music purchasing behavior and the recording industry could suffer long-term harm.”
小题1:Which one is TRUE about young people nowadays?
A.They are music lovers and are willing to save money to enjoy music. |
B.The majority of them download music through legal sites like iTunes. |
C.They are most likely to go back to the store to buy albums in the near future. |
D.They are robbed of the change of enjoying music by Apple. |
A.legalize music downloading through sites like iTunes |
B.help young people get used to paying for music |
C.offer young people instant and selective access to a variety of music |
D.create an affordable purchasing system for fans |
A.How Steve Jobs and Apple destroyed the music industry. |
B.Why young people prefer downloading music to buying albums. |
C.The problem of illegal downloading of music. |
D.Different opinions on effects of music downloading. |
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