It is commonly believed that school is where people go to get education. _1 , it has been said that
today children _2 their education to go to school. The _3 between schooling and education suggested by this is important.
Education is _4 , compared with schooling. Education knows no _5 . It can take place _6 ,
whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the _7
learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of learning out of class. 8_ the experience of schooling can be known in advance, education quite often produces _9 . A chance talk with a 10
may lead to a person to discover how 11 he knows of another country. People obtain education
from 12 on. Education, 13 , is a very 14 and unlimited term. It is a lifelong experience that starts
long 15 the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one"s entire life. Schooling, on
the other hand, is a 16 experien
ce, whose style changes 17 from one way to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at the same time, take 18 seats, use similar textbooks, do homework,
and 18 , and so on. Schooling has usually been 20 by the edges of the subjects being taught.
( )2.A. understand
( )3.A. difference
( )4.A. unexpected
( )5.A. answers
( )6.A. anywhere
( )7.A. part-time
( )8.A. If
( )9.A. pride
( )10.A. neighbour
( )11.A. wonderfully
( )12.A. babies
( )13.A. still
( )14.A. long
( )15.A. that
( )16.A. basic
( )17.A. unusually
( )18.A. large
( )19.A. take exams
( )20.A. changed
B. need
B. importance
B. endless
B. ways
B. anywhere else
B. public
B. Because
B. surprises
B. friend
B. well
B. grown-ups
B. next
B. broad
B. when
B. strict
B. differently
B. new
B. hold exams
B. limited
C. enjoy
C. use
C. countless
C. edges
C. somewhere
C. standard
C. So
C. knowledge
C. foreigner
C. greatly
C. women
C. then
C. narrow
C. after
C. final
C. little
C. fixed
C. mark papers
C. chosen
D. interrupt
D. problem
D. simple
D. meanings
D. somewhere else
D. strict
D. Though
D. progress
D. teacher
D. little
D. men
D. yet
D. short
D. before
D. irregular
D. frequently
D. small
D. read papers
D. controlled
hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?
To be sure, people are different. You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain other people
do. If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would
be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better
players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some
seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job.
In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.
Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In
these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their
reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months,
another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.
B. that there are differences in people’s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players
D. that good basketball players can be good readers
B. take different forms of tests
C. have special help and practice
D. try different reading materials
B. almost all poor readers can make progress
C. causes of poor reading were difficult to find out
D. tests help people improve their reading ability
B. It means that many are the worst basket players.
C. It means that many are standing in the middle of the line.
D. It means that there are several levels of players in many students.
B. To suggest that readers should do practice only in reading.
C. To tell us that readers can’t improve their reading ability without special help.
D. To tell us that to be a good reader, one should be guided in the right way.
and real．You don"t show your secret personality when you"re awake because you can control your
behaviour，but when you"re asleep， your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night，of
course，people frequently change their position．The important position is the one that you go to sleep
in．
If you go to sleep on your back，you"re a very open person．You normally trust people and you are
easily influenced by fashion or new ideas．You don"t like to upset people，so you never express your real
feelings．You"re quite shy and you aren"t very confident．
If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive（不坦率的）person．You worry a lot
and you"re always easily upset．You"re very stubborn（顽固的），but you aren"t very ambitious．You
usually live for today not for tomorrow．This means that you enjoy having a good time．
If you sleep curled up（卷曲），you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion
of yourself and so you"re often defensive．You"re shy and you don"t normally like meeting people．You
prefer to be on your own．You"re easily hurt．
If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well-balanced personality．You know your
strengths and weaknesses．You"re usually careful． You have a confident personality．You sometimes
feel anxious，but you don"t often get depressed．You always say what you think even if it annoys
people．
B．only when you go to sleep
C．only when you refuse to show yourself to the world
D．only when you change sleeping position
B．He or she always likes new ideas earlier than others．
C．He or she is always easily upset．
D．He or she tends to believe in others．
her stomach？
B．He or she doesn"t want to stick to his or her opinion．
C．He or she can"t be successful in any business．
D．He or she likes to bring others happiness．
B．He or she is rarely ready to help you．
C．He or she prefers staying at home to going out．
D．He or she wouldn"t like to get help from you．
B．he or she is confident，but not stubborn
C．he or she has more strengths than weaknesses
D. he or she often considers annoying people
words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better
to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the
time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad
thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have
read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think,
some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises(出现)
from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into
the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.
There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true,
that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond
of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such
people, I must say so peculiar(奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were
sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or
covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl-friend.
No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believe
d that it was.
B. treated as a joke
C. made some changes by the parent
D. set in the present
B. heard for the first time
C. repeated too often
D. told in a different way h
B. develops their power of memory
C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of
D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs
B. there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales
C. people try to modernize old fairy stories
D. there is more concern for children"s fears nowadays
B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth
C. they are not interesting
D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach
with 2 (confident) and without hesitation. Thirdly, we must be able to read the language, and fourthly,
we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are 3 (grammatical) correct.
There is no easy way to succeed 4 language learning. 5 good memory is a great help, but it is
not enough only 6 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long
lists of words and their meanings, 7 (study) the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the
language. If we are 8 (satisfy) with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the
language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of advice for those 9 are studying a new language.
Practice is important. We must practise speaking and writing the language 10 we can.
Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep
than they ought to,” says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be
better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleep-lack crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century
ago. From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have
reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep
habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize
they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can manage with 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic.”
Perhaps the most cruel robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever
pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least
expensive item on their programme. “In our society, you’re considered energetic if you say you need only 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you have to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition.”
To determine the consequences of sleep-lack, researchers have put subjects through a set of
psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a
passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re lacking in sleep, performance
suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is weakened, so are abilities to make decisions and to
concentrate.”
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-lack.
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times.
C. The history of people’s sleeping patterns.
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours.
2. Which of the following is Dr. David’s opinion?
A. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don’t.
B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6.5 hours’ sleep a night.
C. If they get 8.5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition.
D. People’s performance becomes worse if they are lacking in sleep.
3. People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9.5 hours a night because __________.
A. they were forced by their parents to do so
B. they knew what was best for their health
C. they had no electricity
D. they were not so energetic and ambitious as modern people are
4. The major cause of sleep-lack of modern people is _______.
A. the endless TV programmes in the evenings and on the Internet
B. the heavy work load of the day
C. the enough energy modern people usually have
D. loud noises in the modern cities
5. What does the word “subject” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described.
B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school.
C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on.
D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler.
- 11945年8月15日，延安军民载歌载舞，欢庆胜利。这是庆祝（ ）A．百团大战胜利B．台儿庄战役胜利C．《双十协定》签订
- 2化学实验使同学们感受到化学的神奇魅力，做化学实验需要各种各样的实验装置．①写出编号仪器的名称：a______，b____
- 3在试管甲中放入15gKClO3，在试管乙中放入15gKClO3和一定量MnO2的混合物，分别加热并充分反应．下图对该实验
- 4阅读表达 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读文章，回答问题。One day the sun and the win
- 5在甲、乙、丙三种溶液中各含一种卤素离子，往甲中加淀粉和氯水，则溶液变为蓝色，再往丙中加淀粉和氯水，无明显现象。则甲、乙、
- 6These days the government has issued several economic polici
- 7估算：10的值（ ）A．在1和2之间B．在2和3之间C．在3和4之间D．在4和5之间
- 82012年最令人期待的天象当属金星凌日。金星的体积是地球的0．88倍，逆向自转（自东向西）。有时我们看到金星如一颗小黑痣
- 9如图，A、B、C、D都在同一个与水平面垂直的平面内，B、D为两岛上的两座灯塔的塔顶，测量船于水面A处测得B、D两点的仰角
- 10某个体基因型为Aa，让其连续自交三代，则后代中基因a的频率为[ ]A．12.5%B．25%C．50%D．无法估算
- 1下列不是声音的利用的是（ ）A．做广播操时，产生的回声影响做操B．蝙蝠夜间用回声定位C．外科医生用超声波震动除去人体结
- 2蚯蚓的身体是由许多彼此相似的______构成的，称为______动物．蚯蚓身体分节，能使其躯体运动______．蚯蚓体壁
- 3在298K、101kPa时，已知：H2O(g) === H2O(l)；△H1C2H5OH(g) ="==" C2H5O
- 4若△ABC的面积是2，cosA=，则（ ）。
- 5下列物态变化中，展于液化现象的是（ ）A．湿衣服变干B．戴眼镜的人装开水时，镜片变模糊C．冬天，水结成冰D．放芹衣箱里
- 6下列说法不正确的是 [ ]A．天然纤维就是纤维素B．生产合成纤维的主要原料是石油、天然气、煤和农副产品 C．化学
- 7对于达到平衡状态的可逆反应：N2 +3H2 2NH3，下列有关叙述正确的是A．N2和NH3的质量分数相等B．N2、H2
- 8分别处在第二、三周期的主族元素X和Y，它们离子的电子层相差两层.已知X处于第m族，Y处于第n族，X只有正化合价，则X、Y
- 9一演员表演飞刀绝技，由O点先后抛出完全相同的三把飞刀，分别垂直打在竖直木板上M、N、P三点．假设不考虑飞刀的转动，并可将
- 10【题文】下列各图属于分布我国云贵高原地区典型地貌的是（ ）