题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Yet those who attended the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems last month were introduced to Cody, a robot that can bathe human beings.
The robot has a base that can be turned to all directions, two humanlike arms, and movable wrists (腕). It uses a camera to locate parts of the human body. It then uses bath gloves to clean with a little pressure.
The robot was designed at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Charles Kemp of the Healthcare Robotics Lab is the senior researcher for the project. In a test run, Cody was able to remove 96% of a test subject"s dirt—not bad for a robot.
But don"t go asking for Cody yet—he"s still a model. Yet researchers believe that one day Cody may take the place of nurses for this task. Researchers say that Cody will give patients dignity and protect their personal information. I suppose that would depend on the patient. I"m not sure whether a robot using a camera would make me feel very dignified.
Even so, I can appreciate the need. We don"t have enough nurses to go around, and those places that are the most shorthanded, for example, nursing homes, are those that have the most patients who are unable to bathe themselves. Still, before I get there, I hope they think of a better way to solve the problem.
小题1:The writer thinks bathing others must ________.
| A．be a lot of fun |
| B．make you feel thankful |
| C．take a lot of patience |
| D．make you feel dignified |
| A．Why and where Cody was designed. |
| B．What Cody looks like and who designed it. |
| C．What Cody can do and where it will work soon. |
| D．How Cody works and what has made that possible. |
| A．Cody can bathe patients better than a real nurse can |
| B．robots like Cody are being produced in large numbers right now |
| C．Cody can take the place of nurses completely in hospitals |
| D．researchers think Cody can protect patients" personal information |
| A．people are becoming lazier |
| B．it can bring down the cost of nursing |
| C．there are not enough nurses |
| D．there are too many nursing homes |
| A．acceptable but not perfect |
| B．strange but not creative |
| C．clever and strong |
| D．lovely and careful |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:A
解析
文章大意：美国科研人员设计出一种能给卧床不起的病人洗澡的机器人。
小题1:答案：C 细节理解题。从第一段的“I would imagine that it would take a lot of... patience to do so”可知C项正确。
小题2:答案：D 主旨大意题。第三段的第一句话介绍了机器人的部件，后两句介绍了它是如何工作的，正是前面所述的这些部件使得机器人得以工作。
小题3:答案：D 细节理解题。从第五段的“Researchers say that Cody will... protect their personal information”可知D项正确。
小题4:答案：C 细节理解题。从最后一段的“We don"t have enough nurses to go around, and those places that are the most shorthanded...”可知答案为C项。
小题5:答案：A 作者观点题。从第五段的最后一句和最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知A项说明了作者的态度。
核心考点
试题【We can make all the jokes we want about taking baths ourselves, but if we are il】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture. Comparing identical twins, who share all their DNA and their upbringing, with nonidentical twins, who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters, is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics.
The results, published in the Journal of Personality, showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle, with selfcontrol particularly etched (铭刻) into our DNA.
Our genes also largely determine how determined and persistent we are. This is important in terms of success, as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone_who_throws_in_the_towel_at_the_first_hiccough.
Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said, “Ever since the ancient Greeks, people have debated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life. Why do some people seem to manage their lives, have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not? Previously, the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people"s ideas about what affected psychological wellbeing. However, this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics.”
However, those who haven"t been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn"t be too depressed. The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference.
小题1:What does the result of the research indicate?
| A．Our DNA is the only factor to decide our traits. |
| B．Our DNA plays a decisive role in achieving success. |
| C．Education plays little part in the formation of our character. |
| D．Society has little effect on us in our personality. |
| A．is born successful |
| B．determines to make a difference |
| C．makes great effort |
| D．admits defeat easily |
| A．some people can live a good life because they can manage their lives |
| B．people haven"t made it clear yet what is the key personality trait to be a success |
| C．in ancient Greece the role of family and the environment was ignored |
| D．the relationship between personality and success has always been people"s concern |
| A．determination | B．kindness |
| C．politeness | D．sociability |
| A．How do people work hard? |
| B．Why can some people succeed? |
| C．DNA determines success or failure. |
| D．Several factors determine personality. |
Firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. Just put the main idea down, such as “Discover more about dinosaurs.”
Next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list information like the sentences below：
1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.
2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.
3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.
Thirdly, ask yourself “What can I do with what I want to learn？” On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：
1. What"s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?
2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?
3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?
Fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you"ll probably discover some new questions.
For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.
The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always bring more questions.
小题1:While doing some research, you should take the following steps________.
①list what you want to know
②choose a research subject
③list what you already know
④discover new problems
| A．①④③② | B．①②④③ |
| C．②③①④ | D．②①④③ |
| A．Taking your list of questions with you to do more research. |
| B．Writing down your list of questions before turning to the computer. |
| C．Discussing your questions with your classmates for solution. |
| D．Putting your questions aside before going to the library. |
| A．You can find all the answers online. |
| B．Learn more, and you"ll have no questions. |
| C．Asking questions is the only way for research. |
| D．During the research, more questions may arise. |
| A．Discovering Dinosaurs |
| B．Asking Good Questions |
| C．Finding Suitable Subjects |
| D．Having Interesting Answers |
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly—but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man"s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man"s skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn"t done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn"t died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.
小题1:The underlined word “these” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
| A．letters | B．photographs |
| C．paintings | D．objects |
| A．Ice and low temperature |
| B．Acid and water |
| C．Soil and energy |
| D．Bacteria and oxygen |
| A．“Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him. |
| B．Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence. |
| C．“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England. |
| D．“Lindow Man” was good at work by hand. |
| A．An Amazing Archaeological Discovery |
| B．Archaeology and History |
| C．What Is Archaeology? |
| D．The Death of “Lindow Man” |
When a bird flaps(振翅) its wings, it stirs the air around it and causes it to move indifferent directions. Scientist found in the study that the air creates an upward-moving wave at the tips of the wings, which means that if a bird flies around the wingtips of another bird, it can get a boost（抬高） from the rising air and therefore use less energy to stay in the air.
Apart form the "free ride" strategy, scientists were also surprised to observe that migrating birds timed their wing beats and adjusted their positions in a very precise way to maximize the lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air move downward.
"They"re able to sense what"s going on from the bird in front, where this "good air" is coming from and now how to position themselves perfectly in it," lead researcher Steven Portugal told BBC.
In fact, the "V" formation has long thought to help birds fly more efficiently(效率搞地). A previous study showed that birds" heart rates went down when they were flying together in a "V" formation. Jet fighters were also found to be able reduce their energy use by up to 18% by staying near the wingtips of other jet fighters. Both of these findings led scientists to suspect that the "V" formation had an efficiency purpose, but until now they still lack proof.
"For scientists, the new study provides an insight into an interesting natural phenomenon. But it could mean even more for aircraft companies — helping them understand how they can imitate that with their plane formations to save fuel, said Portugal."
小题1:What is the author"s purpose in writing this article?
| A．To explain how birds benefit from migration. |
| B．To introduce how migrating birds find their way. |
| C．To tell some applications of migrating birds" "V" formations. |
| D．To report new findings about migrating birds" "V" formations. |
| A．they don"t change their lead birds during the whole journey |
| B．they fly in "V" formations to protect themselves against enemies |
| C．they form the shape of a "V" to make best use of the lifting effect |
| D．the air they stir around makes it hard for the birds behind to fly fast |
| A．It might inspire aircraft companies to think of ways to improve efficiency. |
| B．It has proved that the "V" formation can improve in efficiency in many fields, |
| C．It has led scientists to discover that birds" heart rates go down when they fly in a "V". |
| D．It shows that the best formation of jet fighters in battle should be a "V" formation. |
| A．use | B．copy | C．change | D．learn |
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup，and clean up the fallen leaves，and thus，prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area．Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性)，as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进)the growth of seeds of certain plant species．Apart from these，responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent．In fact，we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent，besides causing severe damage to valuable trees．Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide，etc)，and therefore increase pollution and global warming．However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem，and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction．But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem，which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires·
小题1:What may be the best title for this passage?
| A．Control and Prevention of Forest Fires |
| B．How to Keep Ecological Balance |
| C．Effects of Forest Fires |
| D．Methods of Fire Spread Control |
| A．keep close monitoring of forest fires |
| B．prevent the forest fire from occurring |
| C．protect the animals there |
| D．stop the wildfire from spreading |
| A．burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean |
| B．help keep ecological balance of nature |
| C．reduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spread |
| D．provide reasonable conditions for some plants’growth |
| A．a new forest will appear soon |
| B．it promotes the development of some seeds |
| C．nature keeps its balance only by wildfires |
| D．it makes the trees grow faster than before |
| A．the greenhouse gases are caused mainly by wildfires |
| B．wildfires have both positive and negative effects |
| C．people should be aware of the necessity of wildfires |
| D．all the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires |
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