题目
题型：北京高考真题难度：来源：
girls" poor performance in science and mathematics?
It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct cause. Mathematics and science are seen
as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them.
Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult. Yet it has been
suggested that girls do not take mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social
reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less
feminine (女性的) and attractive. However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have
taken mathematics courses, there are still more high-achieving boys than there are girls. This difference
appears to be world-wide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other
explanations too. Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much
earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are enoouraged to work on their own and
to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding (杰出的) mathematicians and scientists have not had
teachers who supplied answers.
Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect their boy students
to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference
between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer
questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys
for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more
frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and mathematics and to give
them confidence (信心) that they are able to succeed.
Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and science courses,
nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens
the difference between boys and girls.
B. science courses make them more popular
C. science courses make them successful
D. science courses are difficult for them
achievements.
B. historical
C. social
D. personal
B. To play the leading role in class.
C. To work with girl students in class.
D. To learn to take care of others .
B. They started learning mathematics at an earlier age.
C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.
D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in mathematics.
B. boys and girls are equal in general intelligence
C. girls are more confident in themselves than before
D. girls should take fewer science courses than boys
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 If there is no difference in general intelligence (智力) between boys an】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
When the fragment (碎片)landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by
scientists here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss
our plant, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth. The news has caused panic.
On 17 July, a fragment four kilometers wide enters the Earth"s atmosphere with a huge explosion. About
half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the
speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes
towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and
millions of people are drowned. The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth, but the north won"t escape for long.
Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of
dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight
for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The
dinosaurs (恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly
disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldn"t
survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end?
B. All the coastal cities in African are destroyed.
C. The whole mankind becomes extinct.
D. The visit of the comet results in wars.
B. Because they once dominated the Earth.
C. Because their extinction indicates future disasters.
D. Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.
B. prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed
C. tell the historical development of the Earth
D. warn of a possible disaster in the future
B. news report
C. research paper
D. article of popular science
two weeks. When he came to analyse their embarrassing errors, he was surprised to find that nearly all
of them fell into a few groups.
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her pet dog her
ear-rings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear."the explanation for this is that the brain is like a
computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It
was the woman"s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her ear-rings.
But somehow the action got reversed (颠倒) in the programme." About one in twenty of the incidents
the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures."
Twenty per cent of all errors were "test failures"-primarily due to not verifying the progress of what
the body was doing. A man about to get his car out of the garage passed through the back yard where his
garden jacket and boots were kept, put them on --- much to his surprise. A woman victim reported:" I got
into the bath with my socks on."
The commonest problem was information " storage failures". People forgot the names of people whose
faces they knew, went into a room and forgot why they were there, mislaid something, or smoked a
cigarette without realizing it.
The research so far suggests that while the "central processor" of the brain is liberated from
second-to-second control of a well-practised routine, it must repeatedly switch back its attention at
important decision points to check that the action goes on as intended. Otherwise the activity may be
"captured" by another frequently and recently used programme, resulting in embarrassing errors.
B. to classify and explain some errors in human actions
C. to find the causes which lead to computer failures
D. to compare computer functions with brain workings
B. A man returning home after work left his key in the lock.
C. A lady fell as she was concentrating on each step her feet were taking.
D. An old man, with his shoes on, was trying to put on his socks.
B. changing
C. checking
D. stopping
B. the elimination of one"s total memory
C. the temporary loss of part of one"s memory
D. the separation of one"s action from consciousness
shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the non-judgmental listeners
needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals
(ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop
literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. "Literacy specialists admit that children who read
below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-
respect, and regard reading as a headache," said Lisa Myton, manager of the children"s department.
Last November the two groups started "Dog Day Afternoon in the children"s department of the main
library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour.
Those who attended three of the four classes received a "pawgraphed" book at the last class.
The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April. According to Dana Thumpowsky,
public relations manager.
B. Advantages of raising dogs.
C. Service in a public library.
D. A special reading program.
B. children can play with dogs while reading
C. dogs can provide encouragement for shy children
D. children and dogs understand each other
B. accepts the idea put forward by ITA
C. has opened a children"s department
D. has decided to train some dogs
B. a book written by the children
C. a prize for the children
D. a gift from parents
the American economy in recent years, you would probably have to start with the Wall Street firms
that brought us the financial crisis. From there, you might move on to the automakers in Detroit.
But I would suggest that the list should also include a less obvious nominee: public education.
At its top level, the American system of higher education may be the best in the world. Yet in
terms of its core mission-turning teenagers into educated college graduates-much of the system is
failing.
The United States does a good job enrolling (招生) teenagers in college, but only half of the
students who enroll end up with a bachelor"s degree.
So identifying the causes of the college dropout crisis in the world"s largest economy matters
enormously, and a new book called "Crossing the Finish Line" tries to do precisely that. Its authors
are economists William Bowen and Michael McPherson, and a doctoral candidate Matthew Chingos.
The first problem they diagnose is something they call under-matching. It refers to students who
choose not to attend the best college they can get into. They instead go to a less selective one, perhaps
one that is closer to home or less expensive. About half of the low-income students with a grade-point
average of at least 3.5 in high school and an SAT score of at least 1,200 do not attend the best college
they could have. "I was really astonished by the degree to which well-qualified students from poor
families under-matched," said Mr. Bowen.
In fact, well-off students attend the colleges that do the best job of producing graduates. Meanwhile,
lower-income students-even when they are better qualified-often go to colleges that excel (擅长) in
producing drop-outs. "It"s really a waste," Mr. Bowen said, "and a big problem for the country." As the
authors point out, the only way to lift the college graduation rate significantly is to lift it among poor and
working-class students. Instead, it appears to have fallen.
What can be done? Money is clearly part of the answer.
financial crisis according to this passage?
B. Public education.
C. The Detroit automakers.
D. The Wall Street firms.
B. Many colleges are experiencing low rate of graduation.
C. Many college students stay away from classes.
D. It is hard for many colleges to get financial aid from the government.
B. Because they face ambition crisis.
C. Because they lack confidence.
D. Because they can"t get guidance.
B. America"s financial crisis, its cause and influence
C. low rate of American college graduation, its cause and its influence
D. relationship between American education and its economy
hand, you"re holding a conventionally grown Granny Smith apple. In your other hand, you have one that"s
been organically grown. Both apples are firm, shiny and green. Both provide vitamins and fiber, and both
are free of fat, sodium and cholesterol.
The conventionally grown apple costs less and is a proven family favorite. But the organic apple has a
label that says "USDA Organic". Does that mean it"s better? Safer? More nutritious? Several differences
between organic and non-organic foods exist. Become a better informed consumer for your next trip to the
supermarket.
The word "organic" refers to the way farmers grow and process agricultural products, such as fruits,
vegetables, grains, dairy products and meat. Organic farming practices are designed to encourage soil and
water conservation and reduce pollution. Farmers who grow organic produce and meat don"t use conventional
methods to fertilize, control weeds or prevent livestock disease.
Here are other differences between conventional farming and organic farming: