题目
题型：江西省月考题难度：来源：
expressions - and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why .
Rachael Jack , University of Glasgow researcher , said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的)
across a face as Westerners do , Easterners fix their attention on the eyes .
" We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions ,
" Jack said . " Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure , while Easterners favor the
eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth ."
According to Jack and her colleagues , the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is
more complex than previously believed . As a result , facial expressions that had been considered
universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations .
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the
eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of
expressive faces and put them into categories : happy , sad , surprised , fearful , disgusted , angry , or
neutral . They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular
eye movement str
ategies .It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more
errors than Westerners did . " The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a
reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions , " Jack said . " Our data suggest that whereas
Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion , Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less ."
In short , the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion . From here
on , examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of
human emotion . Otherwise , when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures , Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation .
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in reco
gnizing facial expressionsB. To get their faces impressive
C. To classify some face pictures
D. To observe the researchers" faces
B. The researchers of the study
C. The errors made during the study
D. The data collected from the study
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
答案
核心考点
举一反三
depression,panic,confusion and extreme isolation when they are forced to keep away from technology
for a day.The study concluded that "most students failed to go the full 24 hours without media". They
have been addicted to the modem technology.
[2] In this research, almost 1,000 university students from 12 campuses in 10 countries, including Britain, America and China, have been interviewed. Most of them were unable to avoid technology for one full
day. The researchers concluded that, college students at campuses across the globe admitted being
"addicted" to modem technology such as mobile phones, laptops and televisions as well as social
networking such as Facebook and Twitter. An American college student told of his great desire when he
was forced to keep away from the media. He even said it "cocaine addiction".
[3]The research also found students used "nearly the same words to describe their reactions when they
were away from the media". These included emotions such as confusion,anxiety, insecurity, jealousness,
anger, loneliness, dependence and depression.
[4] Professor Susan Moeller, who led the research, said technology had changed the students" relationships. "Students talked about how seary(可怕的) it was when there is no technology, how addicted they
were to it," she said. "They expected the frustration without the media. But they didn"t expect to have the
psychological effects, to be lonely, to be panicked, the anxiety, literally heart palpitations (心悸).
Technology provides the social network for young people today and they have spent their entire lives
being "plugged in " . "
____________________________________________________________________________
2.How will most students feel if they keep away from technology for 24 hours? (no more than 9 words)
________________________________ ____________________________________________
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
4.What does the underlined word "These" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
5.Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 2 words)
The youth have access to social network nowadays with the help of ________which they are
addicted to and can"t get away from.
of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person.
Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of
several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents" genes. Except
for identical twins (同卵双胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique!
You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life.These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.
But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.
Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a
different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount.
Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more
likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.
Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are
thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee
jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.
We could ask, "Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?" Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.
B. How we turn out depends on our parents" genes.
C. Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world.
D. Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are.
B. To discover what shapes us as individuals.
C. To compare differences between twins.
D. To study brother-and-sister relationships.
B. non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex
C. twins separated at birth behave exactly the same
D. identical twins are genetically the same
B. Eye-sight.
C. Pain resistance.
D. Marriage patterns.
B. Our attitude to risk-taking.
C. Our skill at bungee jumping.
D. Our ability to take drugs.
paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology (生物技术). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and
war. Today"s leading killers, such as heart diseases, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memory.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the
change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human
brains were known to decide the final death. Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things, and
until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the
basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be
broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point
at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs(器官). The
medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so
on-in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic conditional
human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging
D. heart diseases and war
B. the internet
C. brain cells
D. human organs
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
B. human have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C. much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D. we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells.
The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at
work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said,
"Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee"s attention."
"People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention," Coker said on the university"s website.
"Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a
higher total Internet attention for a day"s work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率)," he
said.
According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the
Interne t for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are
searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching
videos. "Firms spend a lot of money on software to block their employees from watching videos, using
social networking sites or shopping online," said Coker. "That"s not always a good idea."
However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or
were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. "Those who spend too much
time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without." he said.
B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.
C. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.
D. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people"s life.
B. surfing the Internet is the best way to increase productivity
C. workers should have a long break during office hours
D. workers should let their minds rest now and then
B. Reading online news.
C. Reading online novels.
D. Playing online games.
B. organize
C. protect
D. separate
B. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.
C. Most people don"t surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.
D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.
English, but this is not the case. American English is in general quite different from UK English. The main
differences relate to the use of certain words and to spelling. American English is much more phonetic(与发音近似的)than UK English and in American English a "z" or a "c" is often used where an "s" would be
used in British English.
Words can vary in different types of English as well. An "estate agent" in UK English is someone who
works in "real estate" in American English. British people talk of "rubbish" while the Americans call this
"garbage". The UK people have "bins", but the Americans have "dumpsters".
The differences between these ways of using English make translating works into English a difficult
business. There are translation tools available on the Internet, but these can often translate words in a very direct way and the end result is a sentence that has lost its meaning.
The best way of translating any written piece of work into the English language is to first decide what
kind of English you want the piece to be translated into. For example, if it is for a British market, then use
the UK English. For the best result, always use some kind of spelling and grammar checker so you can
make sure that you are using the proper terms, spelling and vocabulary.
B. There are differences between different kinds of English.
C. American English is different from British English only in spelling.
D. It"s easier to learn British English than to learn American English.
B. argue
C. replace
D. compare
B. we should never translate words into English in a direct way
C. translating works into English is not difficult
D. online translation tools are not so useful
B. The differences between British English and American English.
C. What we should do when translating something into English.
D. When we should use British English or American English.
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