题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
It doesn’t seem to make sense. How come someone with such an IQ score is not considered smart? Researchers say: IQ does not tell the whole story. Some people have high IQ scores, but still they can be poor thinkers and decision-makers.
Keith Stanovich, a Canadian professor of human development and applied psychology, has been looking into the “clever fools” phenomenon for 15 years. He says IQ tests are very good at measuring certain mental faculties(能力), including logic, learning ability, working-memory capacity (how much information you can hold in mind), etc. Those faculties play a part in one’s academic success, but rational thinking is more important for us to make good judgments in real-life situations.
IQ tests fail to work when it comes to rational thinking. That’s because they are unable to assess things such as a person’s ability to weigh up information, or whether an individual can set aside the cognitive biases(认知偏差)that may be misleading.
“A high IQ is like height in a basketball player,” says David Perkins, who studies thinking and reasoning skills at Harvard University. “It is very important, all other things being equal. But all other things aren’t equal. It takes a lot more to be a good basketball player than being tall, and it takes a lot more to be a good thinker than having a high IQ.”
小题1:According to the text your academic success depends on your __________.
| A．logic | B．mental faculties | C．learning ability | D．working-memory capacity |
| A．IQ scores | B．IQ test | C．rational thinking | D．cognitive biases |
| A．the former president George W. Bush has a high IQ score |
| B．many Americans think their former president George W. Bush is smart |
| C．David Perkins believe that a person’s IQ doesn’t need to be developed |
| D．Keith Stanovich looked into the “clever fools” phenomenon 5 years ago |
| A．Those who have high IQ do better than those who don’t in everything. |
| B．People with high IQ scores must be good decision-makers |
| C．People with high IQ scores are always smart in every way. |
| D．Why a high IQ doesn’t mean you’re smart |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:A
小题1:D
解析
核心考点
试题【If you ask Americans whether or not they think their former president George W. 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
小题1:The moon is an unfriendly place because .
| A．there is no air, no water, no life, no scenery | B．the sun and stars shine in the sky |
| C．temperature breaks rock away | D．all of the above |
| A．man | B．air | C．sound | D．water |
| A．the earth looks like a colored ball |
| B．we can enjoy the scenery on the moon |
| C．every inch of the moon is very hot |
| D．the extreme temperature breaks rocks away from the surface of mountains |
| A．sometimes | B．always | C．without break | D．frequently |
| A．An Unfriendly and Friendly Place | B．The Geography of the Moon |
| C．Moon, a Silent World | D．The Moon |
I’m a friendly little bug, to be honest, and simply like to be close with my pals as long as they handle me very gently. I don’t bite humans but I do sink my teeth into aphids (蚜虫) which, unlike me, are very harmful to all the plants. I milk the aphids just like people do with cows and I milk them dry of all the sap (汁) they have got from your poor plants. I’m a real gardeners’ friend and love helping out around the place by pollinating (授粉) flowers, tidying up plants’ fallen leaves and helping to turn them into nice rich fertilizer to feed everything both above and below the soil, and naturally, being so attractive to look at, we are perfect living garden decorations.
One thing I can not tolerate
is all that poisonous pollution from vehicles, garbage burning and other environmentally unfriendly acts that occur in the cities every single minute of the day and night. Pollution of any kind really chokes me to death, so these days, I only live in clean countryside areas, particularly cool ones where it rains and everything grows fresh and green from spring right through to autumn. In winter, when the weather is too cold for me to bear, then I find a nice place to sleep until the snow has gone and I can come back out to play.Oh! I almost forgot to tell you that although I am not a bird I do have wings and can fly for short distances. So if you pick me up and let me run up and down your hands and arms, then please don’t frighten me by screaming if I suddenly decide to take off!
小题1:What makes Lucy the Ladybird suffer most?
| A．Heavy rains. | B．Cold weather. |
| C．Air pollution. | D．Aphids. |
a. its appearance b. its influence on plantsw8G
c. its habitat d. its food
e. the origin of its name
| A．a; c | B．a; b; c | C．a; b; d; e | D．a; b; c; d |
| A．It belongs to the insect family. |
| B．It does harm to all growing plants. |
| C．It lives on the liquid of plants. |
| D．It can fly a long distance. |
| A．a self –introduction by a lady named Lucy |
| B．description of a ladybird’life |
| C．letter of praise for a gardener |
D．a speech made by a woman on ladybirds |
During the hours when you labour through your work, you __37___ say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is ___38____. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered __39___ this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues （自言自语）__40___ “Get up , John ! You’ll be late for work again!” The ___41___ explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and —energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ___42___ when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your ___43___, but you can make your life ___44___ it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late ___45___. Counteract （打乱）your cycle to some extent by ___46___ staying up later than you want to . If your energy is ___47___ in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, ___48___ before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam(打起精神) and work better ___49___.
Get off to a slow start ___50___ saves your energy. Get up with a yawn （呵欠）and ___51___ . Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before ___52____ on the floor. Avoid the ___53___ search for clean clothes by laying them out ___54___. Whenever possible , do routine （常规的）work in the afternoon and save tasks ___55____ more energy for your sharper hours .
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Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments. But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years. Some scientists said parts of the world do have problems, but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations. Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems. These complex systems help control water quality. The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appeared to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty-two experiments and observed forty-eight protected areas. They also looked at records of catches worldwide. They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for nineteen fifty to two thousand three. And they examined archeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas. That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings were, in his words, "beyond anything we suspected." But he also said the situation is not too late to correct. He said that with good fisheries management, some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
小题1:Which of the following isn’t the damage to the ocean?
| A．The species of fish in the ocean are reducing. |
| B．Sea water is polluted. |
| C．Sea water quality is improved. |
| D．Less productivity of ecosystem. |
| A．unbearable | B．unbelievable |
| C．doubtful | D．Convincing |
| A．was conducted by scientists from Canada |
| B．referred to information of many countries |
| C．lasted from 1950 to 2003 |
| D．referred to records dating back to over 1,000 years ago. |
| A．It’s too late to take action to improve the situation. |
| B．Some species will recover with efforts. |
| C．Boris Worm hopes that people take the warning serious. |
| D．Boris Worm shows great concern about ecosystem. |
"They can feel disoriented and depressed. They find things are not exactly the way they were when they left," said Antonio Jimenez, director of the Center for International Affairs at California State University Channel Islands in Camarillo, California, US. "They find that people don"t care much about their experiences."
Some colleges are now rethinking their approach to study abroad, recognizing that students might need almost as much help adjusting to life back home as they did getting ready to leave: students experience a sort of reverse culture shock when they return to the US.
They might be troubled by the wealth and waste they see back home or they might feel homesick for their new country and its customs. And when they try to talk about their experiences, people quickly lose interest, especially if they haven"t lived abroad themselves.
Down the road, they also might find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience that an employer finds attractive.
Some California universities have organized conferences to help students make the most of their time abroad. During a one-day event, students learn how to adjust after living abroad, talk about their experiences and incorporate them into their lives and future careers.
Blythe Cherney, 22, a senior who has studied in Thailand and Britain, found the workshops helpful.
"Any experience abroad does have an effect on you," Cherney said. "When you come back, it"s important to talk about it, especially with people who know what you"ve been through."
Yet most universities focus more on preparation than reorientation. When students return, they might have a welcome home reception. But for the most part, universities figure students can fend for themselves.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT the trouble that students face when they return from studying overseas?
| A．Culture shock | B．Homesick for their new country |
| C．Losing interest in their homeland | D．Difficult transition |
| A．pleased with | B．dissatisfied with |
| C．indifferent with | D．proud of |
| A．conferences where people share their experiences |
| B．buildings where machines are made |
| C．shops where books are bought |
| D．labs where experiments are conduct |
| A．They will easily find a good job. |
| B．People are very interested in their experiences. |
| C．They have to waste time and money. |
| D．They are confused and disappointed. |
| A．Overseas students experience culture shock in foreign countries. |
| B．Some universities offer to help students in need. |
| C．Returned students find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience. |
| D．Returning from studying overseas, students face more trouble than they expected. |
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