题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
According to the study,global warming ranks among the most serious threats to the planet’s biodiversity and,under some conditions,may be more than that due to deforestation.This study provides even stronger scientific evidence that global warming will result in catastrophic(灾难性的)species losses across the planet.Last month,a UN study said humans were responsible for the worst extinction and urged extra efforts to reach a UN target of slowing the rate of losses by 2010.
Scientists disagree about how far global warming is to blame compared with other human threats such as deforestation,pollution and the introduction of some species to new habitats.But the new study looks at the 25 “hot spots”—areas that contain a big concentration of plants and animals—and predicts that 11.6 percent of all species,with a range from 1 to 43 percent,could be driven to extinction if levels of heat trapping gases in the atmosphere were to keep rising in the next 100 years.
The range would mean the loss of thousands of species.The study gave a wide range because of uncertainties, for instance, about the ability of animals or plants to move towards the poles if the climate warmed. Rare plants,tortoises or birds found only on the southern tip of Africa cannot move south because the nearest land is thousands of miles away in Antarctica.
小题1:According to the passage,which of the following about Australia is TRUE?
A.Australia possesses the richest species in the world. |
B.Australia is the country with the highest rate of extinction. |
C.The species in the southwest of Australia will be easily affected by global warming. |
D.Australia will have the highest temperature in the world. |
A.are rich in plants and animals |
B.are lacking in natural resources |
C.lost most of their plants in 2010 |
D.will be much hotter than the rest of the world |
A.north | B.east | C.west | D.south |
A.Australia Named as Extinction”Hot Spot” |
B.Global Warming and Species Extinction |
C.Global Warming is Number One Killer |
D.Australia on the Edge of Extinction |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:文章讲述了澳大利亚的25个热点地区和因为全球气温变暖和物种灭绝的问题。
小题1:细节题:从第一段的句子:The southwest of Australia has been named as one of 25”hot spots” for future species extinction(灭绝)because of global warming.可知因为气温变暖澳大利亚的西南部的植物动物有可能灭绝。选C
小题2:推理题:从第二段的句子:But the new study looks at the 25 “hot spots”—areas that contain a big concentration of plants and animals可知25个热点地区富含植物和动物。选A
小题3:推理题:从最后一段的句子:Rare plants,tortoises or birds found only on the southern tip of Africa cannot move south because the nearest land is thousands of miles away in Antarctica. 可知如果气候变暖,澳大利亚的动物会向南迁移。选D。
小题4:主旨题:文章讲述了澳大利亚的25个热点地区和因为全球气温变暖和物种灭绝的问题。选B
点评:文章难度适中,题目集中考查推理题,如1,2题,要求考生根据题目要求,在文章中准确定位。进行推理。
核心考点
试题【The southwest of Australia has been named as one of 25”hot spots” for future spe】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Instead of annoyed, she decided to do something about it.She organized a one woman litterawareness campaign.She started small,chatting with her neighbors about litter—and asking them to be more conscious of any tendencies they might have to litter.Soon,she noticed local families, kids and all—picking up litter around their homes.”I thought,that’s all it took—for me to open my mouth?” she says.”So I decided to knock on more doors.”
And she didn’t stop there.She approached people on the street,in malls,even in the waiting room before getting an X ray. Grist often started her appeal with something such as,”I hope you don’t think I’m crazy,but...” Yet she was buoyed by the positive response—so much so that in August 2008, she began to contact officials in various levels of government, companies and other institutions in an effort to reach a wider audience.
Through a local Mac’s Convenience Store,Grist managed to contact the company that produces content displayed on their in store monitors.That led to a public service announcement about litter that ran in almost 600 Mac’s stores in Ontario from November 2008 to June 2009. Grist continues to explore every opportunity she has to get the message out.Her grassroots campaign may be different,but she has begun to open people’s eyes about the problem of litter.And thanks to her efforts,in Mississauga,at least,they have begun to do just that.
小题1:How did Benita Grist start her campaign?
A.She chatted with her neighbors. | B.She quarreled with a stranger. |
C.She went door to door,talking. | D.She talked to patients in hospital. |
A.inspired | B.discouraged | C.confused | D.disturbed |
A.Introduction to a one woman litter awareness campaign. |
B.How Benita Started the one woman litter awareness campaign. |
C.Why Benita Started the one woman litter awareness campaign. |
D.Benita and the one woman litter awareness campaign. |
Even though it has been a long time since you played the violin, a new study shows that as little as one year of music training can have a positive impact (影响) on your brain that will last the rest of your life.
In an experiment, researchers compared children who had taken music lessons to those who hadn’t. Laurel Trainor, who studies music and the mind, discovered that the musically-trained children had better brain responses in certain sound recognition exams. Trainor’s findings show the possibility that musical education can actually improve the brain’s hearing cortex(大脑皮层). “The study’s results show that music training affects attention and memory, and helps children develop learning skills. In this way music training might lead to better learning across a number of fields,” Trainor said in a statement. The effects of music education are even more obvious on children with difficulty in reading and writing and other language-related disabilities.
So, whether you can play a good piece of music or not, it’s likely that your years of music lessons have prepared your brain for all the speeches, emails, and adult conversations that are part of your life today. We should help make sure that children today have the same opportunities for music, and help out by volunteering with or donating instruments to your school’s music education department.
小题1:Compared with children who haven’t taken music lessons, musically-trained children _______.
A.sing better | B.do better in exams |
C.recognize sounds better | D.response more quickly |
A.change the structure of the brain |
B.improve children’s learning skills |
C.help children focus their attention |
D.provide more memorizing methods |
A.Adults should also take some music lessons. |
B.The author has taken violin lessons when he was young. |
C.Even a day’s music training can affect the human brain. |
D.Music training can also help children with certain disabilities. |
| Surface area(sq mi) | Volume(cu mi) | Percentage of total | |
Salt water | ||||
The oceans | 139,500,000 | 317,000,000 | 97.2% | |
Inland seas and saline lakes | 270,000 | 25,000 | 0.008 | |
Fresh water | ||||
Freshwater lakes | 330,000 | 30,000 | 0.009 | |
All rivers(average level) | - | 300 | 0.0001 | |
Antarctic Icecap | 6,000,000 | 6,300,000 | 1.9 | |
Arctic Icecap and glaciers | 900,000 | 680,000 | 0. 21 | |
Water in the atmosphere | 197,000,000 | 3,100 | 0. 001 | |
Ground water within half a mile from surface a mile from surface | - | 1,000,000 | 0. 31 | |
Deep-lying ground water | - | 1,000,000 | 0. 31 | |
Total (rounded) | - | 326,000,000 | 100.00 | |
A.Fresh Water in the World | B.Water Supply of the World |
C.Salt Water of the Earth | D.Protection of the Water in the World |
A.humans will have to use sea water in the future |
B.there is enough fresh water for man to use |
C.Water in the atmosphere is the least |
D.the sea water takes up 98%of the water on earth |
A.about 1,086,700 cu mi | B.about 6,300,000 cu mi |
C.about 680,000 cu mi | D.about 2,000,000 cu mi |
A.In Arctic Icecap and glaciers. | B.In Deep ground. |
C.In the Antarctic Icecap. | D.In the atmosphere. |
A.Freshwater lakes and all rivers(average level) |
B.Antarctic Icecap and water in the atmosphere |
C.Ground water within half a mile from surface and Deep-lying ground water. |
D.Deep-lying ground water and Arctic Icecap and glaciers |
After its first man in space, China plans a space laboratory, a lunar orbiter to look for valuable elements and minerals, robot landings on the moon and then the human touchdown.
The price of space exploration is enormous. Russia and the US, the only two countries to have achieved manned flight, are struggling to keep their new investment, the international space station.
But China, which has a long tradition in physics, mathematics and engineering, finds its doctoral graduates welcomed in the US and Europe for decades. And it has been able to learn from 40 years of pioneering successes and mistakes by the USSR and the USA.
Space flight is a gamble and the stakes (赌注) are high. If successful, China could become a member of the world"s most exclusive club, set up a second home on the moon and get a powerful hand at the strategic bargaining table.
Two designers from the Shenzhou III project said that 12 astronauts now are undergoing intensive training. One more unmanned space flight is planned before the first manned launch.
Experts say that the Shenzhou spacecraft already provides China with a space vehicle capable of mounting(发起)a lunar program. Chinese scientists have also predicted that Mars will be the next target after the moon.
小题1:According to Ouyang Ziyuan ________.
A.China has founded a base on the moon |
B.China has founded one base on the North and South Poles |
C.China will set up a base on the moon in 2010 |
D.China has already finished founding a moon base |
A.landing | B.relation | C.connection | D.behaviour |
A.A second home is going to be built on the moon in 2010. |
B.China"s first man has landed the moon in space. |
C.People from only two countries have been to the moon till now. |
D.Twelve Chinese astronauts are being trained for the manned flight to the moon. |
A.China will ask for help from the USSR and the USA |
B.two countries have set up a space station on the moon |
C.China has a large population in the world |
D.China has its tradition technology and advanced scientists |
A.China’s robot landing in the moon has been successful |
B.the USSR and the USA don’t allow Chinese people to land on the moon |
C.Chinese scientists show great interest in exploring Mars now |
D.it is impossible for the Chinese people to land on the moon |
A.Structure of a hurricane
B.Preparing for a Hurricane
C. How Hurricanes Move
D. How Hurricanes start
E. Hurricane Names
F. Hurricane Damage
Hurricanes
Hurricanes are gigantic tropical storms that can be hundreds of kilometers wide. They bring along very strong winds and a lot of rainfall. They often cause flooding near the coasts and sea levels rise.
1. __________________________
Hurricanes are born over tropical oceans, usually during late summer and early autumn. They need two things to get them started: heat and moist air. During the summer the ocean surface heats up and warm moist air starts to rise. Cool air sinks down to replace it. This creates an area of low pressure. The rotation of the earth creates winds around the center of such a low-pressure area. In the northern hemisphere the air moves counter clockwise, in the southern part clockwise. Such a system is called a cyclone. When warm air rises, it cools and creates clouds. Soon, thunderstorms form and it starts to rain.
All hurricanes begin as cyclones but not all cyclones become storms or hurricanes. Some die out a few days after they start. They don’t have enough energy to become a hurricane. When winds are stronger than 119 km an hour a storm officially becomes a hurricane.
2. __________________________
The center of a hurricane is called the eye, a calm area with little rainfall. It is about 30 to 50 km wide. Inside the eye the sea can rise up to one meter because the air moves up. The eye wall is around the eye. This is an area of thunderstorms, rain and the strongest winds—up to 300 km an hour. Then come long bands of rain clouds that are curved towards the center of the hurricane.
3. __________________________
In the northern hemisphere hurricanes normally move in a westward direction and then they turn north and northeast. Their path takes them away from the warm tropical water of the equator. When hurricanes move over colder water or over land they lose a lot of their energy. They slow down and as time goes on, they disappear. In the southern hemisphere their path leads them to the south and southeast.
4. __________________________
When a tropical storm forms over the Caribbean Sea it gets a name. Every year the first storm of the season is given a name that starts with the letter A, the second storm gets a name starting with B and so on. Years ago only women’ s names were used for tropical storms. Today male and female names alternate –for example, the first storm is named Alexandra, the second one Billy, then Catherine etc. Each year new names are used so that you can connect a storm to a certain year.
5. __________________________
Hurricanes are causing more and more damage throughout the Gulf Region, mainly because the population is constantly growing. Many things can be done to protect yourself and your property during a hurricane: Keep emergency supplies of food and water; keep a battery-powered radio ready in case the power goes out. Listen to the instructions you get; keep the gas tank of your car full, in case you have to leave quickly; protect your house by nailing plywood over the windows and doors. Tie down loose objects; find out which roads are best to take you away from the storm; leave your house as soon as you are ordered to evacuate, etc.
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