题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.
In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.
1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.
3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.
In this edition the sign “~” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “="”" sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
London, November 1985 A.J.T., A.VM
小题1:The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for .
A.a middle school teacher | B.a primary school student |
C.a senior high student | D.a college student |
A.compares modern English with old English |
B.gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty |
C.attaches more importance to conversational forms |
D.pays little attention to strict grammatical forms |
A.This book keeps up with the latest usages of the America English language. |
B.This edition offers more information about pronouns. |
C.It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book. |
D.One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”. |
A.the two parts before and after the sign “~” mean the same |
B.the two parts before and after “~” are said by two different people |
C.the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says |
D.the topic is changed in the part after the sign “~” |
A.they have helped the authors with this edition |
B.they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors |
C.the authors want to make use of the fames of those people |
D.those people will make advertisements for this book |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:A
解析
试题分析:本文主要介绍了实用英语语法书的特点及对它的第四版主要不同的地方进行了介绍。
小题1:细节题。根据文章第一段A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post-intermediate students.实用英语语法适合中级水平或者更高水平的学者。即不适用于小学生。故选B
小题2:细节题。根据第二段Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.可知,更加注重于有争议的形式,故选C.
小题3:细节题判断题。根据第三条verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves;可知某一个特定的章节会来讨论意思相近的动词的区别,故选D.
小题4:细节题。从In this edition the sign “~” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue.可知,“~”表示两个不同的人在对话,所以前后两部分是不同的人说话的内容,故选B.
小题5:细节题。从最后一段We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.可知,他们这些人都给作者提供了好的建议和帮助,故选A.
点评:本文不难,生词多但并影响理解。文中主要对这本实用语法书进行了有针对性的介绍。对于细节题较多的文章,学生应该抱有信心,因为每个答案都在文章中,解答此类文章要注重细节,对长句子要耐心分析成分,结合题目仔细的作答。
核心考点
试题【A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post-intermedi】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The skeletal muscles are attached to the bones; they actually hold the skeleton together. Strong cords, called tendons(肌腱), help connect these muscles to the bones. Skeletal muscles give us strength and allow us to move in many ways. If you look at skeletal muscles through a microscope, you will see that it has bands of fibers that look like stripes(条纹). These stripes are called striations. Skeletal muscles usually move because the brain has sent a conscious message to them telling them what to do. This is called voluntary movement.
Another type of muscle is smooth muscle. Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle does not have striations. This is found in organs such as the stomach, the bladder(膀胱), the lungs and the eyes. Smooth muscles are smaller than the skeletal muscles and they move involuntarily. The brain tells these muscles what to do, but we aren’t even aware of it. For example, we don’t have to think about breathing or digesting food. The smooth muscles just do their jobs automatically. For this reason smooth muscles are sometimes called involuntary muscles.
Like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle also works involuntarily. It is a very thick muscle that is found only in the walls of the heart. Its job is to pump blood out of the heart and into blood vessels called arteries(动脉). The arteries help carry the blood to all parts of the body. When the cardiac muscles relax, they let blood back into the heart. Cardiac muscles have striations, just like skeletal muscles do.
小题1:When we _______, the job is done by smooth muscles.
A.close our eyes | B.kick a ball | C.hug our friends | D.lift a suitcase |
A.both can move voluntarily |
B.both are thick muscles |
C.both are bigger than smooth muscles |
D.both have stripes called striations |
A.Heart muscles are very important because they give us strength and allow us to move. |
B.The heart of human beings completely consists of heart muscle. |
C.The skeletal muscles are connected to the bones by tendons. |
D.Smooth muscle does its work without receiving message from the brain. |
Two of them, Mercury (水星) and Venus, are nearer while the other six, namely Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto, also in their given order from the sun, are farther from the sun than the earth is. The farther they are, the longer trips they make around the sun. People noticed long ago that these traveling bodies moved around in the sky in definite paths. It is a force called gravity that holds them in their paths.
We know that every little bit of matter in the universe pulls upon every other bit of matter. The pull between two bodies is proportional (成比例的) to the product of their masses. Because the sun is so large the pull between the sun and the planets are thus great. If it were not for this pull, the planets would fly off into space. In the same way there exists a pull between the earth and the moon, which keeps the moon traveling in its orbit around our planet, the earth. Gravity holds you to its surface, and pulls back to it the ball which you throw into the air. Of course the ball also pulls on the larger earth but the earth is so much larger that the pull is not noticed.
Now remember that large bodies exert a greater pull than smaller ones which contain less material. But each object in the universe, no matter how small, pulls on all other objects to some degree.
小题1:There are ________ that travel around the sun in the sun’s family.
A.nine planets | B.eight planets |
C.one star and ten planets | D.the earth and the sun |
A.Mercury and Venus. | B.Neptune and Pluto. |
C.Saturn and Uranus. | D.Mars and Jupiter. |
A.all the objects, big or small, must exert the same pull on one another |
B.large objects exert the same pull on anybody as small objects |
C.small objects exert the same on large ones |
D.each object in the universe exerts a pull on all other objects |
A.the sun and the moon is greater than between the sun and the earth |
B.the earth and the moon is greater than that between the sun and the earth |
C.the sun and the earth is greater than that between the earth and the moon |
D.the sun and the earth is the same as that between the earth and the moon |
You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible (看不见的) blanket.
Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
小题1:In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.
A.solar activity | B.volcanic activity |
C.natural factors | D.human factors |
A.giving typical examples |
B.following the order of space |
C.analyzing a theory and arguing it |
D.comparing and finding differences |
A.totally different | B.exactly the same |
C.extremely important | D.partly independent |
A.volcanic eruption |
B.cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun |
C.changes in solar |
D.floods and droughts |
A.Are All the Scientists Really Scientific? |
B.Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to? |
C.Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming? |
D.What’s the Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases? |
Take my own experience in Alaska as an example.Once I took a trip to the glacier.Along the way there stood signposts marking the snow lines of different years.They started from the foot of the mountain, but it was at the top that I finally saw melting glaciers(融化的冰川).My heart ached seeing the beautiful blue ice melting at every second.
Sad but true, they are the effects of global warming and the result of our human impact.Furthermore, each year the rising sea level will kill 56 million people, and that" s about the population of the entire Italy.According to studies, if the temperature keeps on rising like this, by the year 2050, some islands and coastal cities including New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and Sydney will be drowned in water.
Our fortune is in our own hands.It depends on us to shape our future, to reduce future human impact and find ways to form a peaceful relationship with our environment. Therefore, it"s time for actions to be taken right now.Contribute a little to energy saving by using more efficient light bulbs and less hot water.Let recycle become our habit by thinking twice before throwing something away.Let us take public transportation as our first choice when going to a certain place.It might cost more time for now, but it" s to the benefit of a permanent future.Take care of every tree and grass around us by watering them or simply just avoid destroying them.
In a word, small drops of water make a big ocean. The earth does not belong to us.On the contrary, we belong to the earth. Please bear in mind that the earth is our home.It is our responsibility to build a brighter and better future of our planet and prevent what happened in the movie 2012 from becoming reality.
小题1:Why does the author talk about the movie 2012 in the passage ? __________.
A.To give example. | B.To lead into the topic. |
C.To make prediction. | D.To provide the evidence. |
A.Worried. | B.Puzzled. | C.Scared. | D.Bored. |
A.56 million people in Italy have been killed owing to the rising sea level |
B.Some islands and coastal cities will be drowned in water by the year of 2050 |
C.Human beings will be in danger if we don"t take actions to prevent the global warming |
D.It is certain that what happened in the movie 2012 will come into reality |
A.drive our own private cars instead of taking buses to some place |
B.recycle everything that is used |
C.go to see the movie 2012 at once |
D.work together to take good care of our planet |
A.Think twice before taking action. |
B.It"s our duty to protect the ocean. |
C.Everyone together can make a difference. |
D.It"s important to save every drop of water. |
Mark Jones, a computer scientist, says, "We view electronic textiles (电子纺织品) as, sort of, where computing meets the fabric (编织品)."
This high-tech marriage is bringing up the wearable computers, like trousers that can interpret movement and let a computer know your every move.
A loom (织布机) helps make the wires and fabric together. Then special equipment in the fabric can measure the speed. Signals are then sent from the trousers to a computer to show the process.
Tom Martin also says, "E-textiles are a way for us to build wearable computers that look like normal clothing and can fit in fully with the environment."
Researchers also hope wearable computers will help save lives. "We will be able to tell what activity a person is doing. That sort of information is highly valuable when we’re trying to monitor someone with a long-term illness such as heart disease," Jones says. Monitoring your every step is something that clever clothing can do a little easier. Researchers plan on developing more smart clothes to integrate computers into shirts, hats and gloves.
小题1:What does the underlined word "marriage" refer to in the passage?
A.The special equipment in the fabric used to measure the speed of our movement. |
B.The unity(结合)of fabric and computing materials to make smart clothes. |
C.Wearable computers which fit in with the environment. |
D.The influence of electronics and computer science technology. |
A.There are the wires and fabric together. |
B.There are signals in the smart clothes. |
C.The computer built into them will control their every movement. |
D.The clothing will have special equipment fixed into the fabric. |
A.people are too lazy to decide what to wear |
B.scientists want to prove their intelligence |
C.smart clothes can provide information about the wearer’s health |
D.smart clothes are as cheap as normal clothes |
A.Connecting Clothes with High Technology |
B.New Ways to Discover Illnesses Early |
C.How to Use a Computer |
D.Smart Clothes and Exercise |
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