题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The rise of 40 science may perhaps be considered to 41 as far back as the 42 of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who live 43 the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle 44 to suggest that we must learn science 45 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 46 many important discoveries.
Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later (1564-1642), was the greatest of several great men, 47 in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 48 to show how many important 49 could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 50 towards the earth than small ones, 51 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 52 of the leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 53 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo’s 54 of going direct to Nature, and proving our 55 and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:D
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:C
小题9:B
小题10:B
小题11:B
小题12:A
小题13:B
小题14:A
小题15:B
小题16:B
小题17:C
小题18:D
小题19:A
小题20:B
解析
试题分析：本文主要以某些科学家他们的做法为例来说明观察和实验在科学发现中的重要性，科学真理必须以事实为根据，必须通过实践来检验。
小题1:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. use 使用；B.time时间；C.speed速度；D. trust相信。make use of 利用;使用；make full use of 充分利用。根据A successful scientist is generally a good observer.他充分利用他观察到的任何事实，故选A。
小题2:考查动词及语境的理解。A. worked 工作；B.based基础；C.lived 居住；D.written写。be based on/upon 以……为基础；基于…….根据He makes full 36 of the facts he observes.他不能接受不以事实为依据（be based on/upon）的观点，故选B。
小题3:考查名词及语境的理解。A. reason原因；B.cause原因；C.advice建议；D.result结果。reason 能够对一个事物的发生或它的性质作出解释的东西；它与for连用；cause 是导致一个事物发生的条件或原因。它与 of连用.根据句子意思，是指“不能接受某种权威来说明真理的合法性”，应用reason。故选A。
小题4:考查动词及语境的理解。A. thinks认为；B.checks 检查；C.has 有；D.learn学会。check. v. 证明无误, 核对无误。意思最恰当。他总是要检查一下这个观点并且做很多实验来证明它，故选B。
小题5:考查形容词及语境的理解。A. natural 自然的；B.physical 物理的；C.ancient古代的；D.modern现代的。根据最后一句话中has led to all the discoveries of modern science. 的modern science“现代科学”，此处选modern意思最恰当。故选D。
小题6:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. date日期；date back 词组，意为“回溯至”。 B.keep 保持；C.look 看；D.take拿。现代科学的时代最远能追溯到（date back）培根时代，故选A。
小题7:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. study 学习；B.time n. 这里指“时代，年代”。C. year 年；D.birth出生。现代科学的时代最远能追溯到（date back）培根时代（time），故选B。
小题8:考查代词及语境的理解。A. both 两者都；B.each每个；C.between与and连用，表示“在……和……之间”;D.among表示三者以上。培根生活在1214-1292期间，故选C。
小题9:考查名词及语境的理解。A. Schools学校； B.Ages，The Middle Ages n.中世纪；中古时代，专有名词。C.Days天；D.Count计数；他可能是中古时代（he Middle Ages）的第一个让我们通过对我们周围事物的观察和实验来学科学，故选B。
小题10:考查介词及语境的理解。by + doing 表示“通过做……（的途径）”，惯用法；with + sth 表示“用……（来做……）”。他可能是中古时代的第一个让我们通过对我们周围事物的观察和实验来学科学，故选B。
小题11:考查动词及语境的理解。make, do 与名词有固定搭配关系：do + one’s best / one’s duty / sb a favour / harm / good /…；make + a discovery / an appointment / arrangements / a bed / a change / a decision…这里是make discoveries他自己有了很大的发现，故选B。
小题12:考查连词及语境的理解。 A. who引导定语从句修饰 great men ； B.when在定语从句中只能作状语；C.that 不能引导非限制性定语从句； D.where在定语从句中只能作状语；根据句意故选 A。
小题13:考查名词及语境的理解。A. ways 方法；B.degrees， by degrees 词组，相当于副词，意为：逐渐地。C.levels 水平；D.chance机会。伽利略逐渐地显示出通过观察而得到的事实是多么地重要，故选B。
小题14:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. truths 事实；B.problems问题；C. people人们； D. subjects学科。根据上文意思，He doesn’t accept ideas which are not on obvious facts应为：truths. 事实, 真理, 原理，故选A。
小题15:考查副词及语境的理解。 A. slowly慢慢地；B.rapidly迅速地； C.lightly轻轻地； D.heavily重重地。rapidly. adv. 快，迅速地。意思最恰当。根据常识在伽利略以前有学问的科学家都认为大的物体比小的物体落地要快，故选B。
小题16:考查连词及语境的理解。A. although 尽管；B.because因为； C.when当……时候； D.If如果。根据句子意思，应为because conj. 因为在伽利略以前有学问的科学家都认为大的物体比小的物体落地要快，因为亚里士多德是这样说的，故选 B。
小题17:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. place地方；B. foot脚； C. top顶部；D. ceiling天花板。根据常识但是伽利略走到比萨的斜塔的顶部，拿着两个不等重量的石头，要证明亚里士多德是错误的，故选C。
小题18:考查形容词及语境的理解。A. big大的；B. small小的； C. equal相等的；D.unequal不等的。根据上文Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more towards the earth than small ones, Aristotle said so. 可知他必须拿着不同大小的球做实验来证明，故选D。
小题19:考查名词及语境的理解。A. spirit精神；B. skill 技术； C. theory 理论；D. discovery发现。spirit of going direct to Nature对自然不断探索的精神。 science spirit 科学精神；world spirit时代精神, 世界潮流。根据上文可知伽利略对自然不断探索的精神，故选A。
小题20:考查名词及语境的理解。A. plans计划； B. opinions 意为“观点”，“通过实验证明我们的观点和理论”。 C. world世界； D. ability 能力。通过实验来证明我们的观点和理论，从而导致了现代科学的出现，故选B。
核心考点
试题【A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 36 of the f】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
However, research has proved this method inefficient and ineffective. The truth is, the human brain simply cannot consciously remember process and use hundreds of or thousands of grammar rules. Real speech is too fast.
Native speakers do not learn grammar in this way, but rather intuitively (凭直觉地) and unconsciously. They learn in a complete way, not by attempting to memorize individual grammar rules. As a result, native speakers use correct grammar fluently and easily.
Fortunately, it is possible for English learners to learn grammar this way. Language teacher Blaine Ray has developed a unique "intuitive" approach to teach English grammar. Her system uses "point of view" stories to teach the patterns of English grammar, allowing students unconsciously to acquire correct grammar without ever studying grammar rules.
In this system, the teacher first tells a simple story from one point of view. It may be told about the past, then repeated, but beginning with "since he was a child"; then repeated again, but this time about the future.
Listening to these stories allows students intuitively and effortlessly to learn English grammar and makes them be able to use it correctly when they speak.
Point of View Stories is a creative new way to study English grammar, and offers hope to millions of frustrated English learners.
小题1:Which of the following ways is approved by the author?| A．Remembering grammar rules |
| B．Taking grammar tests. |
| C．Analyzing grammatical structure |
| D．Applying language to situations. |
小题2:What does the underlined part "this way" in the fourth paragraph refer to?| A．Talking to native speakers when learning. |
| B．Learning English grammar in a complete way. |
| C．Using correct English grammar. |
| D．Learning English grammar 4from a teacher. |
小题3:From this passage we learn that ______.| A．native speakers learn English grammar by listening to stories |
| B．Blaine Ray’s method gets students to grasp correct grammar unconsciously |
| C．Blaine Ray teaches grammar rules by asking students to tell stories |
| D．it’s hard for students to speak correct English in the new system |
小题4: This passage wants to ______. | A．criticize the traditional way of learning grammar |
| B．introduce a new way to study English grammar |
| C．ask students to learn English grammar by listening to stories |
| D．tell us how the native speakers learn English grammar |
小题5:why shouldn’t the English learners use an analytical approach?| A．because the analytical approach can let them learn English grammar effortlessly |
| B．because the analytical approach makes them be able to use English correctly when they speak. |
| C．because the analytical approach can’t let them memorize and then apply a great number of rules. |
| D．because Real speech is too fast. |
Whatever question I asked, whatever activity I suggested, her reaction was pretty much the same — she was frozen with horror. She was sent to our private language school after having been the worst in English at her key school with a pretty strict ELT syllabus(教学大纲), with her peers teasing her for her mistakes in English. Moreover, her state school teacher called her name. To make things worse, she was under pressure from her family for getting bad marks in English. She was definitely expecting me to carry on the same way with her.
I have to admit that I had been staring at her with probably the same expression for a while before eventually she handed in an absolutely incredible composition which I had previously asked the class to write. It was written in perfect handwriting, was full of clever ideas and had correct paragraphing. The girl got her first excellent mark in English, and I praised her generously and from then on I started using her writing skills to support the others. Before doing an oral retelling of a story, she wrote it down. Before presenting her oral project, she was allowed to do the same thing. The day she first put up her hand to orally answer my question addressed to the class I was incredibly happy.
She taught me how to approach withdrawn students — find the skill which they can excel at, in her case writing, and help the student use it to develop other skills!
小题1:The writer is probably a teacher . | A．in a language training center |
| B．in a private language school |
| C．in a state school |
| D．in a key public school |
小题2:The writer’s first impression of the little girl was that she was . | A．incredibly dull | B．hard to cope with |
| C．far too lovely | D．pretty confident |
小题3:The girl came to the school because . | A．she had some special skills |
| B．she was good at writing poems |
| C．she felt very uncomfortable at her previous school |
| D．she is poor at her pronunciation |
Young children grow up playing with make-believe. And so many people try to make their young child see that their invisible friend isn’t real or that talking when someone is not in the room is weird. To adults it is, but for small children it is them being creative. May it be them playing house, or chef, or playing with stuffed animals, it is their creative part coming out. Some kids can have fun playing with rocks and sticks and it’s because of their creativeness that they can do this. The invisible friend part is another part of being imaginative, and is not a bad thing since they will grow out of that phase(阶段). So encourage this and play along with them, play house, or stuffed animals or whatever they want to play. Help keep their imagination running. You can even make up games, like treasure hunts, or dinosaurs, super heroes; there is just so much you can choose from.
All this can help your children’s minds stay creative. The arts and music, even thoughts are an important part of life and important in our society. If we didn’t have and encourage creative thinking, we wouldn’t have had inventors, or philosophers, or as I said before, artists.
小题1:The underlined word “weird” is close in meaning to .
| A．familiar | B．strange | C．common | D．natural |
| A．let him be |
| B．stop him from doing so |
| C．give him some advice |
| D．know that he is suffering from loneliness |
| A．How creative artists and architects are born. |
| B．How to help children grow up in a healthy way. |
| C．What kind of activities children like. |
| D．How to help children to be creative. |
| A．every child can become creative artists or inventors |
| B．creative people all show strange behaviors when young |
| C．creativity brings out great artists and architects |
| D．creativity is a natural ability to be born with |
China has been the most courageous country in building nuclear power, with the largest number of plants currently under construction. Nuclear power is facing a tough time in developed countries. The Japanese public is demanding the closure of all the country"s nuclear power plants. China is at the forefront of nuclear power development. But it has been forced into this position.
Rapid economic development coupled with improvements in people"s life both demand more electricity. It is impossible to exploit fossil resources forever as the supply of coal, oil and natural gas is limited. China has no choice but to develop nuclear power.
China must be the safest user of nuclear power. It should become a leading country in developing nuclear power technologies and increasing the world"s knowledge of nuclear power.
It needs to do at least two things. First, it needs to promote safety in nuclear power plants, based on the technologies of the West. The former Soviet Union, the US and Japan all had severe nuclear accidents, proving there are risks. China should try to remove these risks.
Second, China should establish effective communication mechanisms（机制）between the government, power plants and the public. It"s wrong to think the government can control every aspect of nuclear power plant construction.
The opposition to nuclear power program in developed countries has prevented them from building new plants, but they already have many. These governments are reluctant to close these plants despite strong opposition, because they cannot find better substitutes.
Nuclear power only occupies 1.8 percent of China"s current electricity grid（输电网）, much lower than the proportion in many developed countries. China"s nuclear power plan should introduce the advantages of the technologies of other countries and also be creative in providing security. Its space technology is not the most advanced, but its launch safety measures have proven to be among the best.
China"s high-profile high-speed railway development has drawn a lot of controversy, as will the active attitude towards developing nuclear power. But China cannot just copy what the developed countries have done. The development of nuclear power must be unique to China and it must be a ground-breaking success. But now, the real test lies ahead.
小题1:In the third paragraph the writer focuses on ______.
| A．the reason why China is to develop nuclear power |
| B．the difficulty China has in developing nuclear power |
| C．the measures China will take to develop nuclear power |
| D．the benefits China will have by developing nuclear power |
| A．Supportive. | B．Opposed. | C．Indifferent. | D．Objective. |
| A．copy exactly what the developed countries have done |
| B．depend entirely on domestic scientists and technologies |
| C．avoid people’s involvement in nuclear power plant construction |
| D．do everything in its power to guarantee safety in nuclear power plants |
| A．It will be unique but can hardly pass too many tests. |
| B．It will be full of controversy but carried out firmly. |
| C．It will be on a smooth way to a ground-breaking success. |
| D．It will receive much opposition from developed countries. |
Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest crops to grow in your garden. The best time to plant the seeds is during cool weather. The University of Illinois Extension advises that the best planting temperature is 15 0C.
Lettuce seeds are small, so do not place them too deep in the ground. If you plant some seeds every week or two, you will have crops ready to eat one after another.
To start the seeds inside, you can use a seed tray in your home or other shelter. This container should be deep enough to hold at least three centimeters of soil or more. There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container. The container should have holes in the bottom so the extra water can flow out. Drop the seeds over the surface and cover them lightly with soil. If the soil is not already a little wet, give it some water. But do not drown the seeds.
Next, cover the seed tray with paper. When the seedlings have come up far enough to touch the paper, take it off. You can transplant the seedlings into the garden when they are about two to three centimeters tall. Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold. Take out as much soil as you can with the seedlings, Then dig a hole in the ground bigger thanthe lettuce roots. Water the plants but not too heavily.
Harvest leaf lettuces when the leaves are big enough to eat. Pull the leaves from the outside of the planting so the inside leaves will keep growing. Or, you can cut off the whole plant. Leave about two or three centimeters above the ground so the plant will re-grow. Cut off head lettuces at ground level.
Lettuce is best when served fresh, so make a salad and enjoy. Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest crops to grow in your garden.
小题1:Which of the following shows the right order of planting lettuces?
a.Dig a hole in the ground bigger than the lettuce roots.
b.Drop the seeds over the surface.
c.Water the plants.
d.Cover the seed with soil.
e.Take off the paper.
f.Transplant the seedlings into the garden.
| A．b, d, e ，f, a, c | B．a, b ，c, d ，e, f |
| C．d, e，f, b，a，c | D．b，c, d，e，f，a |
| A．containers | B．seeds | C．young plants | D．layers |
| A．store it in plastic bags | B．eat the inside leaves |
| C．wrap it in paper | D．eat while it is fresh |
| A．Lettuce is the easiest crop to grow in your garden. |
| B．The lettuce is not hard to plant and store. |
| C．We can plant lettuce in a two-centimeter-high tray. |
| D．We should water lettuce at least twice a day. |
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