题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
That"s because the term“sense of humor” really wasn"t in common usage until the eighteen-sixties and seventies.In the eighteen-forties and fifties,it was called“the sense of the ridiculous," and didn"t have the positive connotations(隐含意义)that“sense of humor" has today. Back then,what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(讥笑).Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand.Of course,they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well.
Lincoln’s humor was very different because,for one thing,it was actually "humor"as what the word meant in his time. We don"t make the distinction between "wit(风趣)”and "humor”anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did.Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic.It’s the difference we note now when we distinguish between "laughing with”and“laughing at.”Lincoln was much more about "laughing with”than "laughing at.”And when“laughing at,”it was often himself he was teasing.
In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates,when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced,Lincoln replied,referencing his plain looking,“Honestly,if I were two-faced,would I be showing you this one?”And,in a way,Lincoln"s face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.
You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians,soldiers,and the like from Lincoln"s time and not find a single smile.
True, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult.Yet Lincoln alone,as far as I can tell,overcame that difficulty.
Interestingly, while having a sense of humor,or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time,in the nineteenth century,too much humor was considered problem. And that was the case for Lincoln.A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates commented that“I could not take a real personal liking to the man,owing to an inborn weakness. . .that he was extremely, fond of jokes,anecdotes,and stories.”
小题1:We can infer from Paragraph 2 that__
A.the American President could influence the use of English |
B.the term "sense of humor”wasn"t invented until the 1860s |
C.what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone else |
D.the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time |
A.Lincoln"s unattractive face |
B.Lincoln"s sense of humor |
C.the debate they were having |
D.cruelty that went with funniness |
A.being humorous was considered inappropriate |
B.they found it quite funny to smile before camera |
C.not smiling for photographs was the fashion |
D.photography technology then was not advanced |
A.His comment accurately reflected his time |
B.He created a false picture of Lincoln |
C.He was prejudiced and self-centered |
D.He was brave to point out Lincoln"s weakness |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:A
解析
试题分析:
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了林肯对英语幽默感的影响,在他之前幽默感没有那么不变。
小题1:C考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的In the eighteen-forties and fifties,it was called“the sense of the
ridiculous," and didn"t have the positive connotations(隐含意义)that“sense of humor" has today. Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand.可知,在19世纪40年代和50年代,嘲笑感不像现在的幽默感有积极的隐含意义。滑稽和残忍关系密切,所以很可能滑稽就变成了对某人侵害。故选C。
小题2:A考查猜测词义。根据文章第三段可知,this one指的是his plain looking,即是他平常的脸色。也就是说他不吸引人的脸。故选A。
小题3:D考查细节理解。根据文章第六段中的the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult.可知,那时,长时间的曝光使那时的照片出现微笑的效果很困难。故选D。
小题4:A考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段中的in the nineteenth century,too much humor was considered problem. And that was the case for Lincoln.可知,他的评论是对他那个时代的情况的反映。故选A。
考点:
核心考点
试题【Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is,not surprisingl】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“That frightened me. I couldn’t go back, it was too far and too dangerous, so I headed to the nearest high ground and stayed there, hoping someone would come and find me before the crocs did.”
Gatty explained how each night two crocodiles would sit at the bottom of the tree staring at him. Although Gatty’s two sandwiches ran out after three days, he was able to get running water during the day and knew rescuers were looking for him as he could see helicopters in the air above his tree.
“If I hadn’t seen the crocs circling me, and if I hadn’t fallen into the croc nest, I would have made a push for it. But I knew the safest thing was for me to sit and wait,” he said. A chocolate bar, given to him by rescuers after being moved to safety by using a winch(卷扬机), “was like a gourmet (delicious)meal,” he said.
小题1:Gaddy felt _______ when he found himself trapped in the crocodile- infested area.
A.panicked but optimistic | B.nervous and hopeless |
C.upset and regretful | D.frightened but calm |
A.Sandwiches | B.Running water |
C.Chocolates | D.Staying up in a tree |
a. Gaddy climbed up onto his horse unconscious.
b. Gaddy climbed up a tree and stayed there.
c. Gaddy was moved by a winch to safety.
d. Gaddy fell off his horse accidentally.
e. Gaddy found himself in a crocodile-infested area.
A.a d e c b | B. d a e b c | C.a d e b c | D.d e a b c |
A.a news story | B.a scientific fiction |
C.a personal essay | D.a literary report |
Good Work Ethics (规范)
When I was younger, about 14, I was already ready to work.My father was a dairy man and he had been working his entire life.For him, getting up at 5 a.m.and working a couple of hours before I went to school, and then 36 more after school until there was not enough37 to see, were normal.
My father considered putting good work ethics in me to be very 38 .He began to show me these, not through 39 , but through his actions.He would not 40 a job until it was done.He 41 put his all into everything he did. 42 , he showed me this not just in working, but in everything.Like when I was in soccer, I wanted to 43 a game once.and he explained to me-that I had made a 44 and that even if I just skipped one game, then I did not 45 to play the rest of the games.
So the day I started my first job at the age of 14, I was 46 to show my father that I could do it well, and that I was not going to 47 . My entire 48 was to make my father proud of me. I knew that ___49 I did, he would not say it in words, but he would show it.My first job was doing 50 for a company.As most of you know, construction is not an easy job, especially being so 51 _. When someone as young as I was started working, they would either __52 or get stronger.I got stronger.I worked the 53 I had been taught and I gave that day everything I had.In the end, my boss was impressed.He even called to tell my parents what a good worker I was, and my parents" eyes __54 .From that day on I have worked every job to my full 55 , because that day defined (explain the truth of)my life.It defined how I was going to work, and I will always stick to it.
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The harassment came in the form of laughter when I talked, and rolled eyes when I turned around.If I was out on the playground and approached a group of people, they often fell silent.Sometimes, someone would not see me coming and I would catch the tail end of a joke at my expense.
There was another girl in our class who was perhaps even more rejected than I.She provided the group with a lot of material for jokes.One day one popular girl came up to me to show me something she said I wouldn"t want to miss.We walked to a comer of the playground.Three or four girls there were reading aloud from a small book, which I was told was the girl"s diary.
I sat down and, laughing till my sides hurt, heard my voice finally mixed with the others.Often being accepted by others is more satisfying than being accepted by oneself, even though the satisfaction does not last.Looking back, I wonder how I could have participated in making fun of this girl when I knew perfectly well how it felt.If I were in that situation today I would react differently, but I can"t honestly be sure.
小题1:The author was made an outcast because ____.
A.she couldn"t play sports as well as others |
B.her classmates needed to find an outcast her |
C.her classmates found her clothes funny |
D.family belonged to a minority group |
A.She was refused to approach others. |
B.No one responded to her talking. |
C.She was often the target of teasing. |
D.Her diary was often made public. |
A.She showed great sympathy with the girl. |
B.She found more materials about the girl for jokes. |
C.She stopped the others from hurting the girl. |
D.She joined others in making fun of the girl. |
A.Everyone is likely to become an outcast. |
B.We shouldn"t hit a person when he is down. |
C.Everyone has a desire to be accepted by others. |
D.One should pay somebody back in his own way. |
RESOURCES BELONG TO THE SOCIETY
When I arrived in Hamburg Germany, my colleague who worked there arranged a welcome party for me in a 36 . We noticed a few customers including several old ladies, were having their meal. When a dish is 37 , the waiter would distribute the food for them, and they would 38 every bit of the food on their plates.
As I was hungry, my local colleague 39 much food for me. Since there were other things to do, we did not 40 much time dining. When we planned to leave, there was still about one third of 41 food left. When we were leaving the restaurant, we 42 someone calling us. When the old ladies spoke to us in English, we understood that they were 43 about us wasting so much food.
“We 44 for our food; it is none of your 45 how much food we left behind”, my colleague told the old ladies. They got angry, and one of them 46 made a call to someone. After a while, an officer in 47 arrived. Upon knowing what had happened, he issued us a 50-euro 48 . The officer told us in a stern(严厉的)voice: “order 49 you can consume. Money is yours, 50 the resources belong to the society. You have no 51 for wasting them.” Our face turned red. We all agreed with him in our 52 . My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly 53 to the officer.
My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenir. We all 54 it to remind us that we should never be 55 .
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Then she saw a little boy running down the street, swinging his schoolbag. Looking up to the window, he took off ____11____ hat and bowed with a bright, pleasant smile.
“What a nice ____12____,” said Jennie to herself, as the boy ran out of sight. “It seems like having the sunshine. I wish everybody who goes by would look up ____13____ smile.
George, the little boy, told his mother about that ____14____ girl when he got back home, “She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”
“Why not give her some ____15____?” said his mother. George agreed.
The next morning, as Jennie ____16___ at the window again, she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers carefully picking his way across the street. He stopped in front of her window, smiling pleasantly, and said, “Can I come in?” Jennie told him _____17____ to get into the house.
Opening the door to Jennie’s gentle “Come in”, George said, “I’ve brought you some flowers.”
“Are they for me?” said Jennie ____18____. “How kind you are,” she continued, as George put the flowers on her lap. I’ve ____19___ received any flower since we moved to the town.”
“Did you live in the countryside?” asked George, ___20____ the old, small and empty room.
“Yes,” said Jennie.
Jennie used to have a happy family and live in a beautiful house in the countryside. However, she lost her right leg in an accident. She ____21____ walk like other people any longer. Later, her father died, and her mother was sick ___22____ so many years that their money was all gone. They sold the house, and move here to get work to do.
George told his parents ____23____. They decided to help her. More and more people in the ____24___ gave Jennie friendly smiles when they passed by her house. She was greatly cheered up.
A few months later, Jennie and her mother ____25____ a flower shop. People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop, having a lovely smile on face.
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