题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
Color use in nature
Nature is very colorful, full of different hues(色调)that delight the eye. What makes these colors and why do they exist?
Causes of Colors in Nature
Colors in nature are formed in two ways. Pigments, like the melanin in skin and many animal furs, produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows. Most plants are green due to chlorophyll(叶绿素). Other colors are caused by structure, like many greens, blues, and whites. Blue bird’s feathers actually contain black pigment, but their structure causes them to appear blue. The scattering of light by tiny dust particles in the air, viewed against the black background of space, makes the sky look blue too.
Color Use in Plants
Color has a great effect on the survival of plants and animals. Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects. These insects move from one flower to another, making sure seeds are produced. Bees can see colors we cannot, i.e. ultraviolet, and follow these patterns of stripes or dots to the inside of the flower.
Not only flowers but also fruits use color for the good of the plant. An unripe fruit mixes in with the leaves, but ripe berries contrast, becoming more appealing to the creatures who eat them. Birds are especially drawn to red fruit, and in turn help the plant by broadcasting its seeds.
Camouflage(伪装)in Nature
Many colors and patterns camouflage animals who want to avoid enemies. Some animals have damaging shapes to break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them. The eye, a very recognizable animal characteristic, is often disguised by a black stripe or patch. Light color below makes up for the shadow on the underside of many fish, amphibians and mammals.
Some animals even change colors to better camouflage themselves, seasonally like the snowshoe hare.
Warning Coloration and Mimicry(动态伪装)
Warning colors make an animal more visible rather than hidden. These usually indicate a negative aspect of the animal, like the bad taste of a monarch butterfly, smelly smell or painful bite of a bee. Usually black and a contrasting color (white, yellow, orange or red) form a striking pattern in these creatures, and frighten their enemies away. Nature is tricky, though, and sometimes harmless creatures pretend the patterns of harmful ones to scare off animals living on meat too.
Social Coloration in Nature
Sometimes coloration is important socially. Male birds, typically more colorful, defend their territories and attract females. Eggs may use color and pattern to remain hidden. When they hatch, parents feed the nestlings when they see the bright pattern in their gaping mouths.
Taking a closer look at nature throws light on how color is used in marvelous ways!
Color use in nature | |
___小题1:____ for colors in nature | Many colors are caused by 小题2: which produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows. |
Other colors exist due to 小题3: , like blue bird’s feathers, which appear blue but actually contain black pigment. | |
Color use in Plants | Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects, and then insects’ moving from one flower to another makes seeds 小题4: . |
Fruits use colors, ripe color for example, to protect and help 小题5: . | |
Color use in animals | Colors help many animals 小题6: their killers. For example, damaging shapes can break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them. |
Some animals, like snowshoe hares, 小题7: change colors to camouflage them. | |
Using warning colors to make themselves more小题8: , thus frightening their enemies away. | |
Harmless creatures 小题9: to be those harmful ones to scare off their enemies. | |
Social use in nature | Animals use colors to defend their territories and attract the 小题10: sex. |
答案
小题1: Reasons.
小题1: pigments
小题1: structure.
小题1: produced
小题1: attractions
小题1: recognize
小题1: seasonal
小题1: frightening
小题1:pretend
小题1: different
解析
1. 从Causes of Colors in Nature这句以及后面的caused by(导致)、due to(由于)可以知道是要填原因reasons,因为下面列举了两个方面的内容。
2. 此题答案来这Pigments, like the melanin in skin and many animal furs, produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows.这句,中间like the melanin in skin and many animal furs只不过是个插入语而已,此句的真正主语就是pigments,即本题的答案.
3. 此题还是讲自然界颜色产生的原因之二,由句子Other colors are caused by structure, like many greens, blues, and whites.可知是由structure决定的。
4. 这里是讲昆虫从一朵花到另一朵花,从而制造种子。这里的make加过去分词,种子是被制造出来的,故用produced.
5. 由文中的becoming more appealing to the creatures who eat them中可知是为了增加他们的吸引力,appeal to的意思就是增加,故用attrations.
6. 文中so an enemy will not recognize them可以知道动物用颜色是为了避免敌人,让敌人不能识别它们。其实从文中Many colors and patterns camouflage animals who want to avoid enemies这句也可以知道,动态伪装就是出于这样的目的。
7. Some animals even change colors to better camouflage themselves, seasonally like the snowshoe hare是说有些动物为了更好地伪装就季节性变化颜色,此处填形容词seasonal。
8. 动物使用警告色是为了让它们的敌人感觉害怕,用frightening,-ing分词表示主动。
9. pretend to be假装..,是个固定搭配,此句中是说它们假装有害是为了吓跑敌人。
10.Male birds, typically more colorful, defend their territories and attract females.告诉我们雄鸟利用色彩亮丽的颜色是为了防卫它们的家园和吸引雌鸟,是不同的性别,故用different.
核心考点
试题【请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。Color us】;主要考察你对数词等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The matron shook her head, remembering, “She was so miserable and小题5:______(depress)I feared for her sanity(心智健全),”breaking into a smile. “Then I had小题6:______ idea. I took her one day to the `Blind Children’s Home`, and that afternoon she played with the children and for the first time I saw her happy. Just as we were leaving, a little blind girl put her arms小题7:______ her neck and said,` I do like your voice and I know you must have a lovely face, too.’ The nurse cried all the way home in the car, but it was with小题8:______(happy), for she had found her life work with the blind children小题9:______came to call her their `lovely lady’.”
A sad case? Well, in a way, But小题10:______ a joyful ending!
请根据A至F各课程的介绍和个各人的情况说明,选出符合各人要求的最佳选项。
A. A Look at American Literature
A Look at American Literature is a course which gives us a brief outline of American Literature.
B. Works of Some Famous American Writers
Works of Some Famous American Writers show us the introductions to eleven famous writers and their works and also give us some comments on the works.
C. Detailed Reading of American Literature
Detailed Reading of American Literature is a course which focuses on some important and moving details in the works of American literature. It will analyse the detail.
D. Story and Plot
It’s a course which analyses the setting of the main plots in some famous stories. The aim of this course is to help those who want to become writers in the future.
E. Characters and Life
As you know, literature comes from our life, but it’s more than our life. This course will analyze the personalities of some important characters in the world literature, and combine the analysis with our life. It will help us gain wisdom from the characters.
F. Literature Comments
The course is a study of how to write literature comments through some vivid examples.
请阅读以下学生的相关信息,然后匹配他/她和拟要选择的课:
Helen wants to become a famous writer in the future. She is eager to take a course which can help her realize her dream.
Peter was ill last term and missed a lot of lessons in American literature. He wants to take a course which can give him an outline of it.
Kate likes to read literature works and she has many opinions after reading, but she doesn’t know how to express her ideas properly.
Tommy has the basic knowledge of American literature. He wants to take a course which can help him read more famous works about American literature.
Jerry wants to write some articles to show the significance of researching literature today. He is looking for a course which can help him.
待选课程学生 课程名称
小题1: Helen A. A Look at American Literature
小题2:Peter B. Works of Some Famous American Writers
小题3: Kate C. Detailed Reading of American Literature
小题4: Tommy D. Story and Plot
小题5:Jerry E. Characters and Life
F. Literature Comments
小题1:You ___________________ (没必要告诉) her the news yesterday, for I had told her earlier.(need)
小题2: As we all know, it was _____________________(他的粗心) that resulted in the car accident.(careless)
小题3:The press conference, originally _______________________(将在明天举行), has to be put off for some reason.(hold)
小题4: ___________________(是我莫大的荣幸) to have been invited to speak at the coming 100th anniversary of our univerity. (honour)
小题5: If it had not been for your help, _________________(我们不会生活幸福) now.(live)
小题6: Some experts recommend signs and posters be put up in areas ____________________(不允许抽烟的地方).(allow)
小题7:_____________________(没有公汽)at that time, we had to walk home.(there)
小题8:I really don’t know where I _______________________(钱被偷). (have)
小题9: It was the driver rather than the two children __________________(为……负责)the accident.(responsible)
小题10: No sooner _____________________(我们一冲出) of the building than it fell down---how lucky we were! (rush)
__小题1:__ Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks of time,such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle.__小题2:_ Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television,as that will encourage passive activity.__小题3:__
You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve set up a good study time for little learners,set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
_小题4:__ Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
__小题5:__ This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.
A.Pick a place where your children can study properly. |
B.Hold them to the schedule (时间表) they create for themselves. |
C.Finally, spend time with your kids when they"re studying. |
D.Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement,too. |
F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.
该行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
Get a good education is more important today than 小题1: _______________
ever before. In Canada mostly children attend public 小题2: _______________
schools. Public schools are mainly found by governments 小题3: ______________
through tax income. Students in Canada taught in 小题4: _______________
English and in French. The rests of Canadian children 小题5: _______________
attend private schools, that are supported mainly by fees 小题6: _______________
paying by parents. By law ,the children must attend 小题7: _______________
the school from age 5 to 16. There are several different 小题8: _______________
levels in the Canadian education system .The first was 小题9: _______________
called Elementary Schools ,which include kindergartens 小题10: _______________
through grade 7 or 8.
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