题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
It seems that not everyone is afraid of the same thing. What makes one person scared can be of no big deal for someone else. Plenty of kids said their biggest fear wasn’t on our list.
What is fear?
Fear is a feeling that everyone has — it’s programmed into all of us — and that’s a good thing because fear is there to protect us. We’re born with a sense of fear so we can react to something that could be dangerous. The baby cries, and their mom comes over to comfort him or her, helping the baby feel safe and OK again.
Real vs. Pretend
The best way to get over a fear is to get more information about it. As kids get older, they understand more and start seeing the difference between what is real and unreal. So when William’s imagination leads him to think of witches, he can tell himself, “Wait a minute. They’re only pretend things. I don’t need to worry about them.”
The same goes for the dark. A kid’s imagination can start playing tricks when the lights go out. What’s under my bed? Is that a thief I hear? With the help of a parent, kids can get more comfortable in the dark. Using a nightlight or shining a flashlight under the bed to see that there’s nothing there can help kids fight that fear.
小题1:Which of the following can’t help a kid fight the fear of dark?
| A．Using imaginations to think of witches. |
| B．Their parents coming over to comfort them. |
| C．Using a nightlight to see there’s nothing under the bed. |
| D．Shining a flashlight to see there’s nothing under the bed. |
| A．Ugly. | B．Usual. |
| C．Unreal. | D．Lovely |
| A．Fourteen scary things kids list. |
| B．People are afraid of different things. |
| C．The biggest fear for kids are always the same. |
| D．The things frighten people are the same as the survey. |
| A．Having a sense of fear is not a bad thing. |
| B．Nothing can help kids to get over a fear. |
| C．Fear is something we get when we are older. |
| D．Not all people can react to dangerous things. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了小孩子恐惧的事物。通过调查列出了孩子恐惧的事物，由此作者发现人们害怕的事物是不同的，并标明害怕并不是一件坏事。
小题1:细节理解题。文章最后一段介绍如何帮助孩子战胜对于黑暗的恐惧。根据第二行With the help of a parent, kids can get more comfortable in the dark.“在父母的帮助下，孩子们会感觉更加舒适。”可知B正确；根据最后一句Using a nightlight or shining a flashlight under the bed to see that there’s nothing there can help kids fight that fear.“使用小夜灯或是手电筒在床下照一下，发现什么也没有这样可以帮助孩子们战胜恐惧。”可知B、C正确。故选A。
小题2:词义猜测题。根据上文讲述真实与不真实的事情，再结合本句Wait a minute. They’re only pretend things. I don’t need to worry about them.“等一下。他们只是假想的。我不需要担心他们。”可知答案为C。
小题3:段落大意题。第二段主要讲述人们害怕的东西是不同的。故选B。
小题4:推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话Fear is a feeling that everyone has — it’s programmed into all of us — and that’s a good thing because fear is there to protect us.“害怕是每个人都会有的感觉，受我们自己控制的，这是一件好事因为害怕可以保护我们。”可知A正确，有害怕的感觉不是坏事。
核心考点
试题【Everybody is afraid of something. That’s what more than 1,700 kids told us when 】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing. It also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be helpful.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.
There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system that is the system which fights infection (感染). In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group — in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells that is the cells which fight infection.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.
小题1: We learn from the first paragraph that laughter .
| A．is good for one’s health |
| B．has strong effects to do with some illness |
| C．has been studied long since |
| D．has no effect on the body |
| A．keeps down blood pressure |
| B．has similar effects to physical exercise |
| C．decreases the heart rate |
| D．increases stress and pain |
| A．It makes pain less. |
| B．It exercises the body. |
| C．It improves the body’s immune system. |
| D．It can cure cancer. |
| A．about the same effects as laughter |
| B．more effects than laughter |
| C．fewer effects on the human body |
| D．no effects on the human body |
| A．the doctors should learn how to make people laugh |
| B．there are several ways of studying the advantages of laughter |
| C．tests show that laughter can produce positive effects on human body |
| D．laughter and physical exercise have the same effects on human body |
The man drove the new bus on Wednesday and noticed a difference right away. “I get to have clean air for a change”, said driver Melvin Day. “I’m smelling diesel all day long when I drive the old ones.”
The company that builds the buses had many good things to say about them. For example, they said they use a lot less fuel (燃料). They also said that they are 90% cleaner for the environment. The buses are very quiet, too.
The buses have a diesel engine in the back and batteries (电池) on top. When the engine starts up, it is powered by electricity. Then the diesel power takes over.
Over time the city would like to use the new hybrid buses instead of all 50 of their buses. They hope to do this over the next three years. The city will give money to help buy the new kind of buses.
One other bit of good news: the price of the bus ticket will not rise because of the new buses.
小题1:Why are the new buses better for the environment?| A．Because they’re cheaper than the old ones. |
| B．Because they are very quiet. |
| C．Because they run on diesel and electric power. |
| D．Because they are new. |
小题2:Which one is NOT TRUE about the new buses?| A．They use a lot less fuel. |
| B．They can drive faster than the old ones. |
| C．They will help keep the air cleaner. |
| D．The buses are very quiet. |
小题3:How many buses does the city have now?| A．490. | B．90. |
| C．45. | D．50. |
小题4:Which one is TRUE about this article?| A．The driver liked the new buses very much. |
| B．The new buses don’t use fuel at all. |
| C．The city will replace the old buses in a year. |
| D．The price of bus ticket will be high. |
小题5: What is the best title for the article?| A．The New Cars. | B．Electric Buses. |
| C．The Advantages of Electric Buses. | D．Buying New Buses. |
Cleaner ants carried waste food from inside the nest to outside. Hauler ants walked on the top of the nest and cleared rubbish. Gatherer ants went out to find food for the whole team and security ants fought against anyone who wanted to hurt the members of the team.
While she was watching the ants in the desert, Deborah found that the most interesting part was watching the ants dealing with difficulties, such as fighting against other insects that wanted to destroy their nest, or a big fire. At those moments, they would all stop what they were doing and go to help security ants to protect their home.
What do we do when people around us meet difficulties? What have we done to turn our world into a better place? It’s time to think.
小题1: If there was a fire near their home, the groups of ants would________.
| A．just do their own job |
| B．run away at once |
| C．help to fight against the fire |
| D．go back into their nest |
| A．Cleaner ants carried waste food from outside the nest to the inside. |
| B．Gatherer ants went out to find food for themselves. |
| C．Each group did their own job when meeting difficulties. |
| D．There were some other insects that wanted to destroy their nest. |
| A．everyone should help others when they meet difficulties |
| B．there were four groups of workers in the ant team |
| C．how Deborah Gordon lived in the desert |
| D．Deborah Gordon is a brave woman |
If you’re ready to add more physical activity(体育运动) to your life, here are some tips(建议).
Make physical activity part of your routine, like brushing your teeth or going to work. Try biking to work at least once a week, using the stairs more often, or walking to some places near home. But talk to your doctor before you start an exercise routine, especially if you haven’t been very active or have health problems.
Walking is one of the best fitness(健康) activities. To keep up a routine, you can walk with family members, friends or pets. Count your steps with a step counter(计数器). You can buy one at a sporting goods store. If you don’t have time for one 30-minute walk, break it into three 10-minute walks.
Find an activity that you enjoy, and stay with it. Change it with other activities so you don’t get bored. For example, walk three days a week, and swim or bike on the other days. Join a volleyball or basketball club for fun and exercise. By finding more activities you enjoy, you’ll have a greater chance for success.
小题1:The underlined word “routine” probably means “______” in Chinese.
A. 建议 B. 惯例 C. 爱好
小题2:What does the writer suggest doing before starting daily exercise?
A. Talking to the doctor.
B. Walking to work.
C. Buying a step counter.
小题3:How many tips does the writer mention when talking about the walking activity?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
小题4:To avoid getting bored with the same activity, we can ______.
A. break one 30-minute walk into three
B. change the activity we are staying with
C. do the activity with our family members
小题5:The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. the ways to count walking steps
B. some health problems we may face
C. some advice on physical activity
Usually the male(雄性的)butterflies are more brightly colored than the females．The females have bigger and heavier bodies since they carry the eggs．The bright colors of the males help to attract the females，and the duller(较暗淡的)colors of the females make them less likely(可能的)to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs．
Some butterflies have bright pattern colors on the upper surface of their wings that show when flying ,but when they rest on a tree or leaves , they close their wings．On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown marks which look like the tree or leaves．They are then difficult to be seen．The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly．When its wings are c1osed，it looks exactly like a dead leaf．There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf．When the butterfly is run after by a bird，it closes its wings and seems to have disappeared completely．
Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes．The round marks have a useful function(功能)．When the butterflies are resting，their wings are closed，and these marks can’t be seen. When a bird sees one，and begins to attack it，the butterfly will open its Wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it，frightened，and flies away．
小题1:The female butterflies have bigger and heavier bodies than the males because _______
| A．the females carry the eggs | B．the females eat more |
| C．the males are more active | D．the males have smaller wings |
| A．help to fly easily | B．help to attract the males |
| C．make them look fearful | D．make them harder to be caught |
| A．their wings | B．pattern colors |
| C．green leaves | D．some butterflies |
| A．is frightened and flies away at once |
| B．opens its eyes and stares at the bird |
| C．closes its wings and seems to have gone |
| D．opens its wings to frighten the bird away |
| A．why the butterfly can not be seen |
| B．how the butterfly opens its wings |
| C．what the round marks look like |
| D．what the function of the round marks is |
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