题目
英语达人帮忙翻译一段文字吧 要求读起来通顺,意思明确,直接用翻译工具翻译的 请整理下 谢谢
Growing Employment
The best antidote to poverty is economic growth. There is much evidence linking poverty reduction to economic growth – the so-called ‘trickle down’ effect. It is assumed that economic growth will automatically lead to job creation that in turn will lead to poverty reduction. Contemporary history clearly shows that it is the private sector that is the best engine of job creation. For example, China has made the single largest contribution to global poverty reduction in the last three decades. Since the beginning of reforms in 1978, more than 250 million people have been lifted out of poverty in China. The private sector has been the fastest growing segment of the economy, growing at 20% per year for the last 25 years, more than double the economy’s average. Since 1992, the private sector has created three quarters of all jobs created, according to the International Finance Corporation. There is, of course, no simple answer to how to stimulate the growth of the private sector. The World Bank measures the ease of doing business in 183 countries by focusing on indicators in ten different areas ranging from ‘starting a business’ to ‘protecting investors’ to ‘closing a business’. This helps understanding of how various policies, laws and regulations can facilitate the growth of the private sector, especially the SME sector.
It is true that no country has significantly reduced poverty without experiencing
economic growth. But, economic growth has had widely different impact on poverty
reduction across countries. A 1 per cent increase in per capita GDP can reduce income poverty by as much as 4 per cent or as little as 1 per cent. The link between economic growth and poverty reduction is mediated by job creation. It is possible to have economic development without significant job creation, which then leads to lesser impact on poverty reduction. In recent years, many least developed countries have achieved higher rates of economic growth than in the past and even higher growth of exports. But there is a widespread sense that this is not translating effectively into poverty reduction and improved human well-being. Analyzing the recent economic history of Mexico, Zepeda concludes, “mainstream policies managed to generate growth that proved neither pro-poor nor sustainable. The Mexican experience shows the need to leave behind the blind faith in market forces and embrace employment-based policies.”
Growing Employment
The best antidote to poverty is economic growth. There is much evidence linking poverty reduction to economic growth – the so-called ‘trickle down’ effect. It is assumed that economic growth will automatically lead to job creation that in turn will lead to poverty reduction. Contemporary history clearly shows that it is the private sector that is the best engine of job creation. For example, China has made the single largest contribution to global poverty reduction in the last three decades. Since the beginning of reforms in 1978, more than 250 million people have been lifted out of poverty in China. The private sector has been the fastest growing segment of the economy, growing at 20% per year for the last 25 years, more than double the economy’s average. Since 1992, the private sector has created three quarters of all jobs created, according to the International Finance Corporation. There is, of course, no simple answer to how to stimulate the growth of the private sector. The World Bank measures the ease of doing business in 183 countries by focusing on indicators in ten different areas ranging from ‘starting a business’ to ‘protecting investors’ to ‘closing a business’. This helps understanding of how various policies, laws and regulations can facilitate the growth of the private sector, especially the SME sector.
It is true that no country has significantly reduced poverty without experiencing
economic growth. But, economic growth has had widely different impact on poverty
reduction across countries. A 1 per cent increase in per capita GDP can reduce income poverty by as much as 4 per cent or as little as 1 per cent. The link between economic growth and poverty reduction is mediated by job creation. It is possible to have economic development without significant job creation, which then leads to lesser impact on poverty reduction. In recent years, many least developed countries have achieved higher rates of economic growth than in the past and even higher growth of exports. But there is a widespread sense that this is not translating effectively into poverty reduction and improved human well-being. Analyzing the recent economic history of Mexico, Zepeda concludes, “mainstream policies managed to generate growth that proved neither pro-poor nor sustainable. The Mexican experience shows the need to leave behind the blind faith in market forces and embrace employment-based policies.”
提问时间：2021-02-13
答案
就业是最好的贫穷解药.有许多证据表明经济增长能减少贫困 - 所谓的'从天上掉下来的'效果.据推测,将自动导致经济增长创造就业机会,反过来会导致贫穷的减少.当代历史清楚地表明,私人创业是创造就业岗位的最佳引擎.
例如,中国做出了最大贡献,全球贫困人口减少,在过去的三十年.自1978年改革以来,中国已有超过2.5亿人摆脱了贫穷.私营部门是经济增长最快的部分,每年增长20％,为过去25年中,超过一倍,经济的平均水平.
自1992年以来,私营部门已经建立了三个季度的一切创造就业机会,根据国际金融组织所说没有简单的答案能够证明如何刺激私营部门的增长.世界银行措施在183个国家通过十种不同的地区由'创业'到'保护投资者的指标聚焦便利营商企业的关闭'.这有助于对如何把不同的政策,法规和规章制度可以促进私营部门成长,特别是中小型企业部门增长.当然,任何国家都没有遇到明显降低经济增长的贫困.但是,经济增长已经是国家减少贫困的有力措施.
每人均国内生产总值增加百分之一可以减少高达百分之四的收入贫困或高达百分之一.与经济增长和减少贫困的联系是通过创造就业机会介入的.这与没有能创造就业机会有很大关系,这进而导致对扶贫的影响较小.近年来,许多最不发达国家取得了比过去的出口,甚至更高的增长更高的经济增长率.但是,有一种普遍的意识,这没有转化为减少贫困和改善人类福祉的有效措施.
分析最近的墨西哥经济史,Zepeda结论是：“主流政策设法证明既不产生增长,扶贫也不能持久.墨西哥的经验表明有必要留下了市场力量的迷信,树立以就业为基础的政策!
例如,中国做出了最大贡献,全球贫困人口减少,在过去的三十年.自1978年改革以来,中国已有超过2.5亿人摆脱了贫穷.私营部门是经济增长最快的部分,每年增长20％,为过去25年中,超过一倍,经济的平均水平.
自1992年以来,私营部门已经建立了三个季度的一切创造就业机会,根据国际金融组织所说没有简单的答案能够证明如何刺激私营部门的增长.世界银行措施在183个国家通过十种不同的地区由'创业'到'保护投资者的指标聚焦便利营商企业的关闭'.这有助于对如何把不同的政策,法规和规章制度可以促进私营部门成长,特别是中小型企业部门增长.当然,任何国家都没有遇到明显降低经济增长的贫困.但是,经济增长已经是国家减少贫困的有力措施.
每人均国内生产总值增加百分之一可以减少高达百分之四的收入贫困或高达百分之一.与经济增长和减少贫困的联系是通过创造就业机会介入的.这与没有能创造就业机会有很大关系,这进而导致对扶贫的影响较小.近年来,许多最不发达国家取得了比过去的出口,甚至更高的增长更高的经济增长率.但是,有一种普遍的意识,这没有转化为减少贫困和改善人类福祉的有效措施.
分析最近的墨西哥经济史,Zepeda结论是：“主流政策设法证明既不产生增长,扶贫也不能持久.墨西哥的经验表明有必要留下了市场力量的迷信,树立以就业为基础的政策!
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