题目

求半立方抛物线y^2=2/3(x-1)^3被抛物线y^2=x/3所截得的一段弧的长度

提问时间：2020-12-09

答案

联立y^2=2/3(x-1)^3和y^2=x/3得
2(x-1)^3=x
令x-1=t,得2t^3=t+1
2t^3-t-1=0
2t^3-2t+t-1=0
2t(t^2-1)+(t-1)=0
2t(t+1)(t-1)+(t-1)=0
(t-1)[2t(t+1)+1]=0
(t-1)(2t^2+2t+1)=0
得t=1（2t^2+2t+1=0无解）
故x=t+1=1+1=2,y=±√(2/3)=±√6/3
半立方抛物线y^2=2/3(x-1)^3,两边对x求导得
2y*dy/dx=2/3*3(x-1)^2=2(x-1)^2
y'=dy/dx=(x-1)^2/y
于是√(1+y'^2)=√[1+(x-1)^4/y^2]=√{1+(x-1)^4/[2/3*(x-1)^3}=√[(3x-1)/2]
则该段圆弧长度L=2∫(x:0,2)√(1+y'^2)dx
=2∫(x:1,2) √[(3x-1)/2]dx
=2*√(3/2)*∫(x:1,2) √(x-1/3)dx
=√6*2/3*(x-1/3)^(3/2)|(x;1,2)
=2(5√10-4)/9