题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Friendship has great power, and it can inspire the people in trouble as well as in easy circumstances.
Recently, one of my best friends, whom I"ve 21 just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I 22 to a new town several years ago, we"ve both always looked forward to 23 times a year when we can see each other.
Over the weekend, we 24 hours and hours, staying up late 25 the night, talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he 26 with drugs and was into other self-destructive[自毁] 27 . I was blown away! She told me how she had been 28 to her parents about where she was going and even sneaking out to see this guy because they didn"t want her around him. No matter 29 hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didn"t believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.
I tried to convince her that she was ruining her future and heading for big 30 . I felt like I was getting 31 . I just couldn"t believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.
By the time she left, I was really worried about her and 32 by the experience. It had been so 33 , I had come close to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to continue our friendship - but I didn"t. I put the 34 of friendship to the 35 test. We"d been friends for far too long. I had to hope that she 36 me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could conquer anything.
A few days 37 , she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our 38 , and then she told me that she had 39 with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the 40 rewarding moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.
21. A. divided B. shared C. experienced D. enjoyed
22. A. got B. traveled C. moved D. arrived
23. A. the few B. the little C. few D. little
24. A. took B. spared C. offered D. spent
25. A. into B. in C. for D. at
26. A. supplied B. experimented C. tried D. provided
27. A. action B. movements C. behavior D. activities
28. A. explaining B. speaking C. calling D. lying
29. A. what B. why C. how D. however
30. A. trouble B. worry C. difficulty D. task
31. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere
32. A. burned down B. turned down C. turned out D. worn out
33. A. discouraging B. encouraging C. exciting D. inspiring
34. A. strength B. force C. power D. energy
35. A. last B. final C. late D. recent
36. A. treated B. regarded C. honored D. valued
37. A. later B. after C. ago D. before
38. A. information B. dialogue C. conversation D. communication
39. A. broken out B. broken up C. broken away D. broken off
40. A. luckily B. correctly C. naturally D. truly
答案
21—25 BCADA 26—30 BCDCA 31—35 BDACB 36—40 DACBD
解析
核心考点
试题【第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
B
Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.
Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.
"If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we"re being watched we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said.
"We thought we"d get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to."
The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
45. This passage is mainly about _______________.
A. the policy of honesty B. an honesty box to collect money
C. evolution on honesty D. an experiment on honesty
46. The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers _____________.
A. wanted to get a comparatively more exact result
B. had known they wanted to do something illegally
C. meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues
D. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price
47. People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _____________.
A. they want to leave a good impression B. they fear to be laughed at by others
C. they"ve got the nature through evolutionD. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes
48. Images of a pair of eyes can be applied to all except _____.
A. tickets sales on public transport B. cold drink sales in public places
C. places with “No spitting!” signs D. Christmas decorations in one’s home
Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are 36 . You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you 37 to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He 38 .
Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He 39 that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready 40 , muttering to yourself about how you 41 have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so 42 to get ready.
Your conclusion is correct. Your 43 of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s 44 to wake you resulted from a miscommunication. 45 he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.
46 at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is 47 in systems thinking.
Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with 48 the quality practices to Japan. 49 his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with 50 quality.
So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a 51 to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound. 52 on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(证明) that 94 % of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that 53 people want to do a good job.
What, then, is the 54 if it’s not the people?
It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the 55 , not the people.
36. A. relaxed B. puzzled C. concerned D. tired
37. A. try B. decide C. promise D. expect
38. A. agrees B. admits C. accepts D. adopts
39. A. wonders B. doubts C. replies D. requests
40. A. carelessly B. quickly C. angrily D. suddenly
41. A. should B. could C. might D. would
42. A. slow B. rushed C. uncertain D. satisfied
43. A. understanding B. presentation C. description D. analysis
44. A. forgetfulness B. unwillingness C. failure D. fault
45. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Whether
46. A. Glaring B. Staring C. Glancing D. Looking
47. A. left B. found C. received D. completed
48. A. bringing B. turning C. fetching D. leading
49. A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since
50. A. different B. poor C. best D. high
51. A. difference B. destruction C. decoration D. distinction
52. A. Based B. Relied C. Focused D. Counted
53. A. few B. fewer C. more D. most
54. A. reason B. cause C. effect D. result
55. A. incidents B. accidents C. cases D. actions
A quick check of your internet-connected refrigerator magnet tells your train, which travels at speeds up to 230 miles an hour, is a bit behind schedule, too. So you decide to drive your environmentally-friendly hydrogen fuel cell car instead, or rather, let your car drive you. It’s programmed to know the way, and it will get you there without speeding, getting lost, or crashing.
Settling into your office chair, which changes colour to match what you’re wearing, you pick up yesterday morning’s newspaper. Printed on reusable electronic paper, it instantly rewrites itself with today’s headlines. Now it’s time for your big meeting. Uh-oh! You’ve left your handwritten notes at home. No problem. The digital ink pen you used has stored an electronic copy of what you wrote.
Your wristwatch videophone suddenly rings. Your best friend’s face pops up on the organic light-emitting diode screen asking what you’re doing this weekend. “Will you slap on your 3-D contact lenses and play virtual soccer with the US Olympic team?” “No, no,” Your friend says, “I want to take the elevator which is made of microscopic fibers many times stronger than steel to get into space.”
Could this scene really take place in just a couple of decades? The researchers who are currently developing all this stuff think so. These gadgets(器械) may be as common in 20 years as cell phones and DVD players are today.
63. According to the passage, __________.
A. your office colour will change to that of what you’re wearing
B. newspapers will go electronic C. you usually go to work by car
D. the digital ink pen makes writing so easy
64. You decide to use your hydrogen fuel cell car because __________.
A. it is safe, quick and comfortable B. it is environmentally-friendly
C. your train is late for some reason D. you are too late to catch your train
65. What will life be like in the year of 2050 according to the passage?
A. Space tourism will be a reality. C. Transportation will be trouble-free.
B. Videophones will replace face-to-face communication.
D. People will have more time to go in for their hobbies.
For years studies have shown people in lower-status jobs generally have higher rates of heart disease and other illnesses and die earlier than those in higher-status positions while job authority has shown no relationship with workers’ health.
But University of Toronto researchers, using data from 1,800 US workers, found the health of people in higher positions is affected by work as they are more likely to report conflicts with co-workers and say work disturbs their home life.
However, the positive aspects of having a power position at work, such as higher status, more pay and greater independence, seemed to cancel out the negative aspects when it came to people’s physical and psychological health.
These latest findings, reported in the journal Social Science & Medicine, suggest that the advantages and disadvantages authority positions basically cancel each other out, giving the general impression that job authority has no health effects.
For the study, the researchers surveyed participants about various aspects of their work, life and well-being. Job authority was judged based on whether a person managed other employees and had power over hiring, firing and pay.
Physical health complaints included problems like headaches, body aches, heartburn and tiredness. Psychological complaints included sleep problems, difficulty concentrating and feelings of sadness, worry and anxiety.
“This isn’t to suggest that having authority is ‘bad’—in fact, we show it has benefits ... but it is important to identify the negative sides and deal with them.” researcher Scott Schieman said.
Schieman said conflicts with co-workers or involvement of work into home life may destroy at physical and mental well-being by creating stress.
“These are key stressors that can tax individuals’ ability to function effectively,” Schieman said.
56. Work will have a negative effect on job authority’s health probably because __________.
A. they are not fit for their work
B. they have power over hiring and pay
C. they are faced with severe competition
D. they don’t get on well with their co-workers
57. Most people don’t see that bosses have health effects because __________.
A. their health problems are not serious enough to see
B. they have enough money to keep themselves healthy
C. their problems are quite different from those of workers
D. the advantages and disadvantages of their status work against each other
58. From the passage we can infer that the study aims to _________.
A. warn people not to be a boss for ever
B. remind the boss to deal with the bad effects of their work
C. show that having authority is harmful to one’s health
D. prove that being a boss can benefit a lot
59. The best title for this passage might be ________.
A. Lower-status can affect health B. Authority can affect health
C. Positive aspects of a power position D. Disadvantages of being a boss
Freda Bright says, "Only in opera do people die of love." It"s true. You really can"t love somebody to death.
A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ___36____ her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt ___37____ and apprehensive（惴惴不安）. Late in the afternoon she ___38____ the courage to approach her employer. To her delight, the boss agreed to a raise.
The woman arrived home that evening to a beautiful table ___39____ with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festive meal. She ___40____ if someone from the office had ___41____ him off, or... did he just ___42____ know that she would not get turned down? She found him in the kitchen and told him the good ___43____. They embraced and kissed, then ___44____ down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It ___45___: "Congratulations, darling! I knew you"d get the raise! These things will tell you how much I love you."
___46___ the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to clean up. She ___47___ that a second card had fallen from his pocket. Picking it off the ___48___, she read: "Don"t worry about not getting the raise! You ___49___ it anyway! These things will tell you how much I love you."
Someone has said that the ___50___ of love is when you love without measure. What this man feels for his spouse（配偶）is total ___51___ and love, ___52___ she succeeds or fails. His love ___53___ her victories and comforts her wounds. He stands with her, no matter what life throws in their ___54___.
Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said: "What can you do to ___55___ world peace? Go home and love your family." And love your friends. Love them without measure.
36. A. inform B. require C. ask D. advise
37. A. nervous B. excited C. embarrassed D. relaxed
38. A. called B. lifted C. scattered D. gathered
39. A. laid B. set C. made D. brought
40. A. realized B. knew C. mattered D. wondered
41. A. tipped B. cut C. put D. broke
42. A. somewhat B. somehow C. anyhow D. anyway
43. A. decision B. salary C. news D. employer
44. A. got B. looked C. sat D. lay
45. A. read B. wrote C. went D. told
46. A. Preparing B. Following C. Arranging D. Cooking
47. A. watched B. observed C. stared D. noticed
48. A. table B. bed C. floor D. pocket
49. A. deserve B. suppose C. answer D. honor
50. A. depth B. measure C. length D. width
51. A. preference B. absence C. assistance D. acceptance
52. A. whether B. what C. why D. where
53. A. shows B. supports C. celebrates D. approves
54. A. condition B. direction C. surroundings D. scenery
55. A. enjoy B. achieve C. settle D. promote
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