题目
题型：江苏月考题难度：来源：
cold, or if you get sick, should you follow the old saying, "feed a cold and starve a fever?" And what about that fever? Should you take medicine to reduce your temperature, or is it better to let the body treat the
fever itself? Everyone seems to have an answer. But is popular wisdom valuable?
Doctor Nelson knows a lot about cold and flu seasons. Nelson says research may be just starting to
provide proofs for long-held beliefs. For example, scientists for years were against the idea that getting
cold and wet might cause colds or flu. But recent studies have shown that cold temperatures cause stress
on the body, and that stress can create conditions more inviting to viruses. So maybe it does make sense
to wrap up warmly before going outside.
And what about feeding a cold and starving a fever? Nelson says if you have a cold and are hungry,
you should eat. But a fever, especially a high one, suggests a more serious problem. He says people are
usually not hungry when they have a high fever. Eating might even make a person sick. But drinking
enough water is important. A fever easily makes the body lose water.
Finally, when should you treat a fever? Nelson says a fever should be treated if it stays at
40℃ or above for a day or more. A high temperature can damage brain cells. The doctor also believes in
treating a fever if it prevents a person from sleeping.
Medicine like aspirin, for example, can be used to reduce pain and fever. But aspirin should not be given to children because it can cause serious problems.
B. is now trying his best to provide proofs for long-held beliefs.
C. doesn"t think it necessary to see a doctor immediately if a person has a temperature of 40℃
D. doesn"t think it necessary to treat a fever even if it prevents someone from sleeping.
B. drink enough water
C. try to eat something
D. take some exercise outside
B. Whether the old advice about preventing a cold is valuable.
C. What the medicine , aspirin, is used for.
D. Why people should eat when having a cold.
B. it is easier for people to catch colds when their bodies are stressed.
C. some old advice about preventing colds doesn"t make any sense.
D. the idea that getting cold can cause flu was proved true years ago.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Autumn and winter are cold and flu seasons. Will the old advice about 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
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The health dangers of smoking have been well reported. For years, doctors have warned that
smoking can cause lung cancer. Studies also have linked smoking to several other kinds of cancer,
heart attacks and other diseases, lung diseases, and a number of other medical problems. The
repeated health warnings have had an effect. Thousands of people have stopped smoking. But as
many people have learned, stopping smoking can be very difficult.
A major problem apparently is the nicotine, a poisonous substance found in tobacco. Small
amounts of nicotine are released as tobacco is burned. And over many years of smoking, a person"s
body becomes dependent on the substance. A try to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine
withdrawal(脱瘾过程).
American medical researchers have found that nicotine withdrawal causes people to become angry
very easily, aggressive, worried and unable to think sharply. Many people who have tried to stop
smoking would confirm those findings.
To help people give up smoking, some tobacco companies have proposed chewing tobacco,
or using snuff as safe substitutes(替代物). Snuff is a tobacco powder that usually is breathed in.
But many people put it between their gum and cheek.
A group of British scientists said recently that many lives could be saved by a major program to
get cigarette smokers to change to snuff. An American scientist, Allan Blum, disagreed. Dr. Blum
argued that snuff, put in the mouth, can cause gum disease, teeth problems and throat problems that
lead to cancer. Dr. Blum also warned against chewing tobacco as a substitute for smoking. He said
chewing tobacco can lead to cancer of the mouth, throat or digestive system.
Medical researchers say another possible substitute for smoking is a special nicotine chewing gum.
The gum is already sold in Europe and Canada. A report says research shows that the chewing gum
will increase the amount of nicotine in a person"s blood. This helps satisfy some people"s desire for a
cigarette. However, the report says, the chewing gum also leads to some unpleasant side effects. And
it may be dangerous for people with heart problems.
Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is
to do it completely, suddenly, all at once. The report by Saul Shirtman and Dr. Murray Jogbett says
that by stopping all at once, the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days. But,
they say, by continuing to smoke, even a little less each day, the problems of withdrawal never end
completely.
say.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,more than 126 million Americans who
don"t smoke are exposed to secondhand smoke in their homes,vehicles,workplaces,and public places.
This exposure causes thousands of lung cancer and heart disease deaths among nonsmokers every year,
according to the California Environmental Protection Agency.
"Making the leap from the effects of secondhand smoke on humans to their effects on pets isn"t a big
one," says veterinarian (兽医专家) Carolynn MacAllister of Oklahoma State University.
"There have been a number of scientific papers recently that have reported the significant health threat
secondhand smoke poses to pets," MacAllister said. "Secondhand smoke has been associated with oral
cancer and lymphoma in cats,lung and nasal cancer in dogs,as well as lung cancer in birds. "
Studies have also shown that dogs living in a smoking household are susceptible to cancers of the
nose and sinus area,particularly if they are a long-nosed breed,because their noses have a greater surface
area that is exposed to carcinogens and a greater area for them to accumulate. Dogs affected with nasal
cancer normally don"t survive for more than one year.
"Short and medium-nosed dogs are more susceptible to lung cancer,because their shorter nasal
passage aren"t as effective at accumulating the inhaled secondhand smoke carcinogens," MacAllister
said. "This results in more carcinogens (致癌物质) reaching the lungs. "
Birds are also at risk for lung cancer,as well as pneumonia,because their respiratory systems are
hypersensitive to any type of air pollutant.
To help prevent animals from being adversely affected by smoking,pet owners who smoke should
have a designated smoking area that is separated from the home or stop smoking altogether,MacAllister
said.
B. non-smokers
C. pets
D. trees
B. Smokers can smoke at any time.
C. Smokers should smoke in the designated place.
D. Smokers must give up smoking at once.
B. Short-nosed dogs
C. Medium-nosed dogs
D. Dogs without noses
B. Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Birds
C. Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Pets
D. Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Cats
B. are hard to be influenced by
C. are less to be effected by
D. are lucky to be caught by
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will
almost certainly mention recycling.Recycling in the home is very important of course.
However,being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we
need.We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way
possible,but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home
in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.It now
makes up a third of a typical household"s waste in the UK.In many supermarkets
nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment.The UK,for example,
is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt,it gives off
greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps,but the process
itself uses energy.The solution is not to produce such items in the first place.Food waste is
a serious problem,too.Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they
need.However,a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue,encouraging
customers to reuse their plastic bags,for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets.It is about all of us.We have learned to associate
packaging with quality.We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality.
This is especially true of food.But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products,which
often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope.As more of us recycle,we are beginning to realise just how much
unnecessary material we are collecting.We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture,
but we have a mountain to climb.
B.Recycling too many wastes.
C.Making more products than necessary.
D.Having more material than is needed.
B.the increase of packaging recycling
C.the rapid growth of supermarkets
D.the fact of packaging overuse
B.means burning packaging for energy
C.is the solution to gas shortage
D.leads to a waste of land
B.Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C.It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D.Other products are better packaged than food
B.Needless material is mostly recycled.
C.People like collecting recyclable waste.
D.The author is proud of their consumer culture.
energy.It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your
muscles.So,exercise makes your heart and muscles strong.Exercise also makes you feel
refreshed.If you exercise a couple of times a week,you will stay happy and healthy.
Some Western countries,such as the United States,have problems with exercise.In the US,
many people don"t have enough exercise because it is hard for them.People have to work
from dawn till dusk,so they don"t have time to take exercise.They work in office buildings
sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers.They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk
passively.
Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work.However,the majority
of people cannot do this.It is too far from their homes to their offices.They have no choice but
to drive to work.In fact,some have to drive one or two hours to their offices.This is unfavourable
in two ways.First,these people don"t have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in
their cars for two to four hours each day.Second,driving is challenging especially in rush hours
and calls for too much attention.It makes a person worn out.So,when these people arrive home
at night,they don"t have the desire to take exercise after work.
Today,many people in the West are overweight,which causes health problems for them.
Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health.So many
people are trying to get more exercise.But it takes time to change,and when people don"t
see a difference right away,they will lose heart and stop exercising.
only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is
today, for man is slowly changing all the time.
Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he
is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively
a short period of time, so we may suppose that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the
modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20%
of the brain"s capacity(容量). As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more
and more, and finally we shall need our brains more and more, and finally we shall need larger
ones! This is likely to bring a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow
larger.
Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they
become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over long period of time it is likely that man"s
eyes will grow stronger.
On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are
likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because
they are used a great deal in modern life.
But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time
because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely
to be bald.
Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look
at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot
in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and motions similar to our own.
B. Future man will look quite different from us
C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time passes
D. Man"s organs" functions will change
B. Man"s hair is getting thinner and thinner.
C. Man"s arms and legs have become lighter and weaker.
D. Man has been growing taller over the past 500 years.
B. his brain has grown larger over the past centuries
C. he will use his brain more and more as time goes on
D. the other 80% of his brain will grow in due time
B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.
C. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn"t have to make use of them.
D. He thinks and feels in a different way.
B. body organs will become poorer if they are not used often
C. human beings hope for a change in the future life
D. future life is always predictable
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