People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事)or drive on weekends
benefit most from car sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are
non-profit (非营利的)and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have
access to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city,
so members only need to make a reservation, and then go to the pickup spot.
Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it reduces the number of cars on the road.
Members don"t drive just because they are in a car. They plan trips, and if they don"t need a car, they
don"t use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make a big trip to the grocery store, pick
someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by
having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually don"t have to pay for the
gas, insurance or maintenance (保养), and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car
payment. So if you really want to go green but aren’t ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may
be the way to go.
If you still need to get around, but want to go even greener than sharing a car, share a bus!
B. has become the best way to cut living costs
C. is becoming more and more popular in cities
D. is becoming popular both in urban and rural (乡村的)areas
B. Zipcar, different from other services, aims green driving with no profit
C. Zipcar is a company supplying car sharing service for a monthly payment
D. Zipcar is a company providing formal car sharing free
B. why car sharing benefits the environment
C. why car sharing is cheaper than owning a car
D. why a car is available to members
B. Car sharing can save you the headaches of ownership.
C. Bus sharing is even greener than car sharing.
D. Zipcar is the largest company offering car sharing services.
collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing
heart disease.
In a study of almost 3,000 men and 5,000 women, depressed men were 70 per cent more likely to
develop coronary (心脏的) heart disease than those who weren"t depressed. While depressed women
were just 12 per cent more likely to develop heart disease, those who were severely depressed were
78 per cent more likely. In fact, a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying
from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure.
The link works the other way around, too: While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major
depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a
heart attack.
The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health. But some studies suggest
that even mild depression, including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years, may damage
the heart. Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work.
Researchers aren"t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist.
One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves. They"re more
likely to eat high-fat, high-calorie "comfort" foods, less likely to exercise, and more likely to smoke. But
beyond lifestyle, there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease.
Recent studies found that people with severe, depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy 0-3
fatty acids. People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙). These
keep the body primed for fight or flight, raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all
of which put additional stress on coronary arteries (动脉) and prevent the body"s natural healing
mechanisms from working properly.
A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health, the nervous
system, the hormone system and so on. This science is gradually sorting out how the mind-body
connection affects us, or defenses against heart disease.
Generally, an estimated 10 per cent of American adults experience some form of depression every
year. Although available treatments can ease symptoms in more than 80 per cent of people treated, less
than half of those with depression get the help they need.
B. Heart Disease — Health Killer.
C. Depression — Mental Health Enemy.
D. Heart Disease — Depression Factor.
B. Depression, which is mild, can possibly cause damage to your health.
C. Most people who experience depression get treated as they should be.
D. Depression may have some influence on the function of heart disease medication.
following EXCEPT ______
B. severe heart disease may cause people to feel hopeless and depressed
C. depression may result in the lack of some kind of acids, which probably affects the working of
people"s heart
D. people with depression often have a high level of stress hormones, maybe, which will put extra
pressure on one s heart
B. the percentage of adults with depression is higher than that of depressed adults with heart disease
C. one"s lifestyle has relatively little relationship with one"s mental health
D. those with depression have a higher risk of developing heart disease
B. 症状
C. 处方
D. 患者
consequences of the oil spills(泄露) on people, nature, and the environment.
Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to
clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil. Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals
are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea.
Of all today"s environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious. Although oil
is poisonous, it is a natural material. In the end, it breaks down naturally. There are, of course, long-term
effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term.
Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill, we demand that
governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible. In 1967 the tanker Torrey
Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tons of oil into the ocean.
If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened.
Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that
we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage. Interestingly, the
biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run.
We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil. Govern
-ments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power, electricity, hydrogen, and so on. Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal.
If the world"s millions of cars were 10% more efficient -and the industry could easily produce cars at
least twice as efficient, we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year. If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too.
1. What is the passage mainly talking about?
A. Oil spills pollution.
B. What oil pollution is.
C. Oil tanker accidents.
D. How to reduce oil pollution.
2. How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
A. By giving a description.
B. By making an argument.
C. By giving an example.
D. By drawing a diagram.
3. What does the underlined word "risk" in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Transportation depending more on oil.
B. Poisonous oil breaking down naturally.
C. Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea.
D. More environmental damage being caused.
4. Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
A. We should build safer tankers in the near future.
B. We should develop new technologies to cut oil use.
C. Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines.
D. Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea.
but back pain. Back pain affects one in three British adults, cost the country over £5 billion every year
and is obviously difficult to treat.
But now Britain"s National Health Service (NHS) will be offering a new solution: acupuncture .
The ancient Chinese needle therapy has been around in the UK for many years, but for the first time it
has been officially supported by the NHS’ advisory body, the National Institute for Clinic Excellence (NICE).
Traditionally,doctors in the UK have advised back pain sufferers to stay active,do stretching exercises
and take painkillers when necessary. In more serious cases some people are given X-rays treatment or
injections with therapeutic substances.
NICE, however,says there is evidence that acupuncture may be more effective than expensive X-rays
or injections, to patients who have been s uffering for over six weeks should be given acupuncture
treatments.
As an alternative to acupuncture , patients will be able to choose either a course of spinal manipulation (脊柱推拿) or a series of special sessions.
In the UK, acupuncture is classified as a complementary (辅助的) therapy, which is the term given
to a medical procedure which hasn"t been subjected to the strict trials by which scientists prove some
treatment work.
While many experts have welcomed the move to make acupuncture available on the NHS, some are
still skeptical about its effectiveness.
Research from the US earlier this month found that simulated acupuncture using toothpicks which do
not pierce the skin could be as good as using real needles.
So while some are yet to be convinced, back pain sufferers will be hoping that acupuncture helps
them feel healthy and mobile again. Employers, on the other hand, will be hoping it gets them back to
work.
B. The largest cause of sick leave.
C. The ancient Chinese medicine.
D. Different ways to treat back pain.
B. To use the Chinese needle therapy
C. To take X-ray treatment or injections
D. To stay active and do stretching exercises
B. Patients taking acupuncture have to take a course of spinal manipulation.
C. Patients suffering back pain for a long time are more advised to use acupuncture.
D. Acupuncture costs less money and has lower effects than X-rays or injections
B. Some British don"t have trust in it
C. The main British treatment is very effective.
D. Its medical procedure hasn"t been strictly tested scientifically.
Earlier this month, the Obama Administration called for increasing protection of the world"s most
southern continent, Antarctica. Scientists say climate change and human activities have increasingly led
to the melting of massive pieces of Antarctic ice. The disappearance of ice will not only affect wildlife
in the area such as seals and penguins. The melting will also cause oceans and seas around the world
to rise.
This represents a major threat, especially to coastal areas. For example, the ancient city of Venice,
Italy has long been threatened by rising sea levels. The situation is made worse by the fact that its
ancient buildings, built on a body of water called a lagoon(淡水湖), are slowly sinking. When the city
was founded about 1,600 years ago, the level of the Adriatic Sea was almost two meters lower than it
is today.
Rising sea levels are not the only threat. The salty water is also destroying Venice"s famous buildings
and artworks. The Italian government is trying to fix the problem with the construction of a
seven-billion-dollar system of moving flood barriers.
Climate change is also leading to the melting of ice in other areas, such as Mount Kilimanjaro in
northeastern Tanzania. It is the highest point in Africa, measuring almost 6,000 meters. The mountain
supports five vegetation zones and many kinds of animals.
The ice glaciers on the mountain are disappearing very quickly. This will have a bad effect on the
mountain"s ecosystems and on Tanzania"s travel industry. Also, a valuable record of thousands of years
of weather history will also be lost if the ice melts. Scientists study pieces of glaciers to understand
weather patterns from thousands of years ago.
In the United States, the icy masses in Glacier National Park in Montana may soon completely
disappear because of climate change. In 1850, it is estimated that there were 150 glaciers in the more
than 400,000 hectare park.
There are 26 glaciers remaining today. Scientists estimate that the glaciers will be gone by 2030.
Warming temperatures are also threatening the many kinds of plants and animals that live in this mountain
ecosystem.
1. The writer developed the passage mainly by ______.
A. giving examples
B. listing reasons
C. making comparisons
D. using quotations
2. How many glaciers have disappeared since 1850 in Glacier National Park?
A. 150.
B. 26.
C. 400,000.
D. About 124.
3. According to the passage, what has been affected in Italy by rising sea levels?
A. Many kinds of plants and animals died out in Italy.
B. Venice"s famous buildings and artworks are being destroyed completely.
C. The ice glaciers on the mountain are disappearing very quickly.
D. Its ancient buildings could be drowned.
4. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Climate Change
B. The Melting of Massive Pieces of Antarctic Ice
C. Visiting Endangered Places around the World
D. The disappearing of the Ice Glaciers
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
Agriculture Organization says aquaculture is growing by a rate of 6.6 percent a year.
Aquaculture now produces forty-six percent of the world"s supply of fish. 2 . The report also said
aquaculture earned more money in 2008 than traditional fisheries.
In aquaculture, fish are raised in tanks or small bodies of water called ponds. They also are raised in
cages or nets in oceans, lakes and rivers.
The report says increased aquaculture has helped people around the world eat record amounts of
fish. 3. But the FAO says the current yearly wild-fish harvest of 90 million tons shows no improvement.
Decreasing numbers of fish and stronger catch limits have reduced the possibilities for catching wild fish.
The FAO report says about thirty-two percent of world supplies are overfished, depleted(大量削减)
or recovering. It said these supplies of fish need to be urgently rebuilt.
4. They say the nets and cages permit fish diseases and pests to spread. Some aquaculture critics
doubt that aquaculture can keep growing at the current rate. But Wally Stevens of the trade group
Global Aquaculture Alliance says the industry must continue developing to feed growing populations.
Mr. Stevens says a one hundred percent increase in fish farming over ten years is necessary to keep
providing for people at the current level. He notes that aquaculture creates jobs and wealth, especially
for people in coastal areas of China. The FAO reports that China remains the world"s largest
fish-producing nation. 5.
A. Hungary is rich in waterways, but traditionally most Hungarians eat fish only at Christmastime.
B. A new United Nations report shows that fish farming or aquaculture may soon lead fish production.
C. Last week a study of one hundred ninety-nine countries and territories confirmed what many people
may have already noticed.
D. The FAO says each person ate an average of almost 17 kilograms of fish last year.
E. China produces more than sixty percent of the world"s farmed fish.
F. That represents a forty-three percent increase from 2006.
G. Some scientists have criticized aquaculture.
- 1阅读理解。 When you see homework covering the kitchen table a
- 2火车在水平铁轨上做匀加速直线运动时,牵引力F和发动机的瞬时功率P的变化情况是( )(设火车受到的阻力一定)A.F增大,
- 3学校为了奖励七年级的优秀学生,购买了甲乙两种奖品共50个,甲种奖品每个5元,乙种奖品每个8元,若两种奖品共花费 280
- 4“水能载舟,亦能覆舟”的地理含义是( )A.说明水资源具有水害与水利的双重性B.说明水资源时多时少,少的时候能载舟,
- 5已知双曲线经过点A(1,4103),且a=4,求双曲线的标准方程.
- 6(12分)阅读下列材料,回答问题。材料 20世纪80年代以来,史学界掀起了关于清末预备立宪的学术争鸣。一部分学者认为,
- 7在炎热的夏天,皮肤的反应是( )A.多数血管舒张,血流量大,皮肤温度高B.多数血管收缩,血流量小,皮肤温度低C.多数血
- 8 《金鸟》一文中,小王子为了得到金鸟,作了一系列交换的承诺。但当他得到公主后,却一再食言,这是不是不守信用?这个情节设
- 9周文王告诫臣民:“山林非时,不升斤斧,以成草木之长;川泽非时,不入网罟,以成鱼鳖之长。”这给我们的哲学启示是 A.自然
- 10我们能够从不同方向看清不发光的物体,是由于物体对光发生了______(选填“镜面反射”或“漫反射”),这种反射_____
- 1读“经纬网示意图”,完成1—2题。 1.甲、乙、丙、丁四地中,位于南半球与西半球的是 [ ]A.甲B.乙C.丙
- 2如图,四边形ABCD是矩形,AB:AD=4:3,把矩形沿直线AC折叠,点B落在点E处,连接DE,则DE:AC=_____
- 3如图是甲、乙两种固体物质的溶解度曲线.(1)溶解度随温度升高而减小的物质是______.(2)t1℃时,甲、乙两种物质的
- 4人类历史上发生的三次科技革命的共同影响不包括: [ ]A.推动了社会生产力的发展 B.改变了人们的生活方式 C.
- 5青铜是人类最早使用的铜、锡合金,下列说法中不正确的是( )A.青铜属于纯净物B.青铜属于金属材料C.青铜的硬度比铜大D
- 6在生物体内,细胞没有表现出全能性,而是分化为不同的组织、器官,是因为[ ]A.细胞丧失了全能性B.基因的表达有选
- 7二元一次不等式组4x+3y+8≥0x≤0y≤0表示的平面区域的面积是______.
- 8如图,把直角梯形ABCD沿射线AB的方向平移到直角梯形EFGH的位置.已知BC=12,CD=10,CI=2, HI=7.
- 9下列分别盛有不同物质的容器中,所盛物质属于混合物的有 (填序号,下同),属于单质的有 ,属于氧
- 10计算:2﹣2= [ ]A. B. C.﹣ D.4