题目
题型：陕西省模拟题难度：来源：
(生态足迹), it"s no surprise that they"re looking at the environmental impacts of their packaging as
well. The making of conventional glass bottles and the corks (软木塞) uses large quantities of natural
resources and causes a lot of pollution.
Beyond manufacturing, the transport of wine in glass bottles across the country and around the
world also has its environmental effect. Trucking all the heavy glass bottles causes a much larger carbon
footprint than the transportation of much lighter boxed wine. Almost half the weight of an ordinary case
of wine comes from the bottles; about 95 percent of the weight of a case of boxed wine is the wine itself.
"A standard wine bottle holds 750 milliliters of wine and causes about 5.2 pounds of carbon dioxide
when it travels from a farm in California to a store in New York," reports Colman, a researcher. "A
3-liter box causes about half the carbon dioxide per 750 milliliters."
According to the Wine Group, the third largest wine company in the world and a big advocate for
switching away from glass bottles, there are other advantages to boxed wine (which typically includes
a plastic bag within a cardboard box). The vacuum (真空的) packaging of boxed wine allows it to stay
fresh for up to six weeks in the fridge once the seal is broken and the first glass has been poured.
Still, despite the benefits, boxed wine may still be a tough pill to swallow for many wine experts.
"Even those traditionalists who are coming around to the idea that maybe screw caps (螺旋盖) are fine
for some wines, would not like the idea of a cellar (酒窖) full of cardboard boxes," says wine writer Lee
Asbell. "It is difficult to imagine how wine service at fine-dining establishments would handle such a
change." For now, boxed wine is still the field of cheaper brands. But that could all change as more and
more wine makers and drinkers take responsibility for saving the Earth.
B. is difficult to transport
C. causes less eco-footprint
D. takes up more space
B. It"s not suitable for long-distance transport
C. It must be kept in the fridge during the transport
D. The special packaging makes it stay fresh longer once it"s opened
B. a cellar isn"t a good place to store cardboard boxed wine
C. boxed wine is more expensive than glass bottled wine
D. many wine experts still find it hard to accept boxed wine
B. advise packaging wine with different materials
C. advocate using boxes to store wine
D. introduce how to keep wine fresh after the bottle is opened
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 With more and more wineries (酿酒厂) offering organic varieties to lower 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. However, it now turns out that planting trees could add to
global warming. We all know that tree roots do a great job of keeping soil firmly on the ground and out
of the wind"s power. The problem is that some of the dust clouds play an important part in soaking up
carbon dioxide.
Huge dust storms blow out over the oceans from dry parts of North Africa and Central Asia. Tons
of dust are lifted and left as a thin film over the ocean surface.
Dust from China is carried east and left in the Pacific Ocean. If a treeplanting programme is
successful and the dust supply reduced, the next result may be that less carbon dioxide gets locked
away in the ocean.
Andy, an environmental scientist, has spent the past few years studying dust and says his work
shows clearly the complexity of the system. For this reason the need is to focus on cutting carbon
dioxide giving off rather than doing anything else.
Robert, an American scientist, has shown that when native grassland areas are invaded by trees,
carbon is lost from the soil. "We are studying why the soil carbon disappears, but one theory is that
trees do a lot more of their growing above ground compared to grass, so less carbon goes directly
into the soil from trees." said Robert.
In wet areas of the world, the gain from trees absorbing carbon dioxide above ground seems to
be outweighed by the loss of carbon from the soil below ground.
Countries that plan to fight against global warming by planting trees may have to think again.
Solutions to environmental problems are often more complex than they first appear, and understanding
the Earth"s climate is a very great challenge.
B. planting trees could reduce global warming
C. huge dust storms can destroy the oceans on the Earth
D. planting trees is the only way to control huge dust storms
B. trees shouldn"t have been planted in dry places
C. dust plays a more important part than trees
D. carbon dioxide is harmful to everything
B. carbon can turn grass into dust
C. less carbon can make trees grow faster
D. grassland areas should be covered by forests
B. The dust clouds soak up carbon dioxide
C. Is it really useful to plant trees to reduce global warming?
D. Why the soil carbon disappears?
have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market.
Toyota"s hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let"s have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a
rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional
gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially
designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a
traditional car. At this point, the car"s gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide
power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an
electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go
electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas
pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the
gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the
electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries.
As a consequence, the car"s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1. The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of "green" car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2. The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A. there will be more and more green land in China
B. China is still young and lacking experience
C.China"s new cars are combinations of different green models
D. China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
3. Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oilshortages.
B. The car"s gasoline engine doesn"t work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
4. What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
5. What can we conclude from the story?
A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.
D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.
health problems linked to being overweight.
The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says
many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported
processed foods.
Dr. Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization"s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji. He
says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
Temu Waqanivalu said: "In some of the places, you"d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is
cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of offenvironment we"ve created that
doesn"t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population."
And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island
countries. The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory of American Samoa. Fiji had
the lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about 40
percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
Diabetes rates are among the highest in the world. Fortyseven percent of the people in American
Samoa have diabetes. So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own
problems with rising obesity.
Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the
diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts
pressure on limited health resources and budgets.
B. the change of eating habits
C. the change of life style
D. lack of exercise
B. they are popular
C. they are tasty
D. they are convenient to get
B. 4 million.
C. 6 million.
D. 10 million.
B. steady
C. worrying
D. low
B. Nature.
C. Entertainment.
D. Health.
have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market.
Toyota"s hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let"s have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a
rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional
gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially
designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a
traditional car. At this point, the car"s gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide
power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an
electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go
electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas
pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed,
the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake,
the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car"s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1. The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of "green" car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2. The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A. there will be more and more green land in China
B. China is still young and lacking experience
C. China"s new cars are combinations of different green models
D. China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
3. Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oilshortages.
B. The car"s gasoline engine doesn"t work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
"Two full inches in the first three days!"
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising
new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say
they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way to add to beauty or
desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters. The results they
produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to
understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug
Administration)can require proof under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective
before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require
premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health,
FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take
legal action, including seizure(查封)of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had
been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through
contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds
that it was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings
(法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the
safety or effectiveness of such items.
B. costly
C. unreliable
D. illegal
B. New products are more likely to be questionable.
C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D. The promoters usually just care about profits.
B. if it is a device
C. if its consumers make complaints
D. if its distributors challenge FDA"s authority
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