题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
With the outbreak of SARS,everyone tried to avoid coming into close contact with each other.In those days,interpersonal distance increased,“close contact” almost became synonymous with “danger”,and even children couldn’t have close contact with their mothers.Now SARS has disappeared,and we return back to normal living again.Then,how can we do handle interpersonal distance in our everyday lives?
Studies show that interpersonal distance can be divided into 4 different types:intimate distance,personal distance,social distance,and public distance.
Intimate distance is the interpersonal distance of a person with the people closest to him or her.It ranges from 0 to 45 cm.When a stranger comes within this distance,a person will have strong negative reaction.In crowded buses,strangers usually maintain rigid poses and try to avoid body contact,but couples,lovers,children and their mothers usually lean close to each other.Intimates who aren’t able to live close together for a long time can become alienated.Also,touching is also very important.A contrast test shows that the nervous systems of babies who are often caressed by their mothers develop much faster and their weight increases faster,by 47%,than that of other babies.
Personal distance ranges from 45 cm to 1 m.People can converse genially at this distance without invading each other’s personal space.When friends and acquaintances meet on the street,they usually greet and converse at this distance.
Social distance generally ranges from 1 m to 3 m.Among this range,1-2 m is usually the distance in which people deal with private affairs in social activities.For example,when you get money from banks,in order to protect your privacy,other customers are required to stand at least 1 m away from you.2-3.5 m is a farther social distance.Business talks usually occur at this distance.Besides talking,proper eye contact is also indispensable.Otherwise,each side will feel disrespected.
Public distance is usually used in public gatherings.It generally ranges from 3.5 m to about 7 m.Beyond this range,people can’t communicate using a normal voice.In classrooms,experienced teachers usually leave their lecture platforms to enhance their teaching.
Under different cultural contexts,the interpersonal distance differs slightly,but its basic laws are the same.When conversing,people in love lean very close to each other,acquaintances lean closer than strangers,females lean closer than males,and extraverts lean closer than introverts.In life,harmonious interpersonal relationships are set upon proper interpersonal distances,and some conflicts start from improper interpersonal distances.
小题1:According to the text,the strangers standing close to each other in a crowded bus may_________.
| A．try to keep a distance away | B．feel uneasy |
| C．feel nervous | D．be rude to each other |
A.intimate distance C.personal distance
C.social distance D.public distance
小题3:The interpersonal distance between two people is mainly determined by _________.
| A．how familiar they are with each other | B．their relationship in a special activity |
| C．their characters | D．their cultural background |
| A．it makes people feel respected or loved |
| B．it helps to protect privacy |
| C．wrong interpersonal distance may result in misunderstanding |
| D．improper interpersonal distance may hurt others |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
小题1:feel uneasy“感觉不自在”，feel nervous“感觉神经紧张”。
小题2:从倒数第二段可知。
小题3:概括全文可知。
小题4:见文章最后一句。
核心考点
试题【Interpersonal DistanceWith the outbreak of SARS,everyone tried to avoid coming i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”, that’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak(最高峰). For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why it is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自语)as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” the possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and—energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract(对抗)your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(呵欠)and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
小题1:If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.
A．he is a lazy person
B．he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C．he is not sure when his energy is low
D he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
小题2: Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
| A．Not knowing about the energy cycle |
| B．Familiar monologues |
| C．A change in a family member’s energy cycle |
| D．Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members |
| A．change his energy cycle | B．overcome his laziness |
| C．get up earlier than usual | D．go to bed earlier |
| A．help to keep your energy for the day’s work |
| B．help you to control your temper early in the day |
| C．enable you to concentrate on your routine work |
| D．keep your energy cycle under control all day |
Health experts have discovered that adding low-calorie vegetable soup to the start of a meal can actually help to lose weight. Because you tend to feel full sooner, you eat less of your main course.
The soup method was tested by researchers at Pennsylvania State University, led by Dr Barbara Rolls. They found that when participants in the study ate a first course of soup before lunch they reduced their total calorie intake by 20 per cent, compared with those who did not begin the meal with soup. But those who favour creamy soups should beware. Researchers stressed the soup must be low-calorie and based on stock, not cream.
All of the soups tested in the study were made from the same elements—chicken stock (原汁鸡汤), broccoli (菜花), potato, cauliflower (花椰菜) and carrots. They were mixed together to create four different textures and thickness from separate stock and vegetables through to pureed (蔬菜泥) soup.
Scientists thought that thick soups with thick pieces of vegetables which required chewing might be more filling, but to their surprise they found all forms had the same effect. The findings were presented to the Experimental Biology conference in Washington, DC, and the research was part funded by the National Institutes of Health.
小题1:The passage mainly discusses _____.
| A．how to lose weight in a simple way | B．what kind of soup to be served at a meal |
| C．how to form a healthy eating habit | D．why eating soup could help lose weight |
| A．Eating soup equals to swimming in a sea. |
| B．Eating a bowl of soup every meal is enough to keep fit. |
| C．Eating soup every day can help you to lose weight. |
| D．Making soup every day could cost you a lot of money. |
| A．Dropping the amount of calorie intake. | B．Reducing your weight by 20%. |
| C．Doing good to your growing high. | D．Helping you eat more. |
| A．The materials for making soup must be limited to vegetables. |
| B．The soup must be made low- calorie. |
| C．The thickness of the soup makes a difference. |
| D．The soup must be mixed with some cream. |
Those who have a passion（热情）for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different thing that it would be dangerous to ignore（忽视），but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no“matches”between“teams”of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than men. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
小题1:Mountaineering involves .
| A．cold | B．hardship | C．physical risk | D．all of the above |
| A．activity | B．rules | C．uniform | D．participants |
| A．it is an Olympic event |
| B．teams compete against each other |
| C．mountaineers depend on each other while climbing |
| D．there are 5 climbers on each team. |
A．Mountaineering Is Different from Golf and Football k  |
| B．Mountaineering Is More Attractive than Other Sports |
| C．Mountaineering |
| D．Mountain Climbers |
On a hot and damp night last month, Hue welcomed into her small home a very thin woman, also a tailor, who was HIV positive. The woman tearfully told Hue that she had not told anyone about her condition, fearing that she would lose customers and that her daughter would be insulted at school. Hue became the wise elder, offering medical and personal advice.
小题1:What did Pham Thi Hue do after she was infected with HIV?
| A．She kept silent | B．She worked as usual |
| C．She stayed at home and cried every day. | D．She went public and gave help to others. |
| A．drug users | B．HIV victims | C．all kinds of patients | D．poor people |
| A．weak and kind | B．foolish and idle | C．brave and helpful | D．cautious and energetic |
Research shows that around fifteen million Americans suffer from social anxiety disorder. People in this condition feel that they are always being watched. Even though they know these fears are unreasonable, they cannot overcome their fears on their own.
Social anxiety disorder sufferers are often misdiagnosed with conditions such as schizophrenia (精神分裂症) and personality disorder. Many feel lonely, and are unsure whether anyone else can understand their thoughts and emotions. This can lead to withdrawal from most social situations, even to being unable to hold employment.
Those who suffer from social anxiety disorder are often dismissed(辞退)as being shy. This is simply not the case; shyness is not even a symptom of social anxiety disorder. The majority of sufferers find their symptoms linked to specific situations, rather than all types of social interactions.
An important step in overcoming social anxiety disorder is seeking out a therapist who specializes in training this type of disorder. Group treatment has been shown to be especially effective. Medication also help reduce the symptoms, but it should not be used as a replacement for psychotherapy (心理疗法).
On your own, you can help reduce the symptoms by taking deep breaths and practising medication or prayer. Alcohol and nicotine should be avoided, as both can cause panic attacks. Exercises can relieve the symptoms, because it burns up the chemicals in your body that cause stress.
54.Patients with social anxiety disorder_________________.
A. are shy in all situations
B. feel they don’t understand themselves
C. are anxious and terrified while speaking in public
D. feel it is unreasonable to be watched by others
55. We know from the passage that___________________________________.
A. most people will try to fight against social anxiety disorder
B. shyness is the main symptom of social anxiety disorder
C. people who feel lonely are often misdiagnosed with social anxiety disorder
D. psychotherapy is very important in treating social anxiety disorder
56. According to the passage, if Jack suffers from social anxiety disorder, he should_________.
A. burn up some unsafe chemicals B. ask for help from a doctor
C. practise speaking in public D. resign from his present job
57. We are most likely to find this passage in__________.
A. American Culture B. Cross Country
C. Family Doctor D. English Nature
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