题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested.
Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet, a British medical journal.
　　"Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives," US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. "As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect."
　　Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
　　Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.
　　And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.
　　"Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change," said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
　　Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.
　　For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about? _______.

A．How can people live longer?

B．Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives.

C．Global warming threatens people’s lives.

D．People should stop relying on fossil fuels.

小题2:The new research differs from past studies in that _______.

A．it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions

B．it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming

C．it is believed by more people

D．it mainly targets at developing countries

小题3:According to Kathleen Sebelius, _______.

A．sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuels

B．without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases

C．the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuels

D．deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions

小题4: Which of the following is the most practical way to cut carbon dioxide emissions according to the passage? _________.

A．Driving less

B．Walking and cycling as much as possible.

C．Stopping using fossil fuels

D．Reducing the use of polluting fuels to cook.

小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

A．London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissions

B．switching to low-polluting cars would save 160 lives in London each year

C．walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart disease

D．attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:D
小题5:C

解析

试题分析：这篇文章主要介绍减少二氧化碳的排放既可以保护我们的环境，还可以减少心血管和呼吸方面的疾病，从而可以拯救人的生命。
小题1:主旨题：从文章第一段的句子：Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested.和第二段的第一句话Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives,可知减少二氧化碳的排放可以拯救人的生命。选B
小题2:细节题：从第四段的句子：Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, 可知这次的调查和以往的不同，因为它研究的是减少二氧化碳的排放带来的立刻的好处，选A
小题3:推理题：从第三段的句子："As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect."可知Kathleen Sebelius,认为心血管和呼吸道的疾病和二氧化碳的排放密切相关，选D
小题4:细节题：从第五段的句子：Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.可知减少使用有污染的燃料烧饭是更具体实用的，选D
小题5:细节题：从最后一段的句子：But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.
可知多骑车和步行会减少心脏病的发病率，选C