题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper，radio and television ads，promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs，slim the face，smooth wrinkles，or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable，and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug，FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device，FDA has no authority to require the proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health，FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily，or it can take legal action，including seizure (查封) of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously，most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings (法律诉讼)，and new devices appear continually. Before buying，it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
小题1:It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are________.
| A．objective | B．costly | C．unreliable | D．illegal |
A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B．New products are more likely to be questionable.
C．The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D．The promoters usually just care about profits.
小题3:FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product________.
| A．if it is a drug |
| B．if it is a device |
| C．if its consumers make complaints |
| D．if its distributors challenge FDA"s authority |
| A．a product which was designed to produce electricity |
| B．a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case |
| C．a successful advertisement of a beauty product |
| D．an example of a quality beauty product |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律的约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。
小题1:推理判断题。objective客观的； costly昂贵的； unreliable 不可信的； illegal非法的。由第四段可知促销商仅仅为了赚钱，而这些产品的效果令人怀疑。故选C。
小题2:细节理解题。根据Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters. 可知促销商仅仅为了赚钱，故选 D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据If the product is a drug，FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market.可知如果是药物，FDA就可以要求这个产品的安全性和有效性，故选 A。
小题4:细节理解题。One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，which had been sold for reducing the waistline (腰围). The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life. Relaxacisor是一种有害的于身体的医疗设备，并因此引发了一个案件。故选B。
核心考点
试题【“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”“Two full inches in the first t】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is overweight. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive system, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods (加工食品) contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive system makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. One effective way is to choose raw and whole foods appropriately according to your health conditions and personal preferences.
小题1:It can be inferred from Para. 2 that __________.
| A．we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods |
| B．foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit |
| C．it is important for people to protect their vital organs |
| D．giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle |
| A．destroy body’s cells | B．harm your stomach |
| C．may lead to obesity | D．stop body’s natural function |
| A．To warn people of the problem of overweight. |
| B．To inform people of the harm of processed foods. |
| C．To advocate eating more raw and whole foods. |
| D．To tell the differences between raw and processed foods. |
| A．Different causes of acid accumulation. |
| B．Correct ways to cook raw foods. |
| C．Active approaches to avoid acid. |
| D．Suitable types of raw and whole foods. |
That"s not a reference to the mystery meat served up in the cafeteria line either. The retired officers are saying that school lunches have helped make the nation"s young people so fat that fewer of them can meet the military"s physical fitness standards, and recruitment will be difficult.
A new report being released Tuesday says more than 9 million young adults, or 27 percent of all Americans ages 17 to 24, are too overweight to join the military. Now, the officers are advocating for passage of a wideranging nutrition bill that aims to make the nation"s school lunches healthier.
The military group acknowledges that other things keep young adults out of the armed services, such as a criminal record or the lack of a high school diploma. But weight problems that have worsened over the past 15 years are now the leading medical reason that recruits are rejected.
Although all branches of the military now meet or exceed recruitment goals, retired Navy Rear Adm. James Barnett Jr., a member of the officers group, says the obesity trend could affect that.
“When over a quarter of young adults are too fat to fight, we need to take notice，” Barnett said. He noted that national security in the year 2030 is “absolutely dependent” on reversing child obesity rates.
This isn"t the first time the military has gotten involved in the debate over school lunches. During World War Ⅱ， military leaders had the opposite problem, reporting that many recruits were rejected because of stunted growth and inadequate nutrition. After the war, military leaders pushed Congress to establish the national school lunch program so children would grow up healthier.
Today, the group is urging Congress to eliminate junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools, put more money into the school lunch program and develop new strategies that help children develop healthier habits.
小题1:What is the main problem of the lunches in schools according to the military officers?
| A．The meat in the lunches is mysterious. |
| B．The lunches are too expensive. |
| C．The lunches contain too much fat. |
| D．There is inadequate nutrition in the lunches. |
| A．slow in mind | B．state of being fat |
| C．quick in movement | D．lack of confidence |
| A．The lunches in American schools are not very healthy. |
| B．During World War Ⅱ，many people could not join the army because of overweight. |
| C．According to the author , overweight was the key reason why many recruits were rejected. |
| D．By now, Congress hasn"t eliminated junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools. |
| A．School lunches: a national security threat? |
| B．National security in danger ? |
| C．Retired officers tired of school lunches |
| D．The recruitment of 2030 |
The doctors reasoned that kwashiorkor was found in the young children of this age in many parts of Africa because of lack of milk or meat. Their mothers, after stopping their breastfeeding, gave them foods full of starches（淀粉）instead of greatly needed proteins. They found that the addition of milk to the food of the children suffering from kwashiorkor saved many lives.
The unbelievable thing about kwashiorkor is that the very existence of the disease—which has been killing thousands of children for centuries—was not even recognized in Latin America as recently as ten years ago. The deaths of those children were mistakenly listed as due to other diseases. It was the WHO’s work in Africa that led to the discovery of the problem in Central America.
小题1:From the passage we learn that kwashiorkor is a disease caused by __________ .
| A．poor living conditions | B．lack of proteins in food |
| C．breastfeeding | D．lack of food |
| A．it has no symptoms at all |
| B．it is hard to identify signs of it |
| C．it doesn’t last long enough for careful observation |
| D．it is hardly different from other diseases |
| A．Taking a special medicine. |
| B．Avoiding any food containing starch. |
| C．Having more meat or milk. |
| D．Taking medicine full of proteins. |
| A．Milk and Meat Are Daily Necessities |
| B．Kwashiorkor and Improper Eating Habits |
| C．A New Form of Illness in Africa and Latin America |
| D．A Case of Eating Habits |
What problems can eating too much salt cause? To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. It is made of sodium (钠) and chloride (氯化物). Salt is used to keep and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride to work.
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been connected with other conditions, such as heart and kidney (肾) problems.
If you want to cut down on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips:
*Cut back on high salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, pickles (泡菜), smoked fish and chips are almost always high in salt because of the way they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have these in smaller amounts, or eat them less often.
*Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals (谷物) are major source of salt in the diet, not that they’re necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you’re shopping, take the time to compare the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to choose the ones lower in salt.
*Avoid adding salt to cooking and at table. Instead, you could use herbs and spices (香料) such as garlic (大蒜) and lemon juice to add flavor to meals.
小题1:Many people in China don’t realize they are eating too much salt because ______.
| A．salty food tasted better than reduced salt food |
| B．they do not calculate the amount of salt they eat |
| C．about 3/4 of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy |
| D．few people experience problems from eating too much salt |
| A．cut back on food with less salt |
| B．eat less heavily salted food |
| C．eat as much reduced salt bread as is wanted |
| D．stop eating bread and breakfast cereals |
| A．To warn people of food containing too much salt. |
| B．To inform people of the right amount of salt taken each day. |
| C．To advise people to be careful about the amount of salt they eat. |
| D．To promote (促进) the right way to make reduced salt food. |
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films __ __ doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to exercise. It decreases blood pressure, the heart beat and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish( 减少 ) both stress and pain.
As a of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by __ them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects to those caused by laughter.
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