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任务型读写。     Real policemen hardly recognize any similarity between their lives and what they see on TV.
     The first difference is that a policeman"s real life revolved round (围绕;以…为目的) criminal law.
He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court.
He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his
feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to.
     Little of his time is spent in chatting. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on
thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid crimes.
     Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he"s arrested, the story is over. In
real life, finding criminal is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and
terrorist attacks, little effort is spent on searching.
     Having made an arrest, a detective (侦探) really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and
to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence.
     A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures: first,
as members of a police force, they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with (依照) the law.
Secondly, as expensive public servants, they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of
the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.
     If the detective has to deceive (欺骗) the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he
meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world
is deepened by the simple-minded - as he see it - of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and
judges, who, instead of eliminating(消除) crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this
will make them reform. The result, detective feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is re-catching people
who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical (愤世嫉俗的).
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试题【任务型读写。     Real policemen hardly recognize any similarity between their lives an】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
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Police in 1.___ worldPolice on TV
Knowledge of 2.___ lawHe has to know as much as a professional lawyer and 3_____ it to their daily work.There is no 4.________ for them to
 know about it.
Different ways time is spentHe 5.____ most of his working life to collecting and providing evidence needed to 6.______ his case in court.Time is spent finding criminals. Once the criminal is found, the story is 7.____.
Different pressuresLaw and the public put much 8_______ on detectives and policemen.They got no pressure from the public.
Relationship with the societyHe feels separated from citizens, as they hold different 9.________ toward punishment of the criminals.No contact 10______ the public.
1. real      2. criminal    3. applies     4. need         5. devotes  
6. prove 7. over     8. pressure    9. attitudes    10. with
完形填空。

         I am actually the first cancer survivor to reach the summit of the world’s highest mountain-
Mt.Everest. When I was _1_ 13, I got cancer and the doctors gave me three months to _2_. Luckily,
I recovered. When I was 15, I got _3_ form of cancer which was considered much worse __4_
the doctors gave me only two weeks to live. Again I __5__.   Being the only person in the world to
have _6_ had these two kinds of cancer, I really felt I should _7_ my story with others to encourage
and _8__ their lives. On May 16th, 2002, I became the first cancer survivor to _9__  the summit of
Mt. Everest.   Since then, I have been _10__ enough to reach the summits of three of the world’s
seven __11_ summits and have __12_ internationally about my life and adventures to countless
people and organizations. When I got to the summit of Everest, I brought a __13_ and left it there.
There were lots of names of people who had been _14_ by cancer on the flag. I did so just in honour
of the _15__ of cancer patients worldwide. Every time I reached a highest point, _16__ in Africa or
in South America, I always left a flag on it! My final _17__ is to reach the North and South poles on
foot.   I want to __18_ courage and inspiration all over the world. I want to tell those suffering from
cancer __19__ anyone who loves life that they can __20_ big and they should never give up.

(     )1. A. only      
(     )2. A. recover    
(     )3. A. other      
(     )4. A. when      
(     )5. A. saved      
(     )6. A. ever      
(     )7. A. share      
(     )8. A. shorten    
(     )9. A. study      
(     )10. A. lucky    
(     )11. A. highest  
(     )12. A. shouted  
(     )13. A. flag      
(     )14. A. supported
(     )15. A. pain      
(     )16. A. until    
(     )17. A. point    
(     )18. A. spread    
(     )19. A. more than
(     )20. A. develop  
B. usually    
B. prepare    
B. another    
B. as        
B. survived  
B. never      
B. keep      
B. create    
B. find      
B. worried    
B. emptiest  
B. spoken    
B. prize      
B. defeated  
B. struggle  
B. unless    
B. job        
B. broadcast  
B. in spite of
B. dream      
C. even      
C. decide    
C. second    
C. though    
C. improved  
C. almost    
C. like      
C. influence  
C. reach      
C. interested
C. deepest    
C. cried      
C. secret    
C. attacked  
C. summits    
C. whether    
C. subject    
C. turn      
C. instead of
C. admire    
D. quite      
D. live      
D. same      
D. but        
D. escaped    
D. yet        
D. read      
D. imagine    
D. enter      
D. different  
D. toughest  
D. sung      
D. wish      
D. covered    
D. doctors    
D. once      
D. goal      
D. express    
D. as well as
D. announce  
阅读理解

     Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply, because no one tells us how to
fail so that  failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part
of the  human condition and that every person had the right to fail.
     Most parents work hard at preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge
that  they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child"s hastily made
table as "perfect" even though it doesn"t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails
science,  his teacher is unfair or stupid.
     The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the
real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything. No one can win all the
time  and that it"s possible to enjoy a game even when you don"t win. A child who"s not invited to a         
birthday party, who doesn"t make the honor list on the baseball team, feels terrible,
of course, but   parents should not offer a quick consolation prize(安慰奖) or say, "It
doesn"t matter." Because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment and
be helped to master it.
     Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a
positive  contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask "why did I fail?"
Don"t blame  someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If
someone else can help,  don"t be shy about inquiring.
     Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as
failure. You can learn from a bad party how to give a second one, from an ill-chosen first house
what to   look for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can prompt(激起) fresh thinking,
a change  of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet a friend of mine auditioned(面试) for a
professional  company. She was turned down. "would further training help?" she asked. The ballet
master shook his head. "You will never be a dancer," he said, "you haven"t the body for it."
     In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock(鉴定) bravely and ask, "What have I
left?  What else can I do?"My friend put away her shoes and moved into dance treatment center,
a field   where she"s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there"s less to lose.
Often  there is recovery of energy-a way to find new possibilities.


1. The first paragraph tells us _______.  

A. the reason why so many people are afraid of failure  
B. the reason why we don"t know how to fail  
C. failure is very natural for every person  
D. one should be ready to face failure at any time


2. The second paragraph tells us___________.
A. how a mother praised her children
B. two ways of failure prevention most parents use when their children fail
C. how to shift blame
D. parents should blame their children at the proper time
3. According to the author, what should a child know in the real world?
A. Ways to avoid failure.
B. No one can be best all the time at everything.
C. No parents should offer quick consolation.
D. He can get pleasure from failure as well as success.
4. What can make a positive contribution to one"s life once he learns to use it?
A. Success    
B. Disappointment    
C. Failure    
D. Value.
阅读理解。
     City buses are white and blue. Please board at the front door and pay the fare as you get on.
The fare per ride is $1.50 for adults and $1.00 for senior citizens. The fare may be paid by cash,
bus pass or multiple passes. Please pay the exact amount directly into the slot at the top of the far
e box. Remember that bills are not accepted and drivers cannot make change for riders.
     When you wish to get off the bus, please notify the driver in advance by pressing one of the
buttons provided throughout the bus for this purpose. The bus may pass bus stops without
stopping if no one is getting off or waiting to get on.
     There are five subway lines in the city. The fare is set at five rates from $2.00 to $3.50 according
to the number of predetermined "price zones" traveled. To purchase the appropriate ticket, please
check the fare on the boards installed above the ticket-selling machines in each subway station.
     Pass through the automated ticket gates by inserting the ticket into the slot. When getting off the
subway at a station beyond the validity of the ticket, pay the additional fare at a fare-adjustment
machine.
1. According to the information, all bus riders should _________.
A. exit from the back door        
B. let the driver know in advance if they want to get off
C. ask the driver for change      
D. pay according to a "price zone"
2. What is the lowest cost of a subway ride for an adult?
A. $1.00.          
B. $1.50 .          
C. $2.00.      
D. $3.50.
3. How can a rider determine the fare of a subway ride?
A. It is automatically determined.              
B. It is always $2.00
C. Fare-adjustment machines determine the fare.  
D. All fares are posted
4. This text mainly tells us _________.
A. how to use city buses and subways            
B. how convenient city buses and subways are
C. how to pay the fare for city buses and subways
D. how well city buses and subways are equipped
阅读理解。
     Are you going into skiing? Is winter your favorite time of year? If you like snow and ice, maybe you
should stay at Ice Hotel in Quebec, Canada. But, you can only check in at this hotel during the winter.
Why ? Because this hotel is built every December. It has 32 rooms and 80 people can stay there each
night. The hotel even has a movie theatre, art gallery, and church. Of course, all of these parts of the hotel
are made of ice. In fact, all the furniture, art, lights, and even plates and drinking glasses are made out of
ice.
     Because this hotel is so unusual, it is becoming very popular. People from all over the world come to
the Ice Hotel to look at the fantastic ice art, drink and eat from designed ice dishes and experience the
unique atmosphere (独特的气氛). Some couples have even got married in the hotel"s ice church. But
all these guests keep their winter coats on! Because of all the ice, the temperature inside the hotel is
always between - 2?C and - 5?C. Surprisingly, sleeping is not a problem in the freezing cold hotel rooms. Every guest gets a special cold-weather sleeping bag and some fur blankets. These keep the room cozy
and warm until morning.
1. What is the main idea of this reading?
A. How the Ice Hotel is built                  
B. What makes the Ice Hotel special
C. Why the Ice Hotel is made of ice            
D. The services of the Ice Hotel
2. Why is sleeping NOT a problem in the hotel?
A. the rooms are warm                        
B. the temperature is -2?C
C. the sleeping bags are warm                  
D. the furniture is warm
3. In which part of the hotel would you probably find "plates"?
A. the church  
B. the restaurant    
C. the rooms  
D. the art gallery
     Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little
environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness,
it is becoming more and more important  to  camp  unobtrusively(不引人注目地) and  leave no mark.  
     Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you
are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their
policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland,
but in England you must ask the landowner"s permission, except in national parks.  
     Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do
without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite(野营地)seems to go against this, so
seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still,
find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure.  
     Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night"s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland, avoid standing
dead trees, which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves, and possible homes of biting
insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire, do so downivind
of your shelter. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging
plants. A good campsite is found, not made-changing it should be unnecessary.
1. You needn"t ask for permission when camping___________.      
A. national parks in England      
B. most parts of Scotland      
C. crowded lowland Britain      
D. most parts of England
2. The author thinks that a good campsite is one_________.    
A. with easy access    
B. used previously    
C. with modern conveniences    
D. far away from beaches
3. The last paragraph mainly deals with__________.    
A. protecting animals    
B. building a campfire    
C. camping in woodland    
D. finding a campsite with privacy
4. The passage is mainly about___________.    
A. the protection of campsites    
B. the importance of wild camping    
C. the human influence on campsites    
D. the dos and don"ts of wild camping