题目
题型:同步题难度:来源:
researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather
than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup (基因构成) as human beings.What drove our
ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The
wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival.Perhaps the best reason for exploring
space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding
areas can be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the
danger.With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found.Even if we have
no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical
possessions.Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have
medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.We have already benefited from
other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in
communications systems.Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts (副产品) of
technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploratio
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122754-71254.png)
creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us.While
space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also
holds dangers.The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive.Without the ability to
reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122755-97393.png)
us to live on other planets.It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have
adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
1. Why does the author mention the questions
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122755-87269.png)
A. To express his doubts.
B. To compare different ideas.
C. To introduce points for discussion.
D. To describe the conditions on Earth.
2. What is the reason for exploring space based
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122755-47086.png)
A. Humans are natureborn to do so.
B. Humans have the tendency to fight.
C. Humans may find new sources of food.
D. Humans don"t like to stay in the same place.
3. The underlined word "spinoffs" in Paragraph 4 probably refers to________.
A. survival chances
B. potential resources
C. unexpected benefits
D. physical possessions
4. What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A. Our genetic makeup.
B. Resources on the earth.
C. The adaptive ability of humans.
D. Byproducts in space exploration.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
mention recycling.Recycling in the home is very important of course.However, being forced to recycle
often means we already have more material than we need.We are dealing with the results of that_
overcons
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122750-88259.png)
much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.It now makes up a third
of a typical household"s waste in the UK.In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged
twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment.The UK, for example, is running
out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases
which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy.The
solution is not to produce such items in the first place.Food waste is a serious problem, too.Too many
supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need.However,a few of them are coming
round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not j
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122750-90572.png)
with quality.We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality.This is especially true
of food.But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging
than necessary.
There are signs of hope.As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much
unnecessary material we are collecting.We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture,but we
have a mountain to climb.
1. What does the underlined phrase "that overconsumption" refer to?
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary.
D. Having more material than is needed.
2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show________.
A. the tendency of cutting household waste
B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarkets
D. the fact of packaging overuse
3. According to the text,recycling________.
A. helps control the greenhouse effect
B. means burning packaging for energy
C. is the solution to gas shortage
D. leads to a waste of land
4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. it is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food.
1.Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?, It can take five hours to go westeast from New
York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel eastwest from London to NY.The reason for the
difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.The jet stream is a very high
altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a
constant air speed thus go faster in the westeast direction when they are moving with the wind than in the
opposite direction.
2.What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?, Supposing we could magically
turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures (建筑物) float away? What happened would
depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed,
moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you turn something around your head on a string(细绳), it
goes around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line."Switching off" gravity
would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People
in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling.Most things outside
would fly off into space.
1. What information can we get from the first passage?
A. It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.
B. Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.
C. It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.
D. The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.
2. The word"shoot"underlined in the 2nd passage probably means"________".
A. send for
B. move quickly
C. come out
D. grow quickly
3. It can be inferred that without gravity________.
A. buildings and other structures would float away
B. trees and buildings would not so easily fly off
C. something around your head would not float away
D. everything outside buildings would fly off into space
4. Where can we most probably read this text?
A. In a research paper.
B. In a short story.
C. In a travel magazine.
D. In a student"s book.
think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields.
Components of Soil
Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture.The upper
layer is known as the litter.It acts like a blanket, limiting te
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122740-90616.png)
topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter cal
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122740-23434.png)
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122741-97932.png)
and water.Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter.This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus.Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock.
Soil forms from the bottom up.Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind,frost, and snow.It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering.Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enri
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122741-38274.png)
that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago.
Water Beneath the Soil
Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes, ponds, and rivers.Once in the soil or rock,
it is called groundwater.Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透).
Eventually the
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122741-29373.png)
cannot percolate.
As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them
to deeper layers.This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.
Soil pH
Soil can be acidic,neutral,or basic.The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed, and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it.
The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil.By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contr
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122742-49501.png)
1. The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called ________.
A. litter
B. topsoil
C. humus
D. subsoil
2. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.
B. The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil.
C. Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil.
D. Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth.
3. We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ______.
A. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer
B. in the subsoil layer above bedrock
C. betw
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191219/20191219122742-37727.png)
D. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil
4. The underlined word "dissolve" is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from
soil are ________.
A. rushed away into the river
B. cleaned and purified by water
C. destroyed and carried away by water
D. mixed with water and become part of it
enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you
have in school, the more money you"ll earn later.
The idea that popularity could have a serious impact on one"s earning potential shouldn"t come
as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills
and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.
"If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the ability to get along with others in
all kinds of different situations," said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who
totally agreed with the recent finding. "Also, friends always help each other. They not only create
wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally feel depressed," said Xu.
She believed that all this helps you "earn a higher salary".
Maybe that"s why some people think the younger generations are in the age of friendaholism
(交友狂症). A woman even complained that the networking website Facebook"s 5,000friend
limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts.
But what does a friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?
"Call me uncool, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history
and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition(定义)of
"friend"," said Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US.
Daum despised(鄙视)the idea that quantity trumps(胜过)quality in the age of friendaholism. She
thought the idea of friendship, at least among the growing population of Internet social networkers,
was to get as many of notreallyfriends as possible. For example, a friend might be someone you
might know personally but who could just as easily be the friend of a friend of some other Facebook
friends you don"t actually know.
B.Making friends makes you earn more money.
C.Friends give you success.
D.Social skills are important.
B.If you want to win in life, social skills are as important as talent and hard work.
C.The young now have friendaholism.
D.Friends do not create your wider social circles but lift your mood when you occasionally feel
depressed.
B.Making friends can get a lot of money.
C.Making friends can make you work hard.
D.Making friends can improve your ability to work.
B.Subjective.
C.Neutral.
D.Optimistic.
designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London.
So how does it work?First you have to sign up to the scheme to be sent a key. The key will unlock
one of the bikes,which are kept at docking stations in and around central London. You have to pay an
access fee for the key and then you pay as you go, for the length of time you use the bike.
Transport for London,which runs the scheme,are hoping to have 6,000 bikes and 400 docking
stations in place by the end of the year. The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion(拥挤)in
London and is expected to create up to 40,000 extra cycle trips a day into the city centre. London
Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been "filled with thousands of
gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace
on our roads as black cabs and red buses".
However,there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday. On the first
day some people found they couldn"t dock their bikes properly and their usage of the bikes had not
registered. Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few "teething problems" and
have said they wouldn"t charge for the first day as a "gesture of goodwill". Some other people have
criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the
bicycles.
Despite the comments,the greenthinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things,
saying,"My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken
a big pedalpowered push forwards."
B.encourage the citizens to take exercise
C.deal with the city"s traffic problems
D.increase employment opportunities
b. pay for the key to a bike
c. cycle in and around central London
d. sign up as a member to get a key
A.bdca
B.bcad
C.dcba
D.dbca
B.not registering their usage of the bikes
C.not charging for the first day of the scheme
D.docking the bikes properly
B.the scheme will be cancelled because of the problems
C.all the citizens in London support the scheme
D.the cycling revolution is not successful
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