题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
For these dog lifeguards, the doggie paddle （狗刨式游法）does just fine.
These “lifedogs” tow a buoy(救生衣) that victims can grab, or a raft they can sit on to be towed back to
shore, and unlike their human counterparts(与对方地位相当的人), they can easily jump from helicopters and speeding boats to reach swimmers in trouble.With millions flocking(人群) to Italy’s crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year — and their dog helpers are credited with saving several lives.
It takes three years for the canines to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty, said Roberto Gasbarri, who co-ordinates the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program at a centre outside of Rome in the seaside town of Civitavecchia.
“Dogs are useful in containing the physical fatigue（疲劳） of the lifeguard, to increase the speed at which casualties（遇难者） are retrieved（找到并衔回）, to increase the security of both the casualty and of the lifeguard,” Gasbarri said.
The Civitavecchia centre is one of a dozen around the country for the school founded more than 20 years ago in the northern province of Bergamo by Ferruccio Pilenga, whose first trainee was his own Newfoundland.
The school will train any breed（品种）, as long as they weigh at least 30 kilograms, but Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because of their natural instinct for swimming. Each dog works in tandem with（同 ……合作） a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animal’s trainer.
小题1:Which of the following can act as the best title fo the passage?
| A．Dogs to the Rescue | B．Dogs Are Good at Doggie Paddle |
| C．The Wonderful Performance of Dogs | D．Dogs: Our Loyal Friends |
| A．Dog can swim very fast | B．Dogs can finish rescue work with ease. |
| C．Dogs can finish the great work free of charge. | D．Dogs can easily be trained |
| A．Any breed can be trained there. |
| B．The ones who have the gift for swimming are welcomed. |
| C．After a better training, the dogs can work alone. |
| D．It is the only place for training dog lifeguards in the school. |
| A．Without the dog lifeguards, 3,000 people would lose their lives every year. |
| B．The buautiful beaches attract millions of people every year. |
| C．Dog lifeguards play an important part in a rescue. |
| D．Italy is a famous place of interest. |
答案
解析
核心考点
试题【They leap from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers who get i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The researchers surveyed and evaluated this by analyzing chlorine isotopes（氯同位素） found in lunar rock samples from Apollo missions. The range of chlorine isotopes in lunar samples was 25 times that found in samples from Earth.
If the Moon had significant levels of hydrogen, as Earth did, this range would have been far less, said Zachary D Sharp, a scientist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at the University of new Mexico and the study’s lead authour.
The chlorine would have stuck together with hydrogen, forming compounds like hydrogen chloride, and escaped from the Moon’s surface, he said. The abundance of chlorine indicates a lack of hydrogen and water.
“ The amount of water on the Moon was too low for life to possibly have existed there,” he said.
Most scientists believe the Moon was formed when a large object stuck
Earth, breaking off a chunk(a vast piece) that has since orbited Earth. On Earth, goes one theory, water was released as steam form molten basalts(玄武岩) over time, eventually forming bodies of water.
“An understading of whether the Moon was dry or wet will help us understand how water appeared on Earth,” Dr Sharp said.
小题1: A new study indicates that _____ on the moorn.
| A．there is plenty of water | B．water is unlikely to exist |
| C．water existed in the past | D．there is a little water now |
| A．why there is no water on the Moon | B．how the Moon was formed |
| C．when the Earth struck the Moon | D．where the Moon orbited |
A. Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist of New Mexico was in charge of the new study.
B. Chlorine isotopes in lunar samples are 25 time larger than those on the Earth.
C. The more aboundant chloride, the shorter hydrogen and water.
D. The new study is benificial to understand how water appeared on Earth.
小题4: What can we learn from the passage?
| A．There is enough water on the Earth. |
| B．Hydrogen chloride easily escaped from the Moon’s surface. |
| C．The Earth had significant levels of hydrogen. |
| D．Water on the Earth is directly from molten basalts. |
nses of sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste to survive in the world, find food and mates, lay eggs in an appropriate place, migrate, and avoid hungry predators. Sight
Butterflies have large, compound (multifaceted) eyes, which allow them to see in all directions without turning their heads. Like most insects, butterflies a
re very nearsighted, so they are more attracted to a large stand of flowers rather than individual plants. Butterflies do not "see" colors such as red, green, and yellow, but sense polarized（偏振的） light, which indicates the direction the sun is shining, as well as ultraviolet light, which is present on many flowers and guides butterflies to nectar （花蜜）sources. Smell
Butterflies have a very well-developed sense of smell, but it"s not in their nose (since they don"t have one). Sense receptors located in their antennae, feet, and many other parts of the body help butterflies find food (usually flower nectar), and mates (the female smells the male"s pheromones).
Taste
Butterfly"s feet have sense organs that can taste the sugar in nectar, letting the butterfly know if something is good to eat or not. Some females also taste host plants in order to find appropriate places to lay their eggs. Adult butterflies and moths feed using a probo
scis, a long, coiled tube. Butterflies force blood into the tube to straighten it out, allowing them to feed. Butterflies get all their food from this tube. Hearing
Butterflies don"t have ears. Instead they "hear" sounds through their wings by sensing changes in sound vibrations.
Butterflies may possess senses we don"t even know about yet because their anatomy is very different than ours, and therefore difficult to understand when perceived through our own human senses.
小题1:From the passage we can know that butterflies can see_____
A．thing beh ind them | B．thing in the distance |
| C．most bright colors | D．flower nectar from a distance |
| A．sense organs of sight and smell | B．sense organs of sight and taste |
| C．sense organs of smell and hearing | D．sense organs of smell and taste |
| A．by using their feet | B．by using a tube. |
| C．by using sense receptors | D．by using their wings. |
| A．The food sources of butterflies. | B．The habits of butterflies. |
| C．The unusual body of butterflies. | D．the sense of butterflies. |
Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World War II started, the Taylors moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult(成人)roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8(1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? (1966)
Taylor’s fame(名声)and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatra—the highest pay r
eceived by any star up to that time.Elizabeth Taylor is a legend (传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others — several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.
小题1: The producers didn’t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she ____.
| A．was small in size | B．was too young |
| C．did not play well enough | D．did not show much interest |
| A．popular all their lives | B．famous actresses |
| C．suecessful when very young | D．rich and kind-hearted |
| A．12 | B．28 | C．31 | D．34 |
| A．doing business and helping others | B．turning herself into a legend |
| C．collecting money for the poor | D．going about research and education work |
he rules are as follows:Appreciate the Person.
Most Americans like to be recognized as individuals as someone special with unique personalities. Therefore, never say, “You’re from America so I want to be your friend.” Also don’t imply that the reason why you approached them is that you wanted someone to practice your English with. That t
urns people off. Instead try saying,” You seem like a real nice and interesting person and I would like to get to know you better.” This way, they are much more inclined to be friendly because you see them as a three dim
ensional person and appreciate them for who they are in the inside. And by doing so, you not only learn about Americans and practice your English, but also gain a r
eal friend in the process.Quit Calling Us Foreigners.
Please avoid calling a foreigner a foreigner especially in his face. The word makes people feel like an outsider, and even unwelcome, suggesting separation and insurmountable differences, widening an already existing gap in the situation. When Americans travel, they rarely say, “ I’m foreign to your place.” They tend to say, “ I’m new in town. I’m new here.” The reason is because new and unfamiliar things can become old and familiar. But can foreign things become native? Aha? You catch my drift.
Just Do It.
Some students like to be told about American culture but are less interested in spending the time and the effort to actually experience it. As Americans always say, “ Get your hands dirty.” You should have first hand and hands on experience, or you’ll never really know anything.
Find that Common Language.
Now I must stress the importance of finding a common language. By that I don’t mean Engli
sh, Chinese, German, French, etc. I mean finding something you have in common with another person on a spiritual and philosophical level: likes, dislikes, worldviews, ways of thinking , and attitudes toward life. And to start, you must first enhance your knowledge of the particular culture from which your potential new friend comes form.小题1:The underlined sentence “ Get your hands dirty” means .
| A．get involved | B．start with dirty work |
| C．talk about American culture | D．don’t wash your hands too often |
| A．avoid talking about their homeland |
| B．recognize their personalities |
| C．obey rules of communicating with friends |
| D．needn’t practice English while playing together |
| A．I am longing to make friends with an American. |
| B．This is my friend Tom, who is a foreigner. |
| C．There must be a gap between us in many things. |
| D．You’ve got a great personality. |
When you are happy，little unpleasant events usuallv do not disturb you．When you are unhappy，you feel as if everything is against you．Y
ou may compensate for it by eating chocolate and sweets because this gives you pleasure，yet you stay unhappy．A person may smoke cigarettes because it gives him pleasure，yet this does not make him happier，especiallv if he knows the fact that it is not good for his heahh． The physical world is always in a changing state．At each moment a new thing is being created，changed，transformed and then destroyed．This is the n
ormal state of things and no one can change it．If we stay still in a certain state，we are sure to experience unhappiness sooner or later．0n the other hand, if we adjust to the environment，nothing can influence our moods．Then outer events have nothing to do with our inner joy of mind．
The room of the mind is filled with worry or fear．If you are free of thinking about them，the room has been emptied，and then you will see what is happening and experience it．
When your mind stays quiet，you will see that happiness comes from the inside． 小题1:What does t
he underlined phrase”compensate for“in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? | A．to make a suitable payment for |
| B．to let out your anger for |
C．to provide with a balancing effect for |
| D．to solve the problems for |
| A．A friend gives you a glass of cold lemonade when you feel thirsty． |
| B．You eat chocolate and sweets when you feel as if everything is against you． |
| C．Smoke cigarettes even though you know the fact that it is not good for your health． |
| D．You are free from worry or fear when your mind stays quiet． |
| A．happiness is more dependent on the five senses |
| B．pleasure sometimes arouses happiness |
| C．you feel happy when nothing around you changes in a certain state |
| D．you feel unhappy because you have to adjust to the environment |
| A．Pleasure Leads to Happiness |
| B．Happiness Changes Us |
| C．Happiness Is Within Us |
| D．Stay a Quiet Mind |
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