Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.
It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
小题1:The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.| A．preparing a topic list first | B．focusing on one’s own mind | | C．directing the talk to the desired results | D．experiencing the speaker’s inside world |
小题2:What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?| A．How to listen well. | B．What to listen to. | | C．Benefits of listening. | D．Problems in listening |
小题3:According to the author, in communication people tend to ________.| A．listen actively | B．listen purposefully | | C．set aside their prejudices | D．open up their inner mind |
小题4:According to the author, the patients improved mainly because _______.| A．they were taken good care of. | B．they knew they were truly listened to. | | C．they had partners to talk to. | D．they knew the roots of problems. |
小题5:What type of writing the article likely to be?| A．Science fiction | B．A news report. | C．A medical report. | D．Popular science |
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小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:B
小题5:D |
【文章大意】善于倾听使交往通畅，双方共同成长。倾听要全聚焦，懂得认同；倾听要精气足，学会海纳百川。作者利用倾听心理疗法改变了他的病人，就是一个很好的例证。
小题1:语意推测题 his or her shoes隐喻为the inner part of his or her mind。由上文Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside.和下文Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener.可以得知。
小题2:大意理解题 第二段中心句Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.接着从两个方面①An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’.②Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person.来阐述如何善于倾听。
小题3:细节理解题tend to（有…倾向）由第三段Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively.（即使我们觉得在自己的生意和社交场合会倾听，但只是带着目的有选择性的听。）以及… prepared list in mind and wonder, achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us.(…头脑里想好听哪些事，听到自己想听的来尽可能快地结束话题或转换话题，听自己满意的。) 可以得知B选项正确。
小题4:细节理解题由最后一段There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.（病人被治好的有一些原因，其中主要是病人感觉到许多年来自个儿第一次被倾听。）得知B选项正确。
小题5:资料来源推断题 Science fiction（科幻） A news report.（新闻报道）A medical report.（医学报告）Popular science（科普）文章主要告诉我们如何学会倾听以及倾听在医疗上的应用。所以该文具有科普特点。 |
核心考点
试题【Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite.】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)
小题1:“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.| A．a program directed by Dorothy | | B．a course given by the author | | C．an activity held by the students | | D．an organization sponsored by Union college |
小题2: In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.| A．the long track | B．the poor houses | | C．the same train | D．the winding road |
小题3:Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.| A．a warm welcome | B．the sight of poke greens | | C．Dorothy’s latest projects | D．a big dinner made for her |
小题4:What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.
B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C. She passed the required assessment.
D. She received her Ph. D. degree.
小题5:What does the author mainly intend to tell us?| A．Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. | | B．Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. | | C．However poor you are, you have the right to education, | | D．Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement. |
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It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.
It’s a library built with love.
A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!”
Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass.
After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.
They stocked it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.
Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.
The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words)
小题1:In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?| A．It owns a yellow roof. | B．It stands near a sidewalk. | | C．It protects book lovers from the sun. | D．It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations. |
小题2:Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.| A．a visit to Brian Williams | B．a spring break with her family | | C．a book sent by one of her neighbors | D．a report on a Wisconsin-based organization |
小题3:The library was built __________.| A．by a ship supply company | B．on the basis of toy horses | | C．like a mailbox | D．with glass |
小题4:What can we infer about the signboard?| A．It was made by a user of the library. | B．It marked a final touch to the library. | | C．It aimed at making the library last long. | D．It indicated the library was a family property. |
小题5:The passage tells us that the users __________.| A．donate books to the library | | B．get paid to collect books for the library | | C．receive thank-you notes for using the library | | D．visit the library over 5 times on average daily |
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To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant.We__26__hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our__27__came,I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap (带子) got__28__on a chair and the tray (托盘) that I was holding slipped__29___my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents,__30___on a man who was just about to__31___a bite of his sandwich. I stared,greatly___32__,as the drinks soaked (浸湿) his white shirt.
Then I___33__my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of__34__.Instead,he said “It’s OK” to_ 35__me before he disappeared into the washroom.
Still shaky and unsure___36__to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look___37__.A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and___38__our table, my heart almost stopped
___39__.I thought he was going to ask for my father’s_ 40 __and call him.
To my surprise, he merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said,“__41___yourself new hamburgers. ”He then walked_ 42___without even finishing his food.
He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse,___43__he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still__44___in this world. I will never___45__his actions.
| 小题1: | | A．ordered | B．made | C．arranged | D．demanded |
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| 小题2: | | A．food | B．turn | C．bill | D．menu |
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| 小题3: | | A．fixed | B．caught | C．cut | D．tied |
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| 小题5: | | A．knocked | B．fell | C．stood | D．hung |
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| 小题6: | | A．take | B．taste | C．swallow | D．chew |
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| 小题7: | | A．discouraged | B．disappointed | C．shocked | D．annoyed |
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| 小题8: | | A．bitterness | B．anxiety | C．anger | D．sorrow |
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| 小题9: | | A．rolled | B．rubbed | C．narrowed | D．closed |
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| 小题10: | | A．satisfy | B．comfort | C．encourage | D．praise |
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| 小题11: | | A．how | B．who | C．what | D．which |
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| 小题12: | | A．mild | B．honest | C．calm | D．modest |
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| 小题13: | | A．pushed | B．approached | C．drew | D．laid |
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| 小题14: | | A．beating | B．breaking | C．sinking | D．trembling |
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| 小题15: | | A．help | B．position | C．number | D．job |
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| 小题16: | | A．Prepare | B．Buy | C．Find | D．Cook |
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| 小题17: | | A．on | B．around | C．up | D．away |
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| 小题18: | | A．so | B．since | C．although | D．but |
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| 小题19: | | A．kindness | B．happiness | C．politeness | D．brightness |
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| 小题20: | | A．forget | B．refuse | C．oppose | D．ignore |
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Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places； maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
小题1:Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.| A．observing her school routine | B．expressing her satisfaction | | C．impressing her classmates | D．preserving her history |
小题2:What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?| A．A dull night on the journey. | B．The beauty of the great valley. | | C．A striking quotation from a book. | D．Her concerns for future generations. |
小题3:What does the author put in her diary now?| A．Notes and beautiful pictures. | B．Special thoughts and feelings. | | C．Detailed accounts of daily activities. | D．Descriptions of unforgettable events. |
小题4:The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.| A．to experience it | B．to live the present in the future | | C．to make memories | D．to give accurate representations of it |
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We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now. The little seaside villages are 36 , one by one. "There is my grandmother"s house," I say, 37 across the bay to a shabby old house.
I am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage (朝圣) with Lise, my granddaughter, seeking roots for her, retracing (追溯) 38 memory for me. Lise was one of the mobile children, 39 from house to house in childhood. She longs for a sense of 40 , and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors 41 for 200 years.
We soon 42 by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories 43 back, swift as the tide (潮水).
Suddenly, I long to walk again in the 44 where I was once so gloriously a child. It still 45 a member of the family, but has not been lived in for a while. We cannot go into the house, but I can still walk 46 the rooms in memory. Here, my mother 47 in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary. I can still see the enthusiastic family 48 into and out of the house. I could never have enough of being 49 them. However, that was long after those childhood days. Lise 50 attentively as I talk and then says, " So this is where I 51 ; where I belong. "
She has 52 her roots. To know where I come from is one of the great longings of the human 53 To be rooted is "to have an origin". We need 54 origin. Looking backward, we discover what is unique in us; learn the 55 of "I". We must all go home again—in reality or memory.
| 小题1: | | A．appearing | B．moving | C．exposing | D．expanding |
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| 小题2: | | A．referring | B．travelling | C．pointing | D．coming |
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| 小题3: | | A．shared | B．short | C．fresh | D．treasured |
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| 小题4: | | A．passed | B．raised | C．moved | D．sent |
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| 小题5: | | A．home | B．duty | C．reality | D．relief |
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| 小题6: | | A．built | B．lived | C．remained | D．explored |
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| 小题7: | | A．catch up | B．pull up | C．step down | D．come down |
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| 小题8: | | A．falling | B．turning | C．rushing | D．bringing |
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| 小题9: | | A．yard | B．village | C．room | D．house |
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| 小题10: | | A．adapts to | B．appeals to | C．belongs to | D．occurs to |
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| 小题11: | | A．across | B．through | C．along | D．past |
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| 小题12: | | A．lay | B．played | C．stood | D．sat |
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| 小题13: | | A．marching | B．looking | C．breaking | D．pouring |
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| 小题14: | | A．between | B．with | C．near | D．behind |
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| 小题15: | | A．wonders | B．listens | C．reacts | D．agrees |
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| 小题16: | | A．began | B．grew | C．studied | D．stayed |
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| 小题17: | | A．deepened | B．recognized | C．accepted | D．found |
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| 小题18: | | A．heart | B．rights | C．interest | D．behaviors |
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| 小题20: | | A．meaning | B．expression | C．connection | D．background |
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