For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that"s exactly what it does. In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep. However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes. “This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls,” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, selfharm, low concentration and poor performance at school,” she added. While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it"s still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph. Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light. 小题1:According to the passage, we can know ________.A.it"s a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night | B.scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads | C.darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin | D.the sun was the only source of light in ancient times | 小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced. | B.The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced. | C.The more melatonin you have, the worse you"ll sleep. | D.The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced. | 小题3:The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.A.who are young adults or adolescents | B.who don"t perform well in school | C.who are addicted to a television or laptop | D.who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life | 小题4:In the writer"s opinion, which is a correct suggestion?A.You should go to bed when the sun goes down. | B.You should use an orange or red light electronic screen. | C.You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping. | D.You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime. |
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小题1:C 小题2:A 小题3:D 小题4:D |
本文是一篇科技说明文。研究发现,睡前玩手机可能会影响睡眠状况。 小题1:答案:C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句及第三段第一句可知,C项正确;根据第一段内容可知,A项错误;根据文章内容可知,科学家们只是建议睡前不要玩手机,故B项错误;根据第二段中的“In ancient times,when there were no lamps,telephones or smartphones,the sun was the main source of light.”可知D项为错误结论。 小题2:答案:A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“our brains...a chemical that helps us sleep”及第三段首句“However,a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.”可知A项正确并排除B、C两项。根据第三段中的“even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process,not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens.”可排除D项。 小题3:答案:D 推理判断题。根据第四段内容尤其是最后一句可知,night owls指的就是晚上熬到很晚,缺乏睡眠,然后白天不能集中精神,表现不好的那些人。故D项正确。 小题4:答案:D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,并不是所有颜色的光都会产生同样的作用。我们的眼睛对蓝色的光尤为敏感,它会传递给我们的大脑错误的信息,让大脑以为还在白天,因此会影响我们的睡眠,所以在睡觉前应避免接触蓝光。D项正确。 |
核心考点
试题【For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the 】;主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]
举一反三
A Leap(跳跃) to Honor Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13yearold gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola ____ for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. That"s especially impressive, ____ she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift(移动) constantly. She often sees double and can"t ____ how far away things are. When she was little, her mom ____ that even though she couldn"t see ____, she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the ___ right away and gymnastics became her favorite. Though learning gymnastics has been more ____ for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesn"t let her ____ stop her from doing anything that she wants to. She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest ____ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to ____ your mind that it"ll take you where you want to go,” says Lola. To be a toplevel gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most ____ for anyone because it"s four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didn"t fall ____ the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10—her highest score yet. Lola doesn"t want to be ____ differently from the other girls on her team. At competitions, the judges don"t know about her vision ____. She doesn"t tell them, because she doesn"t think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her ____ attitude. Lola never thinks about ____. She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her ____ is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she"s learned to other kids ____ she grows up. Lola is ____ of all her hard work and success. She says it"s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics too. Her ____ for other is “just believe in yourself”.
小题1: | A.runs | B.teaches | C.trains | D.dances |
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小题2: | A.since | B.unless | C.after | D.though |
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小题3: | A.tell | B.guess | C.assume | D.predict |
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小题4: | A.suspected | B.remembered | C.imagined | D.noticed |
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小题5: | A.deeply | B.well | C.ahead | D.closely |
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小题6: | A.task | B.sport | C.event | D.show |
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小题7: | A.boring | B.enjoyable | C.difficult | D.satisfactory |
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小题8: | A.talent | B.quality | C.nature | D.condition |
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小题9: | A.doubt | B.advantage | C.challenge | D.progress |
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小题10: | A.examine | B.express | C.open | D.trust |
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小题11: | A.fearful | B.harmful | C.unfair | D.inconvenient |
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小题13: | A.greeted | B.treated | C.served | D.paid |
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小题14: | A.pains | B.stresses | C.injuries | D.problems |
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小题15: | A.positive | B.friendly | C.flexible | D.cautious |
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小题16: | A.defending | B.quitting | C.winning | D.bargaining |
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小题17: | A.standard | B.range | C.view | D.goal |
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小题18: | A.until | B.as | C.when | D.before |
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小题19: | A.proud | B.tired | C.ashamed | D.confident |
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小题20: | A.plan | B.advice | C.reward | D.responsibility |
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Yu Bingbing is a 28yearold market research manager. When she is ____ her way to work each morning, she cannot help feeling ____ about whether she has locked the door of her apartment and ____ off the gas. “I"m usually ____ with these feelings for the entire day,” Yu said. Working at an international pharmaceutical(制药的) firm, Yu looks older than she is and her heavily madeup face always has a(n) ____ look. “Since I have been ____ to a managerial position, I lose my temper with my parents and husband more frequently just because of some ____ things,” she said, adding that ____ wrinkles and acne(粉刺) on her face have irritated her even more, and even luxury cosmetics cannot ____ her. “I have to work six days a week and don"t even have extra offtime when I"m sick,” she said. “I have to ____ myself to become a workaholic since the competition in my company is really ____ and I also have to pay a 5,000 yuan monthly mortgage, besides saving a certain amount of money for my ____ baby.” Life is like riding on a ____ for Yu and many other members of China"s post80s generation, the first generation ____ after the ____ of the familyplanning policy and the group to benefit ____ from the country"s opening up policy and its booming economy. Being the only child in their family, and without much to trouble them during their youth, most of them were taken good care of or even ____ by their parents and grandparents. Having such a ____ carefree youth—when this generation reached ____ and had to ____ with soaring(猛增的) prices, the high cost of raising children and intense competition in the workplace—they suffered a rude awakening. According to statistics, the population of China"s post80s generation is over 200 million. The media usually refers to them as “slaves” to property, credit cards, children and marriage.
小题2: | A.unsure | B.doubtful | C.anxious | D.angry |
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小题4: | A.wrestling | B.going | C.associating | D.keeping |
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小题5: | A.worried | B.exhausted | C.sad | D.terrible |
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小题6: | A.promoted | B.risen | C.put | D.occupied |
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小题7: | A.unhappy | B.unimportant | C.bad | D.household |
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小题8: | A.big | B.many | C.heavy | D.slight |
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小题9: | A.help | B.decorate | C.benefit | D.beautify |
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小题10: | A.make | B.push | C.pull | D.encourage |
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小题11: | A.fierce | B.severe | C.strong | D.huge |
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小题12: | A.planned | B.prepared | C.behaved | D.grown |
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小题13: | A.bike | B.horse | C.rollercoaster | D.line |
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小题14: | A.born | B.raised | C.started | D.suffered |
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小题15: | A.practice | B.introduction | C.completion | D.influence |
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小题16: | A.much | B.most | C.approximately | D.little |
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小题17: | A.loved | B.protected | C.avoided | D.spoiled |
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小题18: | A.likely | B.seriously | C.greatly | D.relatively |
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小题19: | A.childhood | B.youth | C.adulthood | D.midlife |
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小题20: | A.cope | B.meet | C.talk | D.share |
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When 19yearold Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the MakeAWish Foundation(基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important MakeAWish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say. Sophia told us that MakeAWish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. “It"s a charity(慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. MakeAWish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true,” Sophia explained. We asked Sophia how MakeAWish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris"s dream come true—so, with everybody"s help, Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a “policeman” for a day. “When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of MakeAWish,” explained Sophia. Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A MakeAWish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can. 小题1:Sophia found out about MakeAWish because her best friend had ________.A.benefited from it | B.volunteered to help it | C.dreamed about it | D.told the author about it | 小题2:According to Sophia, MakeAWish ________.A.is an international charity | B.was understood by nobody at first | C.raises money for very poor families | D.started by drawing the interest of the public | 小题3:What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3?A.He has been a policeman since he was seven. | B.He gave people the idea of starting MakeAWish. | C.He wanted people to help make his dream come true. | D.He was the first child MakeAWish helped after it had been set up. | 小题4:Which of the following is true about MakeAWish volunteers?A.They are important for making wishes come true. | B.They try to help children get over their illnesses. | C.They visit sick children to make them feel special. | D.They provide what is necessary to make MakeAWish popular. |
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It was my birthday last Thursday. I decided to celebrate it by inviting a few friends out to supper. I chose a restaurant in a part of town. It is one of my favorite restaurants because the food is good and the waiters are friendly. It is ever crowded, because not many people know about it, so it is not usually to book a table. In any case, Thursday is not a busy evening . When we entered the restaurant, we were surprised to find it completely . I looked around but not table was free. One of the waiters me. He came across and explained the situation. “A party of tourists came in about half an hour ago.” he said. “It was like an invasion(侵略). Suddenly the place was full! We can hardly . ” The waiter then pointed to a table in the corner. “The people there are about to , ” he said, “Just hold on and you’ll a place there.” He was right. Fifteen minutes later, the people the corner table paid their , got up and left. I led my friends across and we all sat down. our table was almost out of sight. We tried to call the attention of the waiter sent us there, but he, like all the other waiters, the party of tourists. They ordered lots of food. At last, an hour later, the tourists were finishing their meal and looking very with life. The waiter, now very tired, appeared at our table. I advised my friends about the best dishes and finally the waiter went off with our A few moments later he returned to our table. We could tell from his face that he had for us. a little sorry, he told us that there was left. “All we can offer you” he said, “is an omelet(煎蛋卷) !”
小题1: | A.quiet | B.calm | C.busy | D.silent |
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小题2: | A.hard | B.often | C.hardly | D.always |
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小题3: | A.necessary | B.possible | C.important | D.certain |
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小题4: | A.as before | B.as a matter of fact | C.as usual | D.as is known to all |
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小题5: | A.empty | B.full | C.free | D.quiet |
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小题6: | A.all | B.every | C.a single | D.a double |
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小题7: | A.realized | B.recognized | C.comforted | D.settled |
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小题8: | A.watch | B.care | C.try | D.manage |
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小题10: | A.find | B.find out | C.wait | D.see |
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小题12: | A.money | B.bill | C.food | D.drinks |
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小题13: | A.Luckily | B.Fortunately | C.Generally | D.Unluckily |
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小题15: | A.were kept busy | B.was busy with | C.kept busy with | D.were busy with |
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小题16: | A.exciting | B.tired | C.pleased | D.disappointed |
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小题17: | A.dishes | B.food | C.order | D.menu |
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小题18: | A.good presents | B.good news | C.bad news | D.bad presents |
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小题19: | A.Looking | B.Seeing | C.Looked | D.Found |
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小题20: | A.no meat or fish | B.no meat and fish | C.meat and fish | D.not meat or fish |
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Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do . When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other when you choose your food. You may it because it smells good or because it good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense. Although there are many types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the . A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other in the garden. However, most animals have a more diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The of these animals will be different depending on the season. have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much . This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal , such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modem life.
小题1: | A.males | B.children | C.humans | D.adults |
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小题2: | A.organs | B.senses | C.parts | D.means |
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小题3: | A.hate | B.sell | C.like | D.fancy |
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小题4: | A.digests | B.consumes | C.touches | D.tastes |
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小题5: | A.creatures | B.mammals | C.people | D.animals |
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小题6: | A.different | B.rare | C.familiar | D.unique |
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小题7: | A.typical | B.particular | C.special | D.unusual |
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小题8: | A.food | B.meal | C.choice | D.diet |
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小题9: | A.flowers | B.vegetables | C.fruits | D.branches |
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小题10: | A.varied | B.creative | C.random | D.nutritious |
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小题11: | A.fish | B.fruit | C.diet | D.insect |
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小题12: | A.Animals | B.Chinese | C.Humans | D.Foreigners |
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小题13: | A.effective | B.beneficial | C.delicious | D.attractive |
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小题14: | A.sugar | B.nicotine | C.fiber | D.alcohol |
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小题15: | A.products | B.attachments | C.goods | D.subscriptions |
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