题目
题型：福建省会考题难度：来源：
Most Argentines (阿根廷人) are primarily of European descent (血统), which separates them from other
Latin American countries where European and Indian cultures are more mixed. Argentines often seem more
European than other Latin Americans in culture and emotion.
If you are invited to an Argentine home, you should keep the following things in your mind.
The first one is to dress well. Men should wear a jacket and tie. Women should wear a dress or a skirt and
blouse. Next is to arrive 30 to 45 minutes later than the invited time for a dinner party. Arriving on time is not
the standard. Finally, telephone your hosts the following day to thank them.
As for table manners, you have to pay attention to the following things:
Wait for the host or hostess to tell you where to sit. There may be a seating plan.
Table manners are Continental (欧式的)-hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right While eating.
Do not begin eating until the hostess invites you to do so.
Always keep your hands in sight when eating, but do not rest your elbows on the table.
Wait for a toast to be made before taking a drink.
It is considered polite to leave a small amount of food on your plate when you have finished eating.
B. 错误
B. 错误
B. 错误
B. 错误
B. 错误
答案
核心考点
举一反三
One important variable affecting communication across cultures is destiny (命运) and personal responsibility.
This refers to the degree to which we feel ourselves the masters of our lives, contrary to the degree to which
we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control. Another way to look at this is to ask how much we
see ourselves able to change and act, to choose the course of our lives and relationships. Some have drawn a
parallel between the personal responsibility in North American settings and the view itself. The North American
view is vast, with large spaces of unpopulated land. The frontier attitude of "King" of the wilderness, and the
expansiveness of the land reaching huge distances, may relate to generally high levels of confidence in the ability
to shape and choose our destinies.
In this expansive land, many children grow up with a heroic sense of life, where ideas are big, and hope
springs forever. When they experience temporary failures, they are encouraged to redouble their efforts, to "try,
try again". Action, efficiency (效率), and achievement are valued and expected. Free will is respected in laws
and enforced by courts.
Now consider places in the world with much smaller land, whose history reflects wars and tough struggles..
Northern Ireland, Mexico, Israel, Palestine. In these places, destiny"s role is more important in human life. In
Mexico, there is a history of hard life, fighting over land, and loss of homes. Mexicans are more likely to see
struggles as part of their life and unavoidable. Their passive attitude is expressed in their way of responding to
failure or accident by saying "ni modo" ("no way" or "tough luck"), meaning that the failure was destined.
This variable is important to understanding cultural conflict. If someone believing in free will crosses paths
with someone more passive, miscommunication is likely. The first person may expect action and accountability.
Failing to see it, he may conclude that the second is lazy, not cooperative, or dishonest. The second person will
expect respect for the natural order of things. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the first is forcible, rude,
or big headed in his ideas of what can be accomplished or changed.
B. general attitude
C. financial background
D. geographic characteristics
B. dishonest
C. ambitious
D. hesitant
B. a branch of knowledge
C. a person being experimented on
D. a person under the power of others
B. heroic sense of life roots deeply in a small country
C. living in limited space contributes to an accepting attitude
D. fighting over land may help people gain high levels of confidence
There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America. The first settlers in
North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska. The people who made this initial
crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.
Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared. The settlers, who I
shall call the "First Americans", could not return to their homeland 1_____
For the next few thousand years, the First Americans migrated south and east throughout North and South
America. They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of
more than 10 000 miles 2_____ In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters
of the ocean 3_____
In the brief summer, they gathered berries and other plants. In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of
the time preparing for the next summer. It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.
Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became
cliff dwellers (悬崖居民). They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs. 4_____ The dwellings
they constructed in many ways resembled today"s apartment buildings.
5_____ They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost.any time of the
year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the
desert.
In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in
the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and
mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.
B. Along the way, they established many different civilizations.
C. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.
D. They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.
E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.
F. People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.
G. They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone
phenomenon in society.
"Geilivable", combining pinyin of Chinese characters Geili (giving strength) with the English suffix
for adjectives, literally means "giving power" or "cool". Similarly, "hengeilivable" means "very cool",
and "ungeilivable" means "dull, not cool at all". "Antizen" refers to the group of college graduates who,
earning a small salary and living in small rented apartments, are like the tiny and laborious ants.
David Tool, a professor with the Beijing International Studies University said it"s very interesting to
combine Chinese with English to create new words. "English is no longer mysterious to the Chinese
people. They can use the language in a flexible way according to their own experiences," he said. Chinese
words and expressions were created, as well, by netizens. One example was "Suan Ni Hen". This three-
character expression, which originally meant "you win" with the first character carrying the same
pronunciation as garlic in Chinese, is used to satirize (讽刺) high garlic and food prices this winter.
Chinese people use the character "bei" before a verb to show a passive voice, and it is used by netizens
to show the helplessness in front of false conclusions and fake media reports. For instance, "zisha" means
"suicide" while "beizisha" means "be officially presumed to have committed suicide", and "xiaokang" means
"fairly comfortable life" while "beixiaokang" means "be said to be living a fairly comfortable life".
Wu Zhongmin, a professor at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of
China, saw the phenomenon of word creation as a natural response of young people to social issues. "Cyber
language is more vivid and it shortens people"s distances," he said.
B. cyber language is of great fun
C. cyber language needs to be taught at college
D. cyber language in China is popular for it"s relation with society
B. Antizens live in small rented apartments with small salaries.
C. Suan Ni Hen refers to the highest food prices ever.
D. Beixiaokang means "be said" to be living a comfortable life.
B. Young people are more likely to respond to nature.
C. Social phenomena are more easily reflected in cyber language.
D. The best way to create new cyber words is to combine Chinese and English.
B. using the character carrying the same pronunciation
C. combining Chinese characters with the English
D. putting the character"bei" before an English word
the influence of American culture. Over the years, lots of people have moved to Canada. There has been
a healthy change of Canadian"s ideas that has resulted in the development of certain special features in
Canada. The people of Canada have always been proud of their diverse cultural backgrounds.
[2] Art: Canada has some of the most wonderful classical works of art. In the year 1930, artists began
developing their own personal style. The"Group of Seven" is considered to be the first group of native artists
to create their own style.
[3] Language and religion: Because of its diverse cultures, Canada has two official languages, English
and French. There is _____. A number of people in Canada have confirmed that they have no religious belief,
though there are many other groups that follow Protestantism as a religion.
[4] Literature: The literature of Canada basically shows the different cultural influences of other countries.
Some of the early works were divided according to the region of Canada from which the author came, but
there were also authors who gave a humorous touch to serious contents. A number of authors have been
awarded for their literature works.
[5] Music: Music in Canada has seen many developments in styles along the way. Many Canadian
musicians have earned worldwide fame. From folk music to rock, Canadian music continues to entertain
people. In recent years, music from Asia and Africa has found quite a fan following in Canada.
2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)
3. What does the word"their" (Line 4, Para l) refer to? (no more than 2 words)
4. Canadian culture has been influenced by many other countries. List all of them mentioned in the text. (no
more than 10 words)
5. Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 5 words) Recently, music from Asia
and Africa has become in Canada.
written by a little old woman for her grandchildren. According to some people, she lived in Boston, and her
real name was Elizabeth Vergoose. Her son-in-law, a printer named Thomas Fleet, was supposed to have
published the famous nursery stories and rhymes (押韵诗) in 1719. However, no copy of this book has ever
been found, and most scholars doubt the truth of this story-and doubt, moreover, that Mother Goose was ever
a real person. They point out that the name is a direct translation of the French "Mere L"oye". In 1697 the
Frenchman Charles Perrault published the first book in which this name was used. The collection contains
eight tales, including"Sleeping Beauty", "Cinderella", and "Puss in Boots". But Perrault did not originally make
up these stories； they were already quite popular in his day, and he only collected them.
In 1729 there appeared an English translation of Perrault"s collection, Robert Samber"s Histories or Tales
of Past Times, Told by Mother Goose (London, 1729), which introduced "Sleeping Beauty", "Little Red Riding-
hood", "Puss in Boots", "Cinderella" and other Perrault"s tales to English-speaking audiences. These were fairy
tales(童话). John Newbery published a book of English rhymes, Mother Goose"s Melody, or, Sonnets for the
Cradle (London, undated, 1765), which switched the focus from fairy tales to nursery rhymes, and in English
this was until recently the primary meaning for Mother Goose. A book of poems for children entitled Mother
Goose"s Melody was published in England in 1781, and the name"Mother Goose" has been associated with
children"s poetry ever since.
B. The Mother Goose stories were translated into French.
C. Charles Perrault published the first Mother Goose stories.
D. Elizabeth Vergoose collected the first Mother Goose stories.
B. Thomas Fleet
C. Charles Perrault
D. still uncertain
a. Charles Perrault published his book containing eight popular tales.
b. John Newbery switched the focus from fairy tales to nursery rhymes.
c. The book introducing"Cinderella" to English speakers came out.
d. A book of poems Mother Goose"s Melody was published in England.
B. c-a-d-b
C. a-c-b-d
D. a-d-c-b
B. children"s poetry
C. a kind of animal
D. a printer of Boston
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