题目
题型：湖北省模拟题难度：来源：
trying hard to solve a question that would otherwise have been completely unthinkable: Can building be
designed to stand catastrophic blasts (攻击) by terrorists?
Soon after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo
and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) traveled to ground zero
as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. They spent two days beginning the task
of formulating (构思) ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so
in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
"Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World
Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage," said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. "Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain
standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married
to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,"
he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate the monumental damage to the World Trade
Center towers and buildings nearby. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but
was badly damaged. "This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see
a column (柱子) there that used to be part of that building," explained A. Whittaker, Ph.D. "The column
became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor."
The visit to the area also brought some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor
framing (框架) system in one of the buildings was quite strong , allowing floors that were pierced by tons
of falling debris (残砾) to survive. "Good framing systems may provide a simple, but reliable strategy for
blast resistance," he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the
event that a load-bearing column fails. "We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse," said A. Whittaker. "We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict
it."
A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that "earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of buildings in the past.
Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant
design. Part of our mission now is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist
at present."
B. that is too difficult for structural engineers a month ago
C. that was never thought of before the terrorist attack
D. that terrorists are eager to find a solution to
B. was part of the World Trade Center
C. was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
D. damaged many buildings near the World Trade Center
B. some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
C. complex floor framing systems are more blast resistant
D. floors in one of the buildings were pierced by tons of debris
B. blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
C. solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D. blast engineering emerges as a totally new branch of science
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 During the years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center,】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填人 恰当的单词。
注意:表格中的每个空格只填1 个单词.
twenty-five percent of the nation"s population lived on farms. Today less than one percent of Americans
do.
Farm incomes have changed over the years, too. For example,in 1933,people living and working on
farms had much less money to spend than other Americans. At that time,farm families had about one-third
the income of non- farmers after all necessary expenses had been paid. By the late 1970s, however, that difference had almost disappeared. In 2004,farmers had their best year ever. The average farm family
earned about eighty-one thousand dollars. That was more than the average American family, which
earned about sixty thousand dollars.
The Department of Labor measures the pay of industrial workers differently. It measures the average
hourly and weekly pay for industrial workers. This is because factory workers are generally paid by the
hour unlike farmers who earn income from their farm businesses. Generally, the average hourly pay for
all
industrial workers is about sixteen dollars. And the average weekly pay,about five hundred fifty dollars.
Industrial workers were about twenty-three percent of the labor force in the 1970s. But that number
has been decreasing. Most Americans have jobs that provide services. Professional,technical and other
services employ about eighty-six percent of the labor force.
to the US as slaves in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth
century, They worked on farms, especially the large farms in the
southern states. Slowly they became a necessary part of the economic
system (经济体系) of the South.
Slaves did not have the right of people;according tO the law,
they were a" thing" which belonged to the person who bought them.
They had to obey the orders of their owners without question. They
were not allowed to learn to read ; their owners feared the educated
slaves would begin to think about the injustice of the system and
would learn to struggle for their freedom. Slaves had to work long
hours in very unhealthy conditions. Their owners had complete power
over them. They could be bought and sold like animals. At the
slave markets, black children were separated from their parents and
never saw them again. Slave owners had the right to punish the
slave who broke the rule or was against the system. Slaves were often
beaten by their owners or killed. After the Civil War, one free
slave reported that his owner killed an older slave who was teaching
him to read. In theory, an owner who treated a slave badly could be
punished. In practice, however, the taw meant nothing.
The opposition to slavery began very early in the history of the
US-in 1671-but little progress was made until the beginning of
the nineteenth century. By 1804, slavery was illegal in the northern
states. But it continued and even grew, in the southern states, which
depended on cotton for their economic health. Slavery ended in the
South only after the Civil War. For blacks,however,the end of slavery
was only a beginning, the beginning of a long and difficult struggle for
true justice.
B. The opposition to slavery in the United States.
C. Slavery in the United States.
D. The right of black Americans.
B. Because their owners were afraid that books would give them advanced ideas.
C. Because they did not have enough time to read.
D. Because they were so poor that they could not go to school.
B. The US government paid much attention to freedom.
C. There were some laws that successfully protected the rights of slaves.
D. The opposition to slavery in the United States began in the seventeenth century.
those in these Lexus sedans for customers free of charge, if problems are found," said Yang Hongjian, a
spokes- woman of Toyota"s China representative office.
The expected recall will affect Lexus LS430 sedans made in Japan from July 29, 2003 to January 14,
2004, the representative office said in a statement. Toyota has not received complaints from Chinese
customers, according to the statement. The move will be part of Toyota"s global recall of 18,200 Lexus
LS430s. It will be the third car recall in China in two weeks. Although automobile recall is a common
practice in developed markets, it remains new to Chinese customers. The Chinese government published
long-awaited automobile recall rules on March 15, which will be officially carried out at the beginning of
October.
China"s auto market is forecast to reach 10 million units by 2010. Automakers, especially Chinese
producers, will face greater pressure from automobile recalls, which could be very costly sometimes, and
should be in full preparations, according to the expert. The Japanese carmaker sold 1, 549 Lexus
vehicles on the Chinese mainland during the first five months of this year, according to Yang. Lexus sales
on the mainland reached 4,000 units last year, up from 1,600 units in 2002. (China Daily July 3, 2004)
B. Chinese car market has seen car recalls three times so far.
C. Toyota will have a worldwide recall of Lexus LS430 sedans.
D. Toyota Motor start to recall Lexus Sedans due to the problems with fuel tanks.
B. they couldn"t afford the cost for their car recalls
C. their products could not meet the required standard
D. there were no related rules and little pressure
B. automobile recalls will take place in China more frequently
C. China"s car market is forecast to be the biggest by 2010 in the world
D. Toyota is likely to sell the most Lexus Sedans in China in the future
B. China Prepares to Recall Cars
C. The Problems in China"s Car Market
D. Costly Japanese Car Recalls
even be for sale in an illegal Website(非法网站). Websites offering cheap goods and services should
be regarded with care Online shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the
goods they thought they bought.
The thieves then go shopping with your card number-or sell the information over the Internet.
Computer hackers(黑客)have broken down security(安全) system, raising questions about the safety
of card holder information.
Several months ago, 25,000 customers of a CD universe, an online music retailer(批发商), were
not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Website after the retailer
refused to pay US $ 157,828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against online fraud. Master-card is working on plans for Web
only credit-card, with a lower credit limit. The
card could be used only for shopping online. However , there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm"s online rules: under British law, cardholders are responsible for the
first US$ 78 of any fraudulent spending. And shop only at secure sites: send your credit-card information
only if the Website offers advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your scree
n. The Website address may also start http://--the extra "s" stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card
information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe: most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your password with care.
B. sale
C. payment
D. use
B. fraud on the Internet happens very often
C. many Websites break down every day
D. there are too many illegal Websites on the Internet
he information of the credit-card ______.B. by paying money for people working in the information companies
C. because of the carelessness of the customers
D. by stealing the information from Websites
B. you will not be able to get back your information
C. you might suffer great losses
D. the bank will answer for your loss
B. How to Shop on the Internet
C. Never Use Credit-card Without an Advanced Computer
D. Why Thieves Steal Credit-card Information
million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They givetheir owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and
even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit
cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations,
whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the
horizon----it"s already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too.
Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of
records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep
track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.
Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers
record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and
staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify pr
eferred customer for promotionalcampaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future and which
to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the product
ionprocess itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric
utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of
computers.
B. obtain more convenient services than other people do
C. enjoy greater trust from th
e storekeeperD. cash money where he wishes to
B. credit cards are ma
inly used in the United States today C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before
A. make an order of goods
B. record sales on a cash register
C. call the sales manager
D. keep track of the goods in stock
A. computers will bring disaster
B. computer industry will not develop faster
C. computers will bring about more convenience to people"s life
D. None
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