In 1955, a man named Raymond Kroc entered a partnership with two brothers named Mcdonald. They operated a popular restaurant in California which sold food that was easy to prepare and serve quickly. Hamburgers, French fries, and cold drinks were the main foods on the limited menu. Kroc opened similar eating places under the same name, “McDonald’s” and they were a quick success. He later took over the company and today it is one of the most famous and successful “fast-food” chains(连锁店) in America and the world.
Why was his idea so successful? Probably the most important reason was that his timing was right. In the 1950s, most married women stayed home to keep house and take care of their children. During the 1960s, the movement for equality(平等) between men and women and an economy(经济) that needed more families to have two money-earners resulted in many women returning to the workplace. This meant that they had less time and energy to do housework, so they depended more on fast-food restaurants.
Single parents also have little time to spend in the kitchen. People living alone because of divorce(离婚) or a preference for a “single lifestyle” also depend on this type of food, since cooking for one is often more trouble than it is worth.
Fast food is not part of the diet of all Americans. Another of the 1960s was called back-to-nature movement. More and more Americans based their diets on natural foods. This preference for natural foods continues to this day. These products can now be found not only in the special health food store but also in many supermarkets.
小题1:The passage is mainly about ____.| A．how and why “McDonald’s” became successful | | B．the effect social and economic changes have on people’s eating habits | | C．why Americans prefer natural food | | D．American eating habits |
小题2:Which of the following was NOT a reason for Raymond Kroc’s success?| A．His partnership with the McDonald brothers. | | B．A changing economy. | | C．The back-to-nature movement. | | D．Women’s equality movement. |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that ____.| A．natural foods can also be found in McDonald’s | | B．many married women in America returned to work in the 1960s | | C．McDonald’s fast food is popular among the young | | D．divorce caused people to change their eating habits |
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小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D |
试题分析：本文通过分析麦当劳成功的原因来告诉我们经济对于人们的饮食习惯有较大的影响。
小题1:B 主旨大意题。在文章1段介绍了麦当劳的成功，在第2段分析了麦当劳成功的原因，原来是因为经济方面的问题，故本文是关于经济影响人们饮食习惯的短文，故B项正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第三段3,4行Fast food is not part of the diet of all Americans. Another of the 1960s was called back-to-nature movement说明back-to-nature movement这个运动是与快餐业是相反的运动，故Ｃ项符合题目要求。ABD三项都是麦当劳成功的原因。
小题3:D 推断题。根据第三段前3行Single parents also have little time to spend in the kitchen. People living alone because of divorce(离婚) or a preference for a “single lifestyle” also depend on this type of food,说明离婚的人的饮食习惯也发生了变化。故D项正确。
点评：本文告诉我们经济对于人们的饮食习惯有较大的影响，测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。 |
核心考点
试题【In 1955, a man named Raymond Kroc entered a partnership with two brothers named 】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
It is easy to find your way about in New York. It is laid out so regularly. Instead of streets winding and twisting (迂回) as they do in London, they are all regular and well planned. The streets running north and south are called “avenues” and are numbered, e.g. 1st Avenue, 2nd Avenue, etc. The streets going east and west are called “streets” and are also numbered, e.g. 51st Street, 63rd Street. It is all much more logical (合理的) than London’s street names. But I couldn’t help thinking how much more interesting than these dull cold numbers are London’s illogical but colorful names of streets, e.g. “Bishopgate” (which is not a gate and hasn’t a Bishop in it); “Haymarket” or “Corn market” (where you won’t see any hey or corn) or “Poultry” (without a living chicken anywhere in sight) or “Thread needle Street” (where you won’t find little girls learning to sew).
小题1:In the second sentence of the passage, “laid out” means ______.| A．built | B．be put | C．designed | D．cut down |
小题2:The streets running from north to south are called _______.| A．avenues in London | B．streets in America | | C．avenues in New York | D．streets in London |
小题3:According to the writer’s opinion, ______.| A．avenues and streets are the same | | B．streets in America are better than avenues in England | | C．streets in New York are better than those in London | | D．the writer didn’t agree with the London streets planners |
小题4:The names of streets both in London and New York ______.| A．are quite good | B．are interesting | | C．are not practical | D．differ greatly in form |
小题5:The writer tells his readers that he prefers (更喜欢) _____.| A．London streets | B．New York streets | | C．both | D．neither |
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It helps us understand the world better if we know a little geography and have some maps at hand. But with maps in Chinese only, misunderstanding is possible in studying world events. Chinese names are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning to a foreigner. For the opening of the country maps are important and helpful and needed badly.
I wish maps various languages, such as those used in the United Nations, would come out and be sold in all bookstores open to Chinese.
小题1:The writer is mainly talking about ____.| A．geography | B．maps | | C．Chinese names | D．the opening of the country |
小题2:Knowing a little geography and having some maps in Chinese only, a foreigner ____.| A．can study world events easily | | B．can study world events without misunderstanding | | C．can’t study world events without misunderstanding | | D．will fell joy in studying world events |
小题3:What are the difficulties for a foreigner to use a map in Chinese?| A．A foreigner has nowhere to buy a map | | B．All the bookstores only open to Chinese. | | C．The names of Chinese people are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning. | | D．The names of places on a map in Chinese are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning. |
小题4:In the United Nations people use maps in ____.| A．foreign languages only | B．Chinese only | | C．various languages | D．English only |
小题5:According to the passage maps in foreign language are badly needed ____.| A．in a country open to other parts of the world | | B．if a country is going to join the United Nations | | C．when we are learning geography | | D．if there are no maps in bookstores open to Chinese |
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In Taiwan, “motorpool “ is commonly known as a place for the maintenance(维修) of official business and government cars. In ___36___ it is a place for vehicle maintenance.
More than ten years ago, I came to America on business and I __37__advantage of the chance to visit my friend. My friend drove a car to ___38__ me at the airport, and took me to his home__39 the airport. My friend drove his car into the innermost lane, ___40__ had a sign ‘carpool only’ I wondered what “carpool” meant. I wondered ___41____he was going to a motorpool. So I thought myself ____42__ in asking:” Is there anything wrong with the car?” “Nothing.____43___?” said he. “Well then, why are you going to a carpool?” I responded. My friend couldn’t help ___44__ and told me that “ carpool” ___45___to the lane that only the cars with two or more passengers can ____46___. I felt rather embarrassed __47__ that.
After dinner, my friend’s neighbor ４８ to ask whether he could carpool the next day. “ ４９ ”, my friend said, “ I will accompany my friend to go shopping tomorrow.” I was puzzled again, ５０ why he could not “ carpool” with him since we had “ carpooled” ５１. My friend explained to me again that the “ carpool” with him that ____５2____ used meant they in turn drove the car to work so as to save ５3 . The first” carpool” is a noun; ____５4___ the second “carpool” is a verb. It is really difficult for ５５ in America to understand it in a short time.
| 小题1: | | A．common | B．time | C．general | D．short |
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| 小题3: | | A．see | B．take | C．meet | D．accept |
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| 小题4: | | A．In | B．Out of | C．Inside | D．From |
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| 小题5: | | A．where | B．which | C．it | D．there |
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| 小题6: | | A．what | B．whether | C．which | D．when |
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| 小题7: | | A．puzzled | B．foolish | C．interested | D．clever |
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| 小题8: | | A．which | B．why | C．where | D．what |
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| 小题9: | | A．laughing | B．shouting | C．stopping | D．saying |
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| 小题10: | | A．means | B．refers | C．is | D．comes |
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| 小题11: | | A．pass through | B．go over | C．drive in | D．sit in |
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| 小题12: | | A．in saying | B．for doing | C．on hearing | D．at listening to |
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| 小题13: | | A．went out | B．came over | C．arrived | D．got off |
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| 小题14: | | A．Yes | B．I’m afraid | C．Sure . | D．No |
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| 小题15: | | A．wondering | B．saying | C．suggesting | D．hesitating |
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| 小题16: | | A．yesterday | B．tomorrow | C．the last day | D．today |
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| 小题17: | | A．his neighbor | B．his friend | C．he. | D．I |
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| 小题18: | | A．time | B．money | C．energy | D．pollution’ |
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| 小题20: | | A．newcomer | B．people | C．Chinese | D．those |
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When I first saw the book Alice in Lace, I thought I was going to like it. And as it turned out, I love it! I love books about life and being a kid. And Alice in Lace is just that kind. It’s a humorous book about being thirteen and the problems kids might face. Alice and her friends get a strange assignment from their totally cool teacher, Mr. Everett. It was like playing the game of “Life,” but you had to act it out.
So Pamela is pregnant, Elizabeth buys a car and Alice gets married. Well, of course, Pamela wasn’t really pregnant, but she walked around with a pillow under her shirt to get people’s reactions. Elizabeth didn’t really buy a car, but she went to the car lot and made the sales guy think she was. The whole class got assignments like these! I would love to do something like that for school.
In the book Alice has a lot to think about. “Getting married is hard!” Alice says. She has to plan the ceremony, the honeymoon, find a place to live, pay for furniture and two months’ rent and food. Maybe she and her “husband” could work it out — if they were getting on fine!
Although this book was funny, it really made me think about how problems like these could really mess up your life. Take teenage pregnancy for example. How could you have a baby and stay in school? You couldn’t find a babysitter every day to stay with your kid. A child really consumes your life. I understand what the teacher was trying to do. He was trying to discourage the class from getting into these problems by giving them a glimpse of life. As someone about to become a teenager myself, I can say sometimes a story makes you think about what’s up ahead.
Overall, I would say this book is wonderful. My favorite part of the book is discovering that if I like it, there are seven other Alice books I can check out at my local library. I love this book, and I hope you will too.
小题1:We can infer from the passage that Pamela, Elizabeth and Alice _______.| A．turn out to be the author’s classmates | | B．are characters in Alice in Lace | | C．get along quite well | | D．become dismissed from school |
小题2:By saying “getting married is hard” in the paragraph 3, Alice means ______. | A．life isn’t easy as expected | | B．it is hard to deal with her husband | | C．she regrets getting married | | D．it’s fun to get married |
小题3:Why did Mr. Everett give his students such assignments?| A．To encourage them to enjoy a meaningful life. | | B．To prevent them getting into those troubles at an early age. | | C．To make them realize the hardship of life. | | D．To teach them how to make a living. |
小题4:The author writes the passage mainly to _____.| A．advise us to buy Alice in Lace | | B．tell us how wonderful Mr. Everett’s idea is | | C．share her inspiration from Alice in Lace | | D．show off her reading ability |
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“Slow City” — a recently launched project focused on preserving the traditional quality of life enjoyed in some of Italy’s smaller cities and towns. The project was born from the idea of the “Slow Food” movement — started in Italy in the 1980s — which promotes leisurely eating and the growing of local, healthy products to fight against the American fast-food style.
“The American urban model has invaded our cities, making Italian towns look the same. We want to stop this kind of globalization,” says Paolo Saturnini, an Italian mayor.
The “Slow City” project plans to emphasize the rich, cultural, culinary(厨房的) and artistic local traditions of each community.
Walking areas will be enlarged and squares and parks will be made greener with more plants. Car alarms and other noise that disturbs the peace will be banned, and ugly TV aerials(天线), advertising posters, and signs will be taken down.
City councils will also insist on the use of recycling and renewable energy sources, and will also introduce ecological transport systems. Parking will be made stress-free by creating more public parking areas, and easily accessible walkways and bike lanes will cross the city. But in the “Slow City” way, all improvements will probably come about slowly.
Thirty-two Italian city councils, which joined the “Slow City” program, have decided to take further steps in this direction by increasing the numbers of traditional family-style eating establishments, reducing noise pollution, and concentrating on making their towns friendlier for people to live in.
Organic local produce will be promoted in all restaurants and genetically modified foods(转基因食品) will be banned. “We can’t stop large, fast-food chains from coming here, but we hope that people who come to our towns will not want to eat exactly the same hamburger they can eat in Melbourne, London or Paris, but want something genuine and different,” said Saturnini.
小题1:According to the passage, the “Slow City” project aims at _____.| A．preventing Italy from being affected by America | | B．beautifying the environment of small Italian cities and towns | | C．calling on Italians to enjoy stress-free life | | D．protecting the traditional Italian lifestyle |
小题2:From Paragraphs 4-5, we can infer that ______.| A．cars in “Slow City” will have to go slowly | | B．people can park their cars free of charge in “Slow City” | | C．“Slow City” will take on an environmentally friendly look | | D．advertising in “Slow City” will be banned |
小题3:Further measures will be included in the “Slow City” program EXCEPT _____.| A．cutting down noise pollution | | B．stop genetically modified foods | | C．getting more towns involved in the project | | D．building more family-style restaurants |
小题4:In Saturnini’s opinion, when traveling in “Slow Cities”, visitors_____.| A．aren’t provided with fast food | | B．will see few fast-food chains | | C．can enjoy themselves like in London | | D．can enjoy real Italian-style healthy food |
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