题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The most famous hyper-polyglot was Giuseppe Mezzofanti, a 19th century Italian cardinal, who was said to speak 72 languages. This claim sounds absurd. If you assume each language had 20,000 words, Mezzofanti would have to learn a word a minute, six hours a day, for eleven years—an impossible task. But Mezzofanti was tested by critics, and they were all impressed.
Did Mezzofanti have an extraordinary brain? Or are hyper-polyglots just ordinary people with ordinary brains who manage to do something extraordinary through hard work?
U.S. linguist Stephen Drashen believes that outstanding language learners just work harder at it and then they acquire unusually strong language ability. As an example, he mentions a Hungarian woman who worked as an interpreter during the 20th century. When she was 86, she could speak 16 languages and was still working on learning new languages. She said she learned them mostly on her own, reading fiction or working through dictionaries or textbooks.
Some researchers argue to the contrary. They believe that there is such a thing as a talent for learning languages. In the 1930s, a German scientist examined parts of the preserved brain of a hyper-polyglot named Emil Krebs, who could speak 60 languages fluently. The scientist found that the area of Krebs’s brain called Broca’s area, which is associated with language, looked different from the Broca’s area in the brains of men who speak only one language. However, we still don’t know if Krebs was born with a brain ready to learn dozens of languages or if his brain adapted to the demands he put on it.
Although it is still not clear whether the ability to learn many languages is in born, there’s no doubt that just about all of us can acquire skills in a second, third, or even fourth language by putting our mind to it.
小题1:What does the underlined sentence imply?
A.Mezzofanti could remember 360 words a day. |
B.Mezzofanti had a special way to learn languages. |
C.Mezzofanti’s achievement was ridiculous. |
D.Mezzofanti language ability was astonishing. |
A.good memory | B.hard work |
C.unique brain | D.learning methods |
A.had an unusual brain |
B.was born with great talent |
C.had worked hard at languages |
D.expected too much of himself |
A.it is not hard to learn foreign languages |
B.hard work plays a part in language learning |
C.there is no such thing as a talent for languages |
D.hyper-polyglots have an inborn talent for language |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:文章通过举了几个会说好几种语言的人,可以看出有的人是非常勤奋,有的人似乎大脑非同寻常,但归根结底努力是分不开的。
小题1:推理题:从划线的句子:我们可以看出Mezzofant 一分钟学一个单词,一天6小时,学11年,这是an impossible task 可知Mezzofant 的语言学习能力是让人惊讶的。选D
小题2:推理题;文章第四段的句子:believes that outstanding language learners just work harder at it and then they acquire unusually strong language ability.可知语言学习是需要努力的,后面举例这个匈牙利女翻译的例子,可知选B
小题3:细节题:从倒数第二段的句子:the scientist found that the area of Krebs’s brain called Broca’s area, which is associated with language, looked different from the Broca’s area in the brains of men who speak only one language.可知Krebs有着不寻常的大脑。选 A
小题4:推理题:从文章的最后一段的句子:there’s no doubt that just about all of us can acquire skills in a second, third, or even fourth language by putting our mind to it. 可知作者认为学习语言需要勤奋。选B。
点评:文章通过举了几个会说好几种语言的人,可以看出有的人是非常勤奋,有的人似乎大脑非同寻常,但归根结底努力是分不开的。本文要求考生理解文章的主旨,通过题目筛选答案,读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到,因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文,在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据。
核心考点
试题【It is not unusual for people to speak two or three languages; they’re known as b】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“Are you all sick?” I asked _39_.“Yes,” the woman said weakly. But when they got to describe their problems, things got a little _40_. Two of the children had headaches, _41_ they weren’t holding their heads like headache sufferers _42_ do. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to _43_ it.
_44_ was wrong, but I didn’t say anything except that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She _45_ , “Take your time; it’s _46_ in here.”
Then I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No _47_–- they were homeless. The waiting room was warm.
I looked out at the family huddled by the Christmas tree. The smallest one was pointing at the television and exclaiming something to her mother. The oldest one was looking at an ornament on the tree.
I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a _48_ family in the waiting room. The nurses, irritated about having to work on Christmas, suddenly felt _49_ for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into _50_, much as we do when there’s a medical emergency. Only this time it was a Christmas emergency.
We were each entitled to a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day, so we _51_ that meal and prepared a banquet for our Christmas guests. We needed presents. We put together oranges and apples in a basket. From various departments, we _52_candies, crayons and other suitable items. As seriously as we met the physical _53_ of the patients that came to us that day, our team worked to meet the needs, and go beyond the _54_ , of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.
Later, as the family walked to the door to _55_, the four-year-old came running back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”
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In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It is difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people on the planet do not have enough to eat. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of . Hunger kills more people per year than AIDS and malaria(疟疾 ) combined.
The UN calculates that almost two-thirds of the world"s hungry people are in Asia. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a small number of people who don"t have enough to eat. There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods and the overuse of farming land. All of them affect food production. But the most important reason is, quite simple, poverty—which has increased recently due to the economic effects of the financial crisis of 2008.
Although many people point out that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population and there are of course many areas of the world where people generally have more than enough food. Overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger there.
小题1:What"s the main topic of the passage? (no more than 3 words )
小题2:Where do most of the hungry people live? (no more than 3 words)
小题3:Fill in the blank in Para. 1 with proper words. (no more than 5 words )
小题4:What does the underlined word "they"(line 4, paragraph 2 ) probably refer to? (no more than 6 words)
小题5:What is the suggested way to reduce hunger in Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words )
The US Navy said last month that one of its nine nuclearpowered aircraft carriers will be sent to Japan to replace the diesel(柴油)powered carrier Kitty Hawk in 2008. In an agreement on October 30, the two countries also planned to level up their military (军事的) cooperation and the USA called for Japan to take a larger role in alliance (联盟)military moves.
It will be the first time that a nuclearpowered carrier is based in Japan. Bombed by US forces in World War Ⅱ at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan is the only world country to have been attacked by a nuclear weapon. Therefore, the citizens are highly sensitive to where nuclearpowered weapons are based.
“A radiation leak at Yokosuka would kill 100,000 people as far away as Tokyo, and could cause billions of dollars in damage,” said Masahiko Goto, leader of a protest group in Yokosuka. His group has collected more than 300,000 signatures of people across Japan opposed to the nuclear carrier.
The 44yearold Kitty Hawk, the US Navy"s oldest active ship, has been based in Yokosuka since 1998. It had returned to the US to be decommissioned(废弃核武器) in 2008. The new carrier will travel faster, be capable of supporting longer operations and carry with it the Navy"s most modern technology.
Experts pointed that this change is not only to strengthen the USJapan military alliance but also to keep the military power of China and North Korea within limits. However, even Japanese experts don"t believe that the two countries are threats to the region.
“There is no need for Japan to have a nuclear carrier as defense,” said Tetsuo Maeda, an international relations professor at Tokyo International University. He said that the change of ship indicates an increased military capability in the region, much more than what is needed.
小题1:With such a powerful weapon to enter its country, Japanese citizens ________.
A.are aware of its benefits to the country |
B.are anxious about its potential danger |
C.are curious about the advanced technology |
D.are against where the carrier will be based |
A.set up a kind of base in Japan |
B.strengthen the USJapan military alliance |
C.show Japan"s greater military capability |
D.get rid of the dated marine weapon |
A.no other countries except the USA and France possess aircraft carriers |
B.Japan has long planned to increase its military capability with new weapons |
C.Japan will be the first country in Asia to have a nuclear aircraft carrier |
D.Japan will be the third country to produce a nuclearpowered aircraft carrier |
A.he is quite confident of their military defense |
B.he is completely opposed to a new nuclear carrier |
C.what is needed is far more than a nuclear carrier |
D.it is unnecessary to guard against the two countries |
In France
You’ll find that conversations often turn into heated debates. Give opinions only on subjects that you are knowledgeable about. There is rarely a moment of silence, except when the topic under discussion has been exhausted, and nothing new has been introduced.
Food, art, music and current events or history are welcome topics. French believe in freedom, and you can criticize anyone, but not Napoleon, who is a symbol of French spirit and never use the standard. U.S. conversation opener “What do you do”.
In Australia
Australians tend to be enthusiastic debaters. A wide range of topics may be open to discussion, including religion and politics. The best policy, however, is to wait for Australian companions to bring up these two subjects; be prepared to hear their arguments.
Sport is a common topic of conversation in Australia and Australians tend to use sporting comparisons. Australians like to criticize themselves, but they can’t stand criticism from others. Don’t talk big;instead Australians prefer to judge your competence and abilities through your actions. People who show off their education in conversation may be subject to teasing.
In Switzerland
The Swiss may seem cold. Once you get close to them, however, you’ll find that they are honest, responsible people, who will be loyal to your interests.
They are good listeners and will remember practically everything you say to them. Sometimes they will even go so far as to take notes while you speak. The Swiss are a very private people, so you should avoid asking personal questions. They can be rather serious, so it is advisable to avoid making jokes on them.
小题1:Which of the following statements is TURE according to the passage?
A.There is no moment of silence when you talk with French. |
B.French don’t like others asking their careers. |
C.The Swiss may seem cold but humorous sometimes. |
D.Australians tend to judge you by your words. |
A.you should tell the Australians what education you have received. |
B.you should not use too much sporting comparisons with Australians. |
C.you should not ask personal questions from people of the three countries. |
D.you should have the Australians bring up subjects first. |
A.Australians don’t like to show off their success before others. |
B.Australians like to criticize themselves and others. |
C.you can talk with French about anything even if you know little. |
D.you can criticize anyone in France because you have the right. |
A.Talking in western countries |
B.How to argue with foreigners |
C.Things that can’t be talked with foreigners |
D.How to adapt to the life in western countries |
A.How to talk efficiently with foreigners. |
B.Customs of the three countries. |
C.How to choose topics in the western countries. |
D.How to be a good listener. |
The New Year"s Eve blue moon will be visible in the United States, Canada, Europe, South America and Africa. For partygoers in Australia and Asia, the full moon does not show up until New Year"s Day, making January a blue moon month for them.
A full moon occurs every 29.5 days, and most years have 12. On average, an extra full moon in a month - a blue moon - occurs every 2.5 years. The last time there was a lunar double take was in May 2007. New Year"s Eve blue moons are rarer, occurring every 19 years. The last time was in 1990; the next one won"t come again until 2028.
“Blue moons have no astronomical significance,” said Greg Laughlin, an astronomer at the University of California. “`Blue moon" is just a name in the same sense as a `hunter"s moon"(a full moon in octorber) or a `harvest moon,"” Laughlin said in an e-mail.
The popular definition of blue moon came about after a writer for Sky & Telescope magazine in 1946 misinterpreted the Maine Farmer"s Almanac and labeled a blue moon as the second full moon in a month. In fact, the almanac(年历) defined a blue moon as the third full moon in a season with four full moons.
小题1:What’s the color of blue moon?
A.blue | B.golden | C.green | D.red |
A.December, 2009 | B.November, 2009 |
C.January, 2010 | D.February, 2010 |
A.is more beautiful | B.is rarer | C.is larger | D.is brighter |
A.The second full moon in a month with two full moons. |
B.The third full moon in a month with three full moons. |
C.The second full moon in a season with four full moons. |
D.The third full moon in a season with four full moons. |
A.Rare New Year’s Eve Blue Moon to Ring in 2010 |
B.Blue Moon to Take Us Good Fortune |
C.The Best Time to Observe Blue Moon |
D.The Reason for Blue Moon’s Appearing |
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