题目
题型：上海高考真题难度：来源：
can have 1 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some
children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000
say they have been 2 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad 3 of
sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main 4 of too much aggression
ill children"s sports. They believe children 5 aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further
strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because
children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the
message that 6 is everything. Many parents go to children"s sporting events and shout 7 at other players
or cheer when their child behaves 8 . As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is 9 or
are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured 10 , the media makes violence seem exciting.
Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.
As a society, we really need to 11 this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches 12 should
act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better 13 . They should not just cheer
when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to 14 , themselves whether they win or not.
Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to
play when injured, this gives the message that 15 is not as important as winning.
( )1. A. restrictive | B. negative B. glanced B. concept B. cause B. understand B. practising B. orders B. ambitiously B. impolite B. In addition B. face up to B. in all B. means B. relax B. fame | C. active | D. instructive D. shouted D. expectation D. consequence D. neglect D. sport D. insults D. bravely D. accessible D. After all D. come up with D. in advance D. directions D. enjoy D. spirit |
| 1-5: BDABC 6-10: ADCAB 11-15: BACDC | |||
| Reading comprehension. | |||
| A study involving 8, 500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five- year research project into teenagers and money, arc particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts man any before. University tuition fees (学费) are currently capped at ￡3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling. In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average ￡ 31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just ￡ 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ￡ 10.000. Average debts for graduates are ￡ 12,363. Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they arc to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively." Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fair-weather, aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money. | |||
| 1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project? | |||
| A. Students understand personal finances differently. B. University tuition fees in England have been rising. C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings. D. The students" payback ability has become a major issue. | |||
| 2. The phrase "to raise the ceiling" in paragraph 2 probably means "______". | |||
| A. to raise the student loans B. to improve the school facilities C. to increase the upper limit of the tuition D. to lift the school building roofs | |||
| 3. According to Stephen Moir, students ______. | |||
| A. are too young 10 be exposed 10 financial issues B. should learn 10 manage their finances well C. should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance | |||
| 4. What can we learn from the passage? | |||
| A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well. B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts. C. Financial planning is a required course at college. D. Young people should become responsible adults. | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| We experience different forms of the Sun"s energy every day. We can see its light and feel its warmth. The Sun is the major source of evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms (生物) on the Earth. Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth"s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth"s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food. Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth"s surface back to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases. When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected depends on the surface. For example, you"ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark- coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air. | |||
| 1. According to the passage, the root cause for weather changes on the Earth is ______. | |||
| A. the atmosphere surrounding the Earth B. water from oceans and lakes C. energy from the Sun D. greenhouse gases in the sky | |||
| 2. Only a small part of the Sun"s energy reaches the Earth"s surface because most of it ______. | |||
| A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes | |||
| 3. We learn from the passage that ______. | |||
| A. all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food B. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy C. only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth D. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth"s surface | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| More than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple (菠萝). The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves. The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the world"s best-selling pineapple variety, and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple. In nutrition (营养) it was all good news too. This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C (维生素C) than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater. Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep market to itself. But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte"s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out the market. | |||
| 1. We learn from the text that the new type at pineapple is ______. | |||
| A. green outside and sweet inside B. good-looking outside and soft inside C. yellowy-gold outside and hard inside D. a little soft outside and sweet inside | |||
| 2. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well? | |||
| A. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice. B. It was less sweet and good for health. C. It was developed by Del Monte. D. It was used as medicine. | |||
| 3. The underlined word "fixture" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______. | |||
| A. that people enjoy eating B. that is always present C. that is difficult to get D. that people use as a gift | |||
| 4. We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte _______. | |||
| A. slowed other companies to develop pineapples B. succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself C. tried hard to control the pineapple market D. planned to help the other companies | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| You are from a middle-class family, and live in a normal-size home without any showy possessions, but you are worried that he will want to live as they do, and wonder if you should move. Sometimes big pocket money, joyful birthday parties, special playrooms and super-big houses tell you that your neighbors probably have more money than you do, and that they"re not as careful as you are with money, but you may. Find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do, talk with them as freely and read to them every night. Or you may find that some of these parents stay in one wing of their big house while their child plays by himself, way off in a wing of his own. In that unfortunate case, he is basically growing up alone without being looked after properly, but this can happen to a child who lives in a normal-size house, too, if he has a TV, a computer and a few video games in his room. Even the most caring parent doesn"t walk in and out of it to see what show her child is watching, what Internet site he has found and if he"s still playing that video game. Too much uncontrolled screen time may lead to a certain loss of innocence (天真), but mostly this child will lose the sense of unity and satisfaction that comes from being in a family. A neighborhood should also provide you with a sense of unity and satisfaction, and if it doesn"t, you might decide to move. Don"t judge your neighborhood too harshly (严厉地), though. There are some things that are right with almost any neighborhood and some things that are wrong with the best of them-like those super-big houses. The wealth of their owners-and the way they throw money around-may make your son feel sorry for himself, unless you help him understand that you and his dad save some of the money, give some to people who don"t have enough and use the rest to pay for whatever the family needs. Children want-should be provided with-explanations when their parents don"t give them what they want. | |||
| 1. What is the problem with the worried parent in the text? | |||
| A. Her house isn"t as big as her rich neighbors". B. Her son is left alone without anyone in charge. C. She cannot provide her son with a special playroom. D. She worried about the effect of her neighbors on her son. | |||
| 2. In paragraphs 2 and 3, the author seems to agree that parents should _____. | |||
A. spend more time with their children | |||
| 3. By saying "throw money around" (paragraph5), the author means that rich people ______. | |||
| A. spend money carelessly B. save money for their children C. help the poor people willingly D. leave money all round the house | |||
| 4. What is the main idea the author aims to express in the text? | |||
| A. Children are unfortunate to have poor parents. B. Children should enjoy their comfortable life. C. Children need proper guidance from their parents. D. Children feel ashamed of themselves in a rich neighborhood. | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| Grown－ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding? To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting an optical illusion (视觉影像) of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16-to 24- week -old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there. Grown－ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land? Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16－week－old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted (替换) a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week -old babies did not seem to notice the switch (更换). Thus, the 16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of "something permanence," while the 22－week－old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object. | |||
| 1. The passage is mainly about _____. | |||
| A. babies" sense of sight B. effects of experiments on babies C. babies" understanding of objects D. different tests on babies" feelings | |||
| 2. In Paragraph 3," object permanence" means that when out of sight, an object ______. | |||
| A. still exists B. keeps its shape C. still stays solid D. is beyond reach | |||
| 3. What did Bower use in his experiments? | |||
| A. A chair. B. A screen. C. A film. D. A box. | |||
| 4. Which of the following statements is true? | |||
| A. The babies didn"t have a sense of direction. B. The older babies preferred toy trains to balls. C. The younger babies liked looking for missing objects. D. The babies couldn"t tell a ball from its optical illusion. |