题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Once a month, or more exactly, once every 29.5 days, at the time we call “full moon”, its whole disc looks bright. At other times only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the sun, while the part racing away from the sun appears dark. People could make their pictures better if they kept this in mind — only those parts of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are brighter. This shows that the moon gives no light of its own. It only throws back the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky.
Yet the dark part of the moon’s surface is not completely black; usually it is just light enough for us to be able to see its shape, so that we speak of seeing “the old moon in the new moon’s arms”. The light by which we see the old moon does not come from the sun, but from the earth. We know well how the surface of the sea or of snow, or even of a wet road, may throw back uncomfortably much of the sun’s light on to our faces. In the same way the surface of the whole earth throws back enough of the sun’s light on to the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark.
72. Why is the dark part of the moon not completely black?
A. The sun shines on the moon’s surface.
B. The earth throws back sunlight on to the moon.
C. The moon throws back the light from the sun.
D. The moon has light of its own.
73. The underlined word “disc” in the second paragraph refers to _______.
A. a round plate B. a round record
C. the moon that reflects sunlight D. the moon which looks like a round plate
74. By saying “the old moon in the new moon’s arms” , we mean a time when ______.
A. the two moons are closely linked
B. the new moon is at its brightest
C. the moon is partly bright and partly dark
D. the new moon is hugging the old moon
75. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The moon which appears round at its brightest is called full moon.
B. The moon’s diameter is exactly one fourth of that of the earth.
C. The light by which we see the old moon comes from the sun
D. The part of the moon which is not lighted by the sun is completely dark.
答案
解析
73.A 语境词义判断题,可用语境词义推断法来解。认真阅读分析该词所在句可知,disc与full moon关系密切,可见其应指圆盘。
74.C 推理判断题,可用逻辑推断法来解。由第三节首句Yet the dark part of the moon’s surface is not completely black; usually it is just light enough for us to be able to see its shape, so that we speak of seeing “the old moon in the new moon’s arms”.可推出答案。
75.A 细节判断题,可用直接就题找文法来解。认真阅读分析原文可知,A内容符合原文事实,但B、C、D内容不符合原文事实。
核心考点
试题【Except for the sun, the moon looks like the biggest object in the sky. Actually 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Grammar and spelling
Firstly, if you are dealing with a formal e-mail, pay close attention to grammar and spelling. Don’t forget to run your spell-check (program) at the end of the document, but don’t treat it as the final word. Carefully re-read it yourself, as sometimes even spell and grammar checking programs come up with some strange explanations. Remember, your first e-mail to a potential employer or college could be your last — you won’t want to spoil your first impression by making basic errors.
E-mail addresses
Also, for official e-mails, carefully consider your existing e-mail address. A funny e-mail address (such as pinkfluffycutiepie@…com) may be fine for using with your friends, but what impression do you think this address might give to an employer or college admissions officer? Consider using one address for personal e-mails and a different one for formal use.
Upper case(大写字母)
Take care also NOT TO TYPE UNNECESSARILY IN UPPER CASE, as this is the e-mail version of shouting.
Personal information
You should beware too about giving away too much personal information over the Internet. It may feel much more comfortable to “talk” using instant messages as there are no uncomfortable silences or awkward moments, but never forget that—unless the person you are speaking to is a friend or family member—you really know nothing about them, so be careful. Further to this, NEVER agree to meet a stranger that you have spoken to online, as it can be extremely dangerous.
My final message though is—have fun! The Internet is exciting, useful and informative. But, as with so many things that we believe we can’t live without, it is a much better servant than a master.
60.The text is mainly about______.
A.how to express ourselves when using e-mail
B.computers, so much a part of our everyday lives
C.the Internet, a much better servant than a master
D.paying close attention to grammar and spelling when dealing with a formal e-mail
61.What does the underlined word “beware” mean?
A.think B.be careful C.care D.know
62.If you use all capital letters, it looks like you are______.
A.yelling B.careful C.unprofessional D.childish
63.Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
A.As time goes by, many people prefer to use traditional regular mail again.
B.It’s fun to meet a stranger that you have spoken to online.
C.If you want to apply for a job, you can’t use a funny e-mail address when writing e-mails..
D.Grammar and spelling are not important when you write e-mails.
Few people would question the value of taking part in sports for young people.With proper training,supervision,protective equipment and techniques,and an proper emphasis on winning,sports can develop a healthy body and spirit and a life-long interest in being active and fit .Without such measures,childhood sports can lead to injuries and even paralysis or death.
Even in the best conditions,no activity can be risk—free.But most serious hazards are preventable.Cyclists and football players can reduce their risks by wearing helmets;hockey players by wearing masks;basketball and tennis players by wearing eye guards;baseball players by wearing batting helmets.
Besides,risks to individual players can often be found,and thus prevented,through a properly performed medical exam before a child plays.For accidents that may not be preventable,having an emergency plan and first-aid equipment,and someone trained to use the equipment,can be lifesaving.
Still,each year,according to the American College of Sports Medicine,more than 775,000 children under 14 are treated in emergency rooms for sports injuries,nearly half of them preventable.An estimated 300,000 athletes experience exercise—related head illnesses each year,and almost all of them should have been avoided.
Further,from half to three—fourths of sports-related concussions(脑震荡) are never even diagnosed;the injured are often sent back in to play too soon and put at risk of another more serious brain—damaging concussion.To help reduce these risks, the National Center for Sports Safety, with the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, offers a three-hour online safety course for coaches for $28 at www.SportsSafety.org.
1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.All the accidents can be prevented.
B.All the accidents cannot be prevented.
C.Lives can be saved so long as there is proper equipment.
D.Lives cannot be saved even if there is proper equipment.
2.What does the underlined word “hazards”(in paragraph 2)mean?
A.mistakes B.diseases C.dangers D.situations
3.It is implied in the passage that .
A.prevention of injuries is not paid enough attention to
B.children under 14 are more easily hurt in sports
C.most head illnesses are related with exercise
D.none of the head illnesses should have happened
4.What can coaches mainly learn from the online safety course?
A.How to cure brain-damaging concussion.
B.How to diagnose brain-damaging concussion.
C.How to predict the possibility of brain damage.
D.How to deal with the injured properly.
Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates.
Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude(智能)tests, which are designed to assess(评价)thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional test to secure a place.
Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(标准)of ability.
In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional test to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process,” he said. “The potential to achieved three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.”
Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam.
Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests — a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges —to make it easier to pick out the best candidates.
5.What is the attitude of head teachers to the reform?
A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Opposed. D. Neutral(中立的)
6.Which British university first started to use aptitude tests to pick out the best candidates?
A. Harvard. B. Oxford. C. Cambridge. D. Washington D.C.
7.What can we know about the A-level system?
A. It can indicate the brightest candidates.
B. It was designed to assess students’ thinking abilities.
C. It is longer an accurate way to assess students’ abilities.
D. It was recommended by the National Foundation for Educational Research.
8.What can we infer from the passage?
A. The reform is more popular in American colleges than in British ones.
B. The reform will be applied by all universities in the future.
C. Universities used to depend on the A-level system to choose the best students.
D. Passing additional tests will allow the student to enter Oxford, regardless of whether he or she gets As.
9.What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to get into leading universities.
B. The disadvantages of the A-level system.
C. Different ways to identify students’ abilities.
D. Universities using extra exams to choose students.
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191216/20191216045308-68674.png)
Everyone agrees that it’s necessary to reduce carbon emissions (排放物) around the world. There is less agreement over exactly how nations should go about achieving a more carbon - free planet. Thus, the environmental equivalent: cap – and – trade carbon emissions, or place a carbon tax on all users?
With cap – and – trade programs, governments limit the level of carbon produced by an industry. Companies that hold their emissions below the cap can sell their remaining allowance on a carbon market, while companies that go beyond their limit must purchase credits on that market. Carbon taxes are more straightforward: a set tax rate is placed on the consumption of carbon with the idea that raising the price will encourage industries and individuals to consume less. At the moment, cap – and – trade has the upper hand, but doesn’t defeat the tax just yet.
Supporters of the tax argue that a cap – and – trade system would be too difficult to administer – and too easily gamed by industries looking to sidestep emissions caps. Cap – and – trade advocates contradict that like all other flat taxes, a carbon collection would relatively burden lower – income families, who spend a greater percentage of their income on energy than rich households.
So which system will have a larger effect on carbon consumption? A 10% carbon tax might reduce the demand for carbon about 5 % or less, according to an analysis by the Carbon Tax Center, an environmental advocacy group. That may not be enough. Businesses and governments haven’t figured out how the two competing systems can work together, but in the end, the world may need both.
1. The passage focuses on_________.
A. programs of collecting taxes
B. systems of reducing carbon emissions
C. reasons for reducing carbon emissions
D. contradictions between the two systems
2. According to the cap – and – trade program, companies_________ .
A. are forbidden to produce carbon emissions
B. are allocated the same amount of carbon consumption
C. can sell their remaining allowance within their limits
D. can sell the extra amount of carbon at a higher price
3. Carbon taxes work by _________.
A. burdening well – off families
B. encouraging industries to consume carbon
C. raising the price for carbon consumption
D. limiting the carbon consumption of industries only
4. The underlined word “cap” in the second paragraph most likely refers to_________.
A. limit B. credit C. level D. rate
5. We can learn from the passage_________ .
A. carbon taxes are difficult to carry out
B. cap – and – trade plays a greater role at present
C. cap – and – trade will be preferable in the future
D. carbon taxes will be preferable in the future
Learning another language isn"t easy, but most people can learn a second language well if they’re willing to put in the necessary time. Here are some practical suggestions for studying effectively, overcoming anxiety, and learning the grammar and skills necessary for success in foreign language classes.
Study every day
Language learning is cumulative: you cannot put it off until the weekend. Study one or two hours for every class hour if you want a good mark.
Distribute your study time in 15 to 30 minutes period throughout the day
Study a different task each time: vocabulary now, grammar next, etc. Get an overview during the first half hour: spend 10 minutes reviewing dialog, 10 minutes learning new vocabulary, 10 minutes learning new grammar... So you"ll at least have looked at it all. About 80~of your study time should be spent on recitation or practice.
Attend and participate in every class—even if you aren"t well prepared
Class time is your best opportunity to practice, learn the grammar and vocabulary outside of class in order to make full use of the class time. Spend a few minutes "warming up" before each class by speaking or reading the language.
Make yourself comfortable in the classroom
Get to know your classmates, so you"ll feel you’re among friends. Visit your teacher during office hours to get aquainted(熟悉的):explain your goals and fears about the course to your teacher.
Learn grammar if you don"t already know it
Grammar is the skeleton(骨架) and the basic structure of a language, and you must learn it.
Practice for tests by doing what you"ll have to do on the test
If the test will require you to write, then study by writing--including spelling and accents. If you"re asked to listen, practice listening. Ask for practice questions and make up your own test questions. Try to invent changes on patterns and forms. Over learning is also required in tests preparation:study beyond the paints of recognition to mastery.
Develop a good attitude
Have a clear personal reason for taking the class. Set personal goals for what you want to learn. Leave perfectionism at the door; give yourself permission to make mistakes and learn from them.
16. What does the underlined word "cumulative" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. process of gaining knowledge or skill by doing and seeing things
B. having to do with comparison
C. having ability to do what is needed
D. increasing in amount by one addition after another
17. A good learner is one who ________ according to the passage.
A. never permits himself to make mistakes
B. can learn something from the mistakes he makes
C. follows the goals that other persons set for themselves
D. can get to know his classmates and doesn"t take his teachers" advice
18. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Tips on studying a foreign language.
B. Advice on how to learn grammar.
C. Suggestions for studying vocabulary effectively.
D. How to make yourself comfortable in the classroom.
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