United States and Canada are multicultural countries with many national, religious and cultural differences, where people attach great importance to individualism—the uniqueness among people. Teachers value the qualities that make each student special and different. You can see such values through their educational systems. For example, students needn’t memorize lots of information. Instead, they work independently and find answers on their own. There are discussions for children to show their own ideas and opinions.
By contrast, people have the same language, history, and culture in most Asian societies. As a result, Asia’s educational system reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea learn to work together and help one another in assignments. And the teaching methods are often very formal and serious. In class, teachers give lectures while students listen and take notes. Discussion is replaced by reciting rules of information that have been memorized.
These two systems both have advantages and disadvantages. One advantage in Japan is that there is much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. In addition, students study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The difficult system also prepares students for a society that place emphasis on discipline and self-control. However, while memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students admit forgetting much of the information that they have memorized after exams.
On the other hand, the educational system in North American has an advantage that students learn to think for themselves, which prepares them for a society that values creativity. The disadvantage is that when they graduate from high school, they haven’t recited as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
小题1:People in multicultural countries such as the US or Canada lay more stress on __________.| A．team work | B．self-control | C．discipline | D．individualism |
小题2:What is the advantage of the educational system in North America？| A．There is not much discussion. | | B．Learning to think for themselves | | C．Learning much less math and science | | D．They haven’t memorized basic rules and facts. |
小题3:Which words is most suitable to describe the author"s attitude in writing this passage?| A．Supportive | B．Opposite | C．Objective | D．Subjective |
小题4:The main idea of this passage is___________.| A．cultural differences in countries such as the United States or Canada | | B．comparisons of educational system between North America and Asia | | C．there are more advantages of Asian education system of than that of North American | | D．there are more disadvantages of Asian education system than that of North American |
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小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:B |
文章比较了北美和亚洲两种教育系统的差别
小题1:细节题。根据第一段2,3行where people attach great importance to individualism可知D正确。
小题2:细节题。根据最后一段1,2行the educational system in North American has an advantage that students learn to think for themselves,可知B是优点。
小题3:作者只是客观的论述了两种教育系统的差别，没有表达自己主观的意见。故D正确。
小题4:主旨大意题。文章比较了北美和亚洲两种教育系统的差别。 |
核心考点
试题【United States and Canada are multicultural countries with many national, religio】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
The teacher thought hobbies were very important for every child. She 36 all her pupils to have one, and sometimes 37 for their parents to come and see the work they had done as a result.
One Friday 38 the teacher told the class that those who had a hobby could have a 39 that afternoon to get the things they had made as parts of their hobbies ready for their 40 to see the following afternoon.
So in the afternoon, while those of the pupils who had nothing to 41 did their usual lessons, the lucky ones who had made something 42 to go home, on condition that they 43 before five o"clock to bring what they were going to show and to arrange it.
When the afternoon lesson began, the teacher was 44 to see Tommy was not there. He was the 45 boy in the class, and the teacher found it 46 to believe he had a hobby. However, at 4:45, Tommy arrived with a(n) 47 collection of butterflies in glass cases. After his 48 had admired them and helped him to arrange them on a table in the classroom, she was surprised to see Tommy 49 them up again and begin to leave.
"What are you doing, Tommy?" she asked. "Those things must 50 here until tomorrow afternoon. That"s when the parents are coming to see them."
"I know 51 ," answered Tommy, "and I will bring them back tomorrow; but my 52 doesn"t want them to be out of our house at night in case they are 53 ."
"But what has it got to do with your brother?" asked the teacher. "Aren"t the butterflies yours?"
"No," answered Tommy. "They belong to him."
"But Tommy, you are 54 to show your own hobby here, not somebody else"s!" said the teacher.
"I know that," answered Tommy. "My hobby is 55 my brother collecting butterflies."
| 小题1: | | A．stopped | B．ordered | C．encouraged | D．agreed |
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| 小题2: | | A．arranged | B．asked | C．looked | D．waited |
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| 小题3: | | A．afternoon | B．evening | C．night | D．morning |
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| 小题4: | | A．test | B．lesson | C．competition | D．holiday |
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| 小题5: | | A．teachers | B．parents | C．friends | D．classmates |
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| 小题7: | | A．had | B．used | C．were made | D．were allowed |
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| 小题8: | | A．turned out | B．returned | C．left | D．finished |
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| 小题9: | | A．sad | B．happy | C．frightened | D．surprised |
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| 小题10: | | A．laziest | B．most curious | C．cleverest | D．youngest |
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| 小题11: | | A．difficult | B．easy | C．reliable | D．disable |
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| 小题12: | | A．ugly | B．small | C．beautiful | D．obvious |
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| 小题13: | | A．classmates | B．brother | C．father | D．teacher |
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| 小题14: | | A．throw | B．pick | C．switch | D．use |
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| 小题15: | | A．remain | B．leave | C．observe | D．undertake |
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| 小题17: | | A．sister | B．friend | C．brother | D．mother |
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| 小题18: | | A．stolen | B．shown | C．completed | D．matched |
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| 小题19: | | A．fired | B．supposed | C．related | D．ignored |
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| 小题20: | | A．helping | B．concerning | C．watching | D．Seeking |
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From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. And so far, we have achieved many successes. But there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not stop trying to progress.
The international space station (ISS) is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time. It is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. It could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and Mars. In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.
As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone，and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together. Though it is still extremely expensive, it is much cheaper than doing it alone. It is really a job that needs everyone’s effort and will benefit everyone.
Led by the U.S. and Russia, the ISS is a joint project between six space agencies involving 16 countries. Called the greatest achievement in human cooperation, the ISS has come to the end of a ten-year’s hard work in construction. China has applied for participation in (taking part in) the project many times. Unfortunately all the applications were rejected, which drove China onto the path of independent development. As the Long March Ⅱ-F/T1 carrier rocket blasted off (leave the ground) and successfully carried the Tiangong-1 into space on September 29, 2011, China takes a big step toward its Space Station Era.
Some West media suggested that the successful launch of Tiangong-1 would disturb the balance of global space power, raising concerns (关注) about “China threat”. China’s space project is not designed for military (军事的) purpose but for developing space technology to explore space resources and make use of them for mankind’s well-being.
小题1:From Paragraph 2 we learn that ________.| A．the necessity of building the international space station is not realized now | | B．many experiments have been done in the international space station | | C．the international space station is necessary for people to explore space more | | D．people have traveled to Mars from the international space station |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries’ cooperation in building the international space station?| A．That it requires a lot of money. | | B．That it needs everyone’s effort. | | C．That it will benefit every participating country. | | D．That it is too far away from the earth. |
小题3:The underlined word “aggregated” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．| A．united | B．scolded | C．allowed | D．forbade |
小题4:China wants to build its space station in order to __________.| A．break the balance of global space power | | B．show that China can build space station alone | | C．raise international concerns about “China threat” | | D．make use of space peacefully for mankind’s well-being |
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Researchers at the University of Bedforshire have developed a new technique for powering electronic device（装置）. The system, developed by Professor Ben Allen at the Centre for Wireless Research, uses radio（无线电） waves as power.
Believed to be a world first, the team claims it could eventually eliminate (or get rid of )the need for conventional batteries. The university has now filed a patent application to secure the only rights to the technique.
Professor Allen and his team have created a system to use medium wave frequencies to replace batteries in small everyday devices like clocks and remote controls.
The new technique uses the “waste” energy of radio waves and has been developed as part of the university’s research into “power harvesting”. Professor Allen said that as radio waves have energy―like light waves, sound waves or wind waves―then, in theory, these waves could be used to create power.
“The emerging（新兴的）area of power harvesting technology promises to reduce our reliance on conventional batteries,” he said. “It’s really exciting way of taking power from sources other than what we would normally think of.”
The team is now waiting for the results of the patent application to secure recognition of the technique. Professor Allen said that the team’s achievements had all been done in their “spare time”. “Our next stage is to try and raise some real funds so that we can take this work forward and make a working prototype（模型）and maybe partner up with the right people and take this to a full product in due course,” he said.
“Power harvesting has a really important part in our future, because, just in this country, we dispose of somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000 tonnes of batteries in landfill（垃圾填理）sites every single year－that is toxic chemicals going into the ground.”
He added that development of the product could also be “commercially beneficial”. “The market for this is several billion pounds. We’ve seen market predictions for 2020 which have these kinds of figures, so there’s a lot of commercial potential in this area,” he said.
Pro-Vice Chancellor at the University of Bedfordshire, Professor Carsten Maple, said, “This type of work is a reflection of the university’s growing reputation and experience in conducting innovative（创新的）research.”
小题1:From the text we know the new technique for powering electronic devices_____.| A．can be applied to all electronic devices. | | B．uses radio waves to create power. | | C．has replaced conventional batteries. | | D．produces many toxic chemicals. |
小题2:According to Professor Allen, power harvesting technology______.| A．makes every use of radio waves. | | B．takes power from usual sources. | | C．reduces our dependency on conventional batteries. | | D．aims at huge commercial benefits. |
小题3:What can we learn about Professor Allen and his team from the text?| A．They have made use of radio waves in their daily life. | | B．They have raised a big fund to support their research. | | C．They have gained a patent for their new technology. | | D．They mainly did their research in their spare time. |
小题4:What is Professor Carsten Maple’s attitude toward the new technique?| A．Critical. | B．Favorable. | C．Conservative. | D．Negative. |
小题5:What is the text mainly about?| A．A new technique to create power. | | B．A crisis concerning conventional batteries. | | C．Some special sources of power. | | D．The development of power harvesting. |
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Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children"s school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated (国家指定的) state test.
Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some reasonable methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First, one looks at a commercially available test. Then, one distills (提取) the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.
The ability to read or write or calculate might infer the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of the basics of skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test-centered rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.
Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are capable of taking tests and filling in workbooks. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can"t see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have" no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.
小题1:As is indicated in the second paragraph, the author finds it strange that __.| A．tests are used to assess students" skills | | B．skills are determined before tests are set | | C．teaching is aimed to prepare students for tests | | D．teachers use some reasonable methods of assessment |
小题2:The crisis of comprehension most probably results from __.| A．students" poor phonic and grammar skills | | B．teaching that takes up much of students" free time | | C．teaching that emphasizes details rather than the whole | | D．students" lack of ability to think about what they read |
小题3:According to the author, we can infer that __.| A．the basics of skills have been discussed too much | | B．the nature and quality of what is taught are fully concerned | | C．skills in general are not only useless but often mislead students | | D．doing well in a test does not necessarily mean acquiring the skill |
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After years of hearing drivers complain about scratches on their cars, Japan"s Nissan Motor Company has officially announced the next big thing---a paint that not only resists scratches and scrapes, but actually repairs itself within a few days.
The new material, developed by Nippon Paint Company, contains an elastic rubbery-like resin(弹性树脂) that is able to heal minor marks caused by car wash equipment, parking lot encounters, road debris (石头碎片) or even on-purpose destruction. The automaker admits its results vary depending on the temperature and the depth of the damage, but adds this is the only paint like it in the world, and tests prove it works. Minor scratches, the most common type, are said to slowly fade over about a week. And once they"re gone, there is no trace that they were ever there. The special paint is said to last for at least three years after it is first applied, but there is no word yet on whether more can be added after that period.
Nissan claims car washes are the worst offenders for this type of damage, accounting for at least 80 percent of all incidents. But the complete auto-healing won"t come without scratching your wallet. The vehicle maker notes the special paint adds about $ 100 U.S. to the price of a car. It plans to use its new chemical mixture only on its X - Trail SUVs in Japan for now, as it looks for a more widespread presentation. And while plans to offer the feature overseas haven"t been made yet, if it"s a hit there, you can be almost sure market forces will drive it to these shores, as well.
小题1:From the article, we can find that_______.| A．the paint has already been used on cars by now | | B．it beats other products of its kind in its lengthy effect | | C．car damage is mainly caused by scratches and scrapes | | D．marketing this paint in Europe is not under way |
小题2:The paint used on cars can______.| A．last 3 years before it is re-applied again | | B．fade only in a few days | | C．help to protect cars from minor paint damage | | D．reduce car scrape incidents to 20 percent |
小题3:What can be inferred from the article?| A．The paint was developed by Nissan Motor Company. | | B．The paint might work better in summer than in winter. | | C．The mark on the car could disappear as soon as the paint is applied. | | D．The paint is very popular in Japan. |
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