题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
A.Structure of a hurricane
B.Preparing for a Hurricane
C. How Hurricanes Move
D. How Hurricanes start
E. Hurricane Names
F. Hurricane Damage
Hurricanes
Hurricanes are gigantic tropical storms that can be hundreds of kilometers wide. They bring along very strong winds and a lot of rainfall. They often cause flooding near the coasts and sea levels rise.
1. __________________________
Hurricanes are born over tropical oceans, usually during late summer and early autumn. They need two things to get them started: heat and moist air. During the summer the ocean surface heats up and warm moist air starts to rise. Cool air sinks down to replace it. This creates an area of low pressure. The rotation of the earth creates winds around the center of such a low-pressure area. In the northern hemisphere the air moves counter clockwise, in the southern part clockwise. Such a system is called a cyclone. When warm air rises, it cools and creates clouds. Soon, thunderstorms form and it starts to rain.
All hurricanes begin as cyclones but not all cyclones become storms or hurricanes. Some die out a few days after they start. They don’t have enough energy to become a hurricane. When winds are stronger than 119 km an hour a storm officially becomes a hurricane.
2. __________________________
The center of a hurricane is called the eye, a calm area with little rainfall. It is about 30 to 50 km wide. Inside the eye the sea can rise up to one meter because the air moves up. The eye wall is around the eye. This is an area of thunderstorms, rain and the strongest winds—up to 300 km an hour. Then come long bands of rain clouds that are curved towards the center of the hurricane.
3. __________________________
In the northern hemisphere hurricanes normally move in a westward direction and then they turn north and northeast. Their path takes them away from the warm tropical water of the equator. When hurricanes move over colder water or over land they lose a lot of their energy. They slow down and as time goes on, they disappear. In the southern hemisphere their path leads them to the south and southeast.
4. __________________________
When a tropical storm forms over the Caribbean Sea it gets a name. Every year the first storm of the season is given a name that starts with the letter A, the second storm gets a name starting with B and so on. Years ago only women’ s names were used for tropical storms. Today male and female names alternate –for example, the first storm is named Alexandra, the second one Billy, then Catherine etc. Each year new names are used so that you can connect a storm to a certain year.
5. __________________________
Hurricanes are causing more and more damage throughout the Gulf Region, mainly because the population is constantly growing. Many things can be done to protect yourself and your property during a hurricane: Keep emergency supplies of food and water; keep a battery-powered radio ready in case the power goes out. Listen to the instructions you get; keep the gas tank of your car full, in case you have to leave quickly; protect your house by nailing plywood over the windows and doors. Tie down loose objects; find out which roads are best to take you away from the storm; leave your house as soon as you are ordered to evacuate, etc.
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:E
小题5:B
解析
试题分析:本文讲述了飓风的形成过程,命名原则以及飓风的结构和人们应对飓风的准备工作。
小题1:D 根据本部分Hurricanes are born over tropical oceans, usually during late summer and early autumn.这两段内容讲述的是飓风是如何形成的,形成的条件和过程,故D正确。
小题2:A 根据The center of a hurricane 和Inside the eye 以及This is an area of thunderstorms都说明该部分是关于飓风的结构。故A项正确。
小题3:C 根据本部分第一句In the northern hemisphere hurricanes normally move in a westward direction and then they turn north and northeast.说明本段是关于飓风的移动的路线和方向,故C正确。
小题4:E 根据本段第一句When a tropical storm forms over the Caribbean Sea it gets a name.说明本部分是飓风命名的原则,故E项正确。
小题5:B 根据本部分2,3行Many things can be done to protect yourself and your property during a hurricane说明本部分是关于对飓风的准备工作,如何避免在飓风中蒙受损失。
点评:本文讲述了飓风的形成过程,命名原则以及飓风的结构和人们应对飓风的准备工作。要敏锐地抓住每一段的主题句,通常是第一句或者最后一句,来判断每一段的中心思想然后进行匹配。
核心考点
试题【下面文章中有5处(第61-65题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题,选项中有一项是多余选项。A.Structur】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
● Never respond to messages or bulletin board items that are: Suggestive / Obscene / Belligerent / Threatening / Make You Feel Uncomfortable.
● Be careful when someone offers you something for nothing, such as gifts and money. Be very careful about any offers that involve your coming to a meeting or having someone visit your house.
● Tell your parents or guardian right away if you come across any information that makes you feel uncomfortable.
● Never arrange a face-to-face meeting without telling your parents or guardian. If your parents or guardian agree to the meeting, make sure that you meet in a public place and have a parent or guardian with you.
● Remember that people online may not be who they seem. Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent him or herself. Thus, someone indicating that“she”is a“12-year-old-girl”could in reality be an older man.
● Be sure that you are dealing with someone that you and your parents know and trust before giving out any personal information about yourself via E-mail.
● Get to know your“online friends”just as you get to know all of your other friends.
小题1:We can infer from the passage that .
A.it is not safe to surf the internet |
B.people now are no longer honest |
C.we can chat with unfamiliar people online |
D.people online are not who they are |
A.People online never tell their friends their real names. |
B.You can often get something free from the internet. |
C.Your friends online may want to meet you. |
D.Online friends are not friends at all. |
A.How to surf the internet. |
B.Kids shouldn’t surf the internet. |
C.How to choose online friends. |
D.How to protect yourselves online. |
To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river. This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land. A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water. Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places. Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times; more crops will be grown, there will be more food for everyone, and there will be no more floods.
Dams have been built for centuries in different parts of the world. Modern dame are usually built of concrete(混凝土)but earth dams were used in India and Sri Lanka about 2500 years ago. There was another across the River Tigris very long ago, and large numbers of irrigation canals were made in Iraq to irrigate the land. The Romans were great dam-builders and there was also a famous dam at Ma’ rubin Arabia.
We cannot use sea water for irrigation; the salt will not allow the crops to grow. Fresh water is always needed, and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water. This is done in a few countries, but the fresh water is for drinking. There is not enough at present for irrigation. Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea.
小题1:The first paragraph mainly talks about .
A.the problems caused by river water |
B.the necessity to irrigate the field |
C.the water shortage in some countries |
D.the canals carrying water to fields |
A.to cover the houses and fields |
B.for people to have the right amount of water at all times |
C.to grow crops better |
D.to form a large lake |
A.a dam will be built across the river |
B.a dam will store water for dry seasons |
C.in wet seasons a dam will prevent the flooding of the land |
D.houses and fields will be covered will water |
A.modern dams are made of concrete |
B.Romans once built many great dams |
C.there was too much water in 1rap in the past |
D.modern dams are better than early dams |
The bones of great metal ships, unlike the wooden vessels of old, survive the destruction of the sea long enough to become home and harbor for underwater life of all kinds. Shipwrecks(残骸) often provide the only hard surface and structure at the sandy bottom of the sea, something many sea creatures need.
The ship has been underwater for only five days. Its surface is still clean. Six weeks later, the wreck is covered with a slimy layer of algae(海藻), but it is still recognizable as a ship. Soon, animals that need to attach themselves to a hard surface, like the feather duster worms, make the wreck their home.
In warm waters, coral polyps(珊瑚虫) settle on the wreck and begin the process of building a rock-like crust on the ship. Small fish are attracted on all of these creatures. Larger fish come to feed on these small fish that hide in the wreckage. Eventually, the largest animals are attracted to the rich life on the shipwreck.
Shipwrecks give us valuable information about how sea plants and animals develop. We know exactly how long this wreck has been under water and how long sea life has been growing on it. Yet even the strongest steel shipwreck will finally be destroyed by the flows of water. But long after this wreck has been broken apart, it will still act as a reef (礁石). Layer upon layer of sea life has formed a structure that is now more natural than artificial, and will remain an island of life under the sea.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT TRUE about shipwrecks?
A.Most ships in ancient times sank easily and become shipwrecks. |
B.Shipwrecks, for scientists, are worth researching to get valuable information. |
C.The skeletons of old wooden shipwrecks will exist for quite a long time. |
D.Some sea animals tend to seek food on the shipwrecks. |
A.the differences between the ancient vessels and the modern ones |
B.how the ships become shipwrecks at sea |
C.how coral polyps live on the wreck in warm waters |
D.the value of studying shipwrecks at the bottom of the sea |
A.a hard outer covering | B.the skin of a rock |
C.a hole in a ship | D.a small house |
A.They will be pulled out of the sea for research. |
B.They are likely to disappear and form reefs. |
C.They will become an island under the sea. |
D.They will be like works of art. |
I was nurse on duty that day. I didn’t think there would be any patients, sighing about having to work on Christmas. Just then five bodies showed up at my desk, a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick?” I asked suspiciously.
“Yes,” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems, things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches, but the headaches weren’t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong, but I didn’t say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded, “Take your time; it’s warm here.”
On a hunch (出于直觉), I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No address---they were homeless. The waiting room was warm.
I looked out at the family huddled by the Christmas tree. The little one was pointing at the television and exclaiming something to her mother. The oldest one was looking at an ornament on the Christmas tree.
I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses, grumbling about working Christmas, turned to compassion for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into action, much as we do when there’s a medical emergency. But this one was a Christmas emergency.
We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day, so we claimed that meal and prepared a banquet for our Christmas guests. We needed presents. We put together oranges and apples in a basket. We collected from different departments candies, crayons and other things available that could be presents. As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients that came to us that day, our team worked to meet the needs, and exceed the expectations, of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.
Later, as the family walked to the door to leave, the four year old came running back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”
小题1:Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A.Working Christmas Day | B.Christmas Day is Coming |
C.A Happy Family | D.A Pale Woman and Four Small Children |
A.Hardworking and outgoing | B.Serious and careful |
C.Hardworking and warmhearted | D.Serious and stubborn |
A.Something was wrong with one of the children’s heads. |
B.The pale woman forgot to write the address. |
C.The author did not understand the truth. |
D.The children’s mother told a lie. |
A.The author didn’t think there would be any patients on Christmas Day |
B.The woman was uncomfortable when she lowered her head |
C.The family appeared in the emergency room on Christmas Eve |
D.The woman and four small children were satisfied and grateful |
Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive(强迫性的)behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessive behavior has affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.
They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation. They spend all free time surfing and don’t concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at schools. Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life.
They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends. The relation with their friends changes. The virtual(虚拟的)life becomes more important than their real life. They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society.
Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate(孤立 themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life. Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life. It is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect the whole world.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is about _______.
A.the cause of weboholism | B.the advantage of weboholism |
C.the popularity of weboholism | D.the influence of weboholism |
A.attractive | B.addictive | C.professional | D.potential |
A.weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers. |
B.students can hardly balance real and virtual life. |
C.people are addicted to games on the Internet. |
D.virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway. |
A.It contributes to the development of the web. |
B.The chat room language may change social culture. |
C.The problem will be getting more and more serious later. |
D.People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life. |
A.optimistic | B.positive | C.oppositive | D.acceptable |
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