题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
“It is only under an absolute emissions cap that carbon emission permits will become a scarce resource and possess the qualities of a commodity,” the State Council‟s Development and Research Center said in a paper in Seeking Truth, a magazine published by the ruling party.
China has traditionally baulked(犹豫) at the idea of emissions caps either on a regional basis or for industrial sectors, invoking a key Kyoto protocol principle that puts most of the burden of cutting green-house gases on developed countries.
China, the world ‘s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, has also been under external pressure to make stronger commitments in the battle against global warming .The country has been the biggest beneficiary(受益人) of the Clean Development Mechanism, a UN-backed scheme that allows industrialized countries to meet their CO2 reduction targets by purchasing certified emission reductions or CERs from low-carbon projects launched in developing nations.
However, the European Union, the biggest buyer of CERs, has said it will not accept CERs generated by Chinese projects once the first phase of its Emissions Trading Scheme ends in 2012, though projects already registered will remain valid.
小题1: What does China hope to do in the next five years?
| A．to cut its emissions by 45% |
| B．to set up a carbon market |
| C．to have lower emissions than other countries |
| D．to increase both emissions and production |
| A．they care about the environment |
| B．emissions harm people’s health |
| C．of pressure from other countries |
| D．they want more profit for their factories |
| A．Countries can buy the right to produce as much carbon emissions as they like. |
| B．All countries are required to set a carbon emissions cap and can then get certificates on how developed their environmental programme is. |
| C．Developed countries are allowed to produce more emissions than industrial countries. |
| D．Developed countries can buy the right to produce more carbon emissions from developing countries that produce less. |
| A．Air pollution is still increasing the problem of climate change all over the world. |
| B．China is still resisting cutting emissions as it is necessary for the manufacturing industry. |
| C．China believes that it is free from meeting international standards on emissions. |
| D．China will need to cut its emissions in the near future in order to keep up with the international community |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：文章主要介绍了中国作为一个发展中国家以及全球最大的二氧化碳排放国，在全球变暖的背景下面临的严峻问题。
小题1:细节题。根据if it is to fulfill its aim to set up a carbon market over the next five years，可知中国期待五年内建立碳市场，所以选B
小题2:细节题。根据第四段China, the world ‘s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, has also been under external pressure to make stronger commitments in the battle against global warming，可知中国决定采取措施降低碳排放是由于外界压力，所以选C
小题3:细节题。根据第四段的allows industrialized countries to meet their CO2 reduction targets by purchasing certified emission reductions or CERs from low-carbon projects，可知CER指的是碳排放的购买，所以选D
小题4:主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容，中国在不久的将来就要严格制定减轻碳排放的计划，以适应国际需求。所以选D
核心考点
试题【China needs to set absolute restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions(释放) if it i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Pan Shiyi, a celebrity, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People"s Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents (应答者) , welcomed his proposal.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（雾霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide enough protection, so some people have turned to gas masks.
The causes of the frightening smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame too much emissions (排放) and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is enough wind to clear it away. Some critics blamed China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, some Beijingers have moved their brainstorming discussion to computers. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter limit to industrial and engine gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
小题1:Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?
| A．To know the public’s opinions on pollution |
| B．To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather |
| C．To call on people to support his proposal |
| D．To collect supporting evidence for his proposal |
| A．People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather. |
| B．Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses. |
| C．Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases. |
| D．Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather. |
| A．suggest Beijing should learn from other countries |
| B．let people know many places have this problem |
| C．tell people the situation in Britain is worse |
| D．call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act |
| A．The Use of Gas masks and Engines |
| B．Beijingers Call for Clean Air Act |
| C．Effective Protection for Blue Sky |
| D．The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog |
It goes like this: You can"t take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We"d take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the train, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn"t like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Mom"s friend was waiting to give us a ride home—our first car ride of the day.
The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence—the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.
Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just lightrail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox—and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.
On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestrut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, where"s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?
I"m writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didn"t try on our Transportation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me.
小题1: According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?
| A．Building confidence in herself. |
| B．Reducing her use of private cars. |
| C．Developing her sense of direction. |
| D．Giving her knowledge about vehicles. |
| A．displayed | B．justified | C．ignored | D．ruined |
| A．Airplane. | B．Subway. | C．Train. | D．Car. |
There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.
Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.
If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!
小题1:A good title for this passage is ____.
| A．Sleep | B．Dreams | C．Good Health | D．Work and Rest |
| A．sick | B．asleep | C．stand up | D．a little sleepy |
| A．dream more often | B．have poor health | C．nervous | D．breathe quickly |
| A．your eyes move quickly | B．you dream | C．you are restless | D．both A and B |
| A．approximately six hours | B．around ten hours |
| C．about eight hours | D．not described here |
小题1:What led to the argument in Italian middle schools？______
| A．Students" craze for fashions. | B．Clothes that are too exposing. |
| C．Students" ignoring dress codes.（规则） | D．Students" underwear. |
| A．Fashion should be taken seriously. |
| B．Fashion should not be followed in school. |
| C．Students should have their freedom in choosing what they wear. |
| D．Students should be encouraged to have good taste in clothes. |
| A．dress in Italian schools is too casual |
| B．fashion should not be followed in school |
| C．schools should pay attention to things more important than students" clothes |
| D．low-rise jeans can do harm to youngster"s health |
| A．show Chinese students that wearing very fashionable clothes in school is under attack in other countries, too. |
| B．show that dress code is necessary even in a country like Italy |
| C．let us see that Italian students react differently to schools" requests. |
| D．tell us that a debate started in Italian middle schools over the way students dress in School |
After putting their ducks in a row and videotaping them, some researchers found ducks on the end of each row spent more time asleep with one eye open, apparently looking for predators.
“The more the ducks felt threatened, the more they slept with one eye open,” said lead author Niels C. Rattenborg, a graduate student at Indiana State University, Terre Haute. “The unique aspect is not that they do it, but that they control it. When they sleep at the edge of a group, they tend to realize greater danger, so they spend more time sleeping with one half of their brain.” Ducks with one eye open were still awake enough to detect predators, said the authors of the study, which appears today in the journal Nature.
The researchers studied four groups of four ducks held in plastic boxes, which were arranged in a row. Ducks on the end were found to sleep with one eye open 31.8 per cent of the time, compared to 12.4 percent of the time for ducks in the central position.
Also, ducks in the central position did not open one eye more than the others, while ducks on each end kept the eye facing away from the group open 86.2 per cent of the time. Brain wave readings of the ducks showed that the half of the brain receiving signals from the closed eye indicated that half of the brain was sleeping. Signals from the half of the brain receiving signals from the open eye showed a state between fully awake and asleep.
小题1:The under lined word “predator” is most likely to mean .
| A．an animal that is likely to be friends with ducks |
| B．a human being who looks after and feeds ducks |
| C．a scientist who does research work on animals |
| D．an animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals |
| A．they are looking for food |
| B．they are watching out for danger |
| C．they want to enjoy the scenery |
| D．they are unique in their sleeping habit |
| A．Ducks with one eye open at the edge can still enjoy a certain degree of sleep. |
| B．Ducks with less sense of duty usually choose to stay in the center of a row. |
| C．Ducks on the northern end of a row would keep their eye facing the south open. |
| D．A video tape recorder was the only electronic device used in the experiment. |
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