题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The study, conducted by neuroscientists (神经学家)and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. “This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study. In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.
They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”, the frequencies higher than humans can hear, over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries, the males called out twice as often, they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females. The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast, males became less “talkative”.
The researchers then tested samples from ten children, aged between three and five, which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males, in a brain area key to language in humans.
“Based on our observations, we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girls and higher levels of Foxp2 in male rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more communicative sex,” said Prof McCarthy. “Our results imply Foxp2 as a component of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals. “
小题1:From the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A.women always speak more words than men |
B.men and male rats have low levels of language protein |
C.women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2 |
D.McCarthy isn’t the first to find females more talkative |
A.paid attention to | B.related to | C.put pressure on | D.counted on |
A.test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans |
B.prove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are different |
C.determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats |
D.discover the association between Foxp2 protein and vocal communication |
A.Tests on humans and rats |
B.Why women are the talkative sex |
C.Sex differences in Foxp2 protein |
D.Foxp2 protein determines oral ability |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:本文研究了蛋白质和人类的谈话能力的关系,结果发现女性比男性更为健谈。
小题1:D 推理题。根据文章第二段Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. “This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study可知这并是第一个研究女性更为健谈的人。故D正确。
小题2:A 猜词题。根据本句But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first.可知当小老鼠回到母亲的笼子的时候,母亲先关注她的儿子们。所以“fussed over”是“注意”的意思,故A正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章第三段4,5行Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females.可知这个研究关注的是研究Foxp2蛋白质和人的语言能力的关系。故D正确。
小题4:B 标题确定题。根据文章主题段第一段American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special “language protein(蛋白质)” in the brain.可知本文研究的是为什么女性更加健谈。故B正确。
核心考点
试题【American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a speci】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
I miss one teacher in particular that I had in high school. I think she was a good teacher because she was a very strict person. I remember very vividly (清晰地) a sign over her classroom door. It was a simple sign that said, “Laboratory—in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized (强调), not the last seven.” In other words, I guess, labor for her was more important than oratory, which means making speeches.
She prepared her work very carefully and demanded us to do the same. We got lots of homework from her. Once she had broken her arm, and everybody in the class thought that maybe the homework load would be reduced, but it continued just the same. She checked our work by stamping her name at the bottom of the papers to show that she had read them.
I think sometimes teachers who demand the most are liked the least. But as time goes by, this discipline really seems to benefit (有益于) the students.
小题1:Which of the following is considered a good teacher by the writer?
A.A patient teacher. | B.An honest teacher. |
C.A strict teacher. | D.A hard-working teacher. |
A.to remind the students that this room was a laboratory |
B.to advise the students to follow the disciplines |
C.to warn the students not to be careless |
D.to tell the students to work hard in the classroom |
A.gave her students the usual amount of homework |
B.gave her students less homework |
C.asked her students to check the homework themselves |
D.gave her students more homework |
A.It makes the students dislike their teachers. |
B.It does good to the students in the long run. |
C.It’s too much for young children. |
D.It does more harm than good to the students. |
Hu told reporters on Saturday that the "Dawning 6000" supercomputer, developed by the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS and the Dawning Information Industry Company (DIIC), will adopt Loongson microchips for the first time as its core parts. It will have a computing speed of more than 1,000 trillion operations a second.
Making supercomputers with Chinese microchips is one of the nation"s major science and technology projects. Three organizations - the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS, Jiangnan Institute of Computing Technology and the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) - have their own supercomputer projects.
According to their schedules, all three institutions will need to meet the target of using domestically(国内的) developed microchips by the end of this year. Hu said the new supercomputer will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips, and will also be more energy-efficient.
Tianhe-1A, developed by NUDT in Hunan"s provincial capital Changsha, is the fastest supercomputer in the world. However, Tianhe-1A largely runs on 14,336 CPUs made by Intel, and 7,186 GPUs (processing units) from Nvidia, two US chip-makers.
Hu said there will be difficulties ahead as there is little affiliated equipment specially developed for these supercomputers. "We have enough supercomputers in China but still can"t make full use of them," He said.
Hu added that although the China-made CPUs have improved since they were first produced in 2002, they have a long way to go to compete with US chip-makers such as Intel.
小题1:What’s the best title for this passage?
A.The Arrival of Chinese Supercomputers |
B.Homemade CPUs with a Long Way to Go |
C.The Supercomputers of Three Organizations in China |
D.Homemade CPUs on the Way for Local Supercomputers |
A.Dawning 6000 | B.Loongson microchips |
C.DIIC | D.Tianhe-1A |
A. Not all the parts of Tianhe-1A are made by China.
B. Tianhe-1A is developed by CAS and DIIC.
C. Tianhe-1A will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips.
D. NUDT has produced a most powerful supercomputer in China.
小题4:The underlined word “affiliated” can be replaced by_______.
A.cheap | B.suitable | C.expensive | D.modern |
As children grow, develop, and move into early adolescence, contacts with one"s peers and the attraction of peer identification (认同)increases. As pre-adolescents begin rapid physical, emotional and social changes, they begin to question adult standards and the need for parental guidance. They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves. By trying new things and testing their ideas with their peers, there is less fear of being laughed at.
There are two levels of peer pressure. The first is in the large group: for most teens a school or a youth group are examples. This is the situation that gets the most attention. The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded. The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement.
小题1:Why can’t some children follow their common sense?
A.Because they want to be liked by everybody. |
B.Because they don’t want to make fun of others. |
C.Because they are curious about their new friends. |
D.Because they think all the children will do the same. |
A.Parents | B.Teachers | C.Friends | D.Classmates |
A.unnoticed | B.mentioned | C.disagreed | D.avoided |
A.The reasons of peer pressure. |
B.The advantages of peer pressure. |
C.Peer pressure from close friends. |
D.Peer pressure from a youth group. |
Today, when a fire breaks out, you can be sure a citizen with a cell-phone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter, or sent it to the media. But up to now, that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most: police, firefighters and building-security people who must respond, and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes, if not seconds.
That"s about to change. A one-year old company called Elerts has developed a system that"s designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger. The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app(应用软件)is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public-safety warnings. And Elerts is offering a management console(控制台)for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions, like a map with the best evacuation route(疏散路线).
The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo, deputy fire chief in the coastal town of Hull, Mass. As mobile communications sped up, he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public, particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.
"Remembering situations when communications failed puts a pit in my stomach," Mr. Russo says. Last summer, he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy, who went into a bathhouse but didn"t come out. First responders feared an abduction (绑架) on the beach or shark attack. The child"s mother, who didn"t speak English well, was so sad that she couldn"t remember what color shorts he had on. Mr. Russo had no photo of the child, and no ability to turn to beachgoers.
Two long hours later, the boy was spotted by a low-flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break. "If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy, the happy ending might have come much sooner," Mr. Russo said.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A.A moving story of Chris Russo. | B.An app for reporting emergency. |
C.A cell-phone instant service. | D.An app for firm management. |
A.Makes me feel frustrated. | B.Causes a stomachache. |
C.Arouses my interest. | D.Leaves a hole in my stomach. |
A.have to carry out rescue work in minutes |
B.must send images and details immediately |
C.need images and detailed information badly |
D.have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details |
A.advertise his creativity in communication |
B.show readers the working principle of the new system |
C.make the passage more interesting to read |
D.inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service |
The machine works by drawing in damp air through a filter(过滤器) and over a cooling element which changes it into water droplets.It can produce up to 12 liters a day.The Water Mill will also produce more water when storms pass over, as the humidity(湿度)in the air increases.In keeping with its ecodevelopment,the machine uses the same amount of electricity as three light bulbs.
Inventor Jonathan Ritchey said:“The demand for water is off the chart.People are looking for freedom from water distribution systems that are shaky and unreliable”.
The machine,which is about 3 feet wide,is likely to cost£800 when it goes on sale here in the spring.Its maker, Canadian firm Element Four, estimates that a liter of water will cost around 20 pence to produce.
Environmentalists claim half the world’s population will face water shortage because of climate change by 2080.One in five humans is said to lack access to safe drinking water.
The Water Mill is not effective in areas with below about 30 percent relative humidity, but with average relative humidity in England of more than 70 percent that won’t be much of an issue here.
小题1:According to the author, the biggest advantage of the machine is its ______.
A.little power use | B.unlimited source | C.proper size | D.high production |
A.can be used everywhere |
B.has not been on sale |
C.will replace the water distribution system |
D.will solve the problem of water shortage |
A.record-breaking. | B.urgent. | C.unbelievable. | D.amazing. |
A.Microwave for Household Use | B.Filter to Draw in Damp Air |
C.Mode Dehumidifier on Sale | D.Machine to Make Water out of Air |
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