题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
An earthquake is caused by rocks moving underground. The surface of the earth is made up of about 20
huge plates. The plates are thousands of miles wide and many miles thick. Like turtles with their shells, they
carry oceans and continents right on their backs.
All the earth"s plates are constantly in motion, although they move very slowly, maybe an inch a year. They
push each other, trying to slip under or over each other, or to slide past one another. Earthquakes often happen
when two plates come together. Along the plates where the plates meet, there is a kind of crack in the earth"s
surface called a fault. The most famous fault in the United States is the San Andreas Fault, which runs 600 miles
through California and is more than 30 million years old.
An earthquake happens along a fault where two plates rub together while moving in different directions. The
earth shakes and shivers and vibrates like a rubber band that"s been snapped. Those vibrations are picked up by
an instrument which enables experts to figure out where the earthquake occurs and how strong it is. Scientists
measure an earthquake"s strength by what they have named the Richter Scale. The Scale runs from zero to nine,
with nine being the most powerful. Sometimes an earthquake occurs so far below the surface, we can hardly
feel it on top. Sometimes an earthquake is so strong that it has more power than a nuclear explosion. An
earthquake can last five seconds or up to ten minutes and create enough heat to melt any rock.
(Help: 1. plate n.板块 2. turtle n.海龟 3. shell n.壳 4. constantly adv.不断地 5. occur v.发生
6. rub v. 摩擦 7. vibrate v. 振动 8. figure out计算出 9. measure v. 测量 10. melt v. 熔化)
( )1. An earthquake is caused by rocks moving underground.
( )2. All the earth"s plates are constantly in motion, and they move very fast.
( )3. The most famous fault in the United States is the San Andreas Fault, which runs 600 miles through
California.
( )4. The Scale runs from zero to nine, with zero being the most powerful.
根据文章内容，回答下列问题。
5. When can an earthquake occur according to the passage?
____________________________________________________________________________
6. How strong can an earthquake sometimes be?
____________________________________________________________________________
7. What is your feeling if an earthquake occurs far below the surface of the earth?
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答案
5. An earthquake can occur when two plates come or rub together.
6. Sometimes an earthquake is so strong that it has more power than a nuclear explosion.
7. We can hardly feel it as it occurs.
(5, 6, 7答案不唯一)
核心考点
举一反三
earthquake. there is often a great noise first. Then the earth 2 terribly; many houses fall down. Railway
tracks break and trains go 3 lines; a great many factories are 4 ; thousands of deaths are caused, and
many more lose homes... 5 the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake itself, other disasters
such as fires often 6 . More buildings are destroyed and more 7 are caused.
It is well known of the 8 of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches
on earthquakes. More than 2,000 years ago, 9 , a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine
which could find out from which 10 the seismic (地震的) waves had come, and this machine is still 11
by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and 12 they happen, but we still cannot
tell exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot 13 it from happening. So earthquakes
are among the 14 disasters in the world.
No one can stop natural earthquakes. 15 , scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying whole cities
and causing too many deaths.
| ( )1. A. common ( )2. A. moves ( )3. A. off ( )4. A. burst ( )5. A. Except ( )6. A. follow ( )7. A. quakes ( )8. A. information ( )9. A. as a result ( )10. A. country ( )11. A. imported ( )12. A. where ( )13. A. make ( )14. A. worst ( )15. A. However | B. unusual B. shakes B. on B. hurt B. Besides B. copy B. deaths B. questions B. in fact B. directions B. repaired B. when B. prepare B. best B. But | C. strange C. jumps C. into C. destroyed C. Instead C. come C. difficulties C. dangers C. for example C. ways C. protected C. what C. stop C. most C. And | D. familiar D. breaks D. behind D. buried D. Because of D. enter D. results D. shock D. as well D. city D. used D. why D. let D. fast D. So |
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance (零用钱). The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly. The amount of money that parents give to children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance. In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money. At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done with a budget (预算). Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics. Many people who have written on the subject of allowance say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life. Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works. Allowances give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving it to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it. | |||
| 1. What is special about children"s learning financial management by experience? | |||
| A. They learn more quickly. B. They are not as likely to make-mistakes. C. Their mistakes won"t matter too much. D. They have plans made by their parents. | |||
| 2. When the writer says some young children will learn the hard way that..., he means ____. | |||
| A. they will know a budget is hard to carry out B. they will have a hard time learning the lesson C. what they will learn is absolutely true D. their parents will teach them a hard lesson | |||
| 3. Judging from the article, it is all right if a couple gives their son an allowance ____. | |||
| A. regularly twice every month B. whenever he has run out of money C. telling him to ask for permission before spending D. without telling him what to spend on | |||
| 4. The writer would agree to encourage the kids to ____ to deal with a tight budget. | |||
| A. borrow money from others B. ask their parents for more money C. get paid for their good exam results D. earn money by extra work at home | |||
| 5. When a kid donates some of his allowance to wild animal protection, he is ____. | |||
| A. sharing it with others B. giving it to a good cause C. buying things for himself D. saving for his future spending | |||
| 阅读表达。 | |||
| Some countries have a large number of earthquakes. Japan is one of them, while others do not have many, for example, there are few in Britain. There is often a great noise during an earthquake. The ground vibrates. Houses fall down. Railways are broken, which causes trains to run off. Sometimes thousands of people are killed in different ways. About 60,000 were killed in 1783 in the south of Italy. Some people say that earthquakes often happen near volcanoes (火山), but this is not true. The centres of some earthquakes are under the sea. The bottom of the sea suddenly moves. The powerful forces inside the earth break the rocks. The coast is shaken and great waves appear. These waves travel long distances and rush over the land when they reach it, breaking down houses and other buildings. Sometimes they break more buildings than ____. A terrible earthquake happened in Assam, India, in 1986. The land near Shillong suddenly moved l.5 feet to one side, and then back again. It continued to act like this 20 times a minute. Few buildings could stand what was happening and great stones flew four feet high into the air. What kind of buildings stays up best in an earthquake? The Americans studied carefully the results of the earthquake at San Francisco (1906) and believed it best for buildings to be made with concrete (水泥) walls together by steel frame. Such are the buildings that can"t burn or fall easily. | |||
| 1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within lo words.) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? These buildings are very strong and do not burn easily. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases. (Please answer within 10 words.) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What do you think may happen before an earthquake? (Please answer within 30 words.) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. _____________________________________________________________________________________ | |||
| 阅读表达。 | |||
| The research, which followed 200 students for four years, showed that women time and again outperformed (胜过) men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical (相同) a-level grades. An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that the trend continued at university. Fiona Smith who led the research said, "The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general." "It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay." The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors. Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered. In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to "other affairs" and "laziness", and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life. Generally, people think that women"s success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework. Dr. Smith said, "Most women feel that getting grades is the most important part of university life. They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated (控制) environment they will meet at work. Good grades are viewed as an "insurance policy" for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work." "This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education," he said. | |||
| 1. What is the main purpose of the research? (Please answer within 20 words.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Men would play rather than do academic work. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the following sentence. (Please answer within 20 words.) Most women think ____ in the competition against men. 4. From the passage, we can infer that compared with men, women ____. (Please answer within 10 words.) 5. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese. ________________________________________________________________________________ | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| Learning disabilities are disorders in the ways people understand or use language. They can affect the ability to listen or think, or to speak, or to read, or to write and do mathematics. A person with a learning disability has unusual difficulty in developing these skills. Researchers believe that learning disabilities are caused by differences in the way that the brain works with information. They say children with learning disabilities are not unintelligent or do not want to work. Their brains just process information differently than other people. Researchers say that one in five people in America has some kinds of learning disability. Almost three million children in America receive some kinds of help in school for a learning disability. How can you tell if someone has a learning disability? Experts look for a difference between how well a child does in school and the level of intelligence or ability of the child. But there is no sign of a disorder. A few signs of a learning disability include not connecting letters with their sounds or not understanding what is read. A person with a learning disability may not be able to understand a funny story. They may not follow directions. They may not read numbers correctly or know how to start a task Different people have different kinds of learning disabilities. Another may have difficulty understanding what people are saying. Still another may not be able to express ideas in writing. These different kinds of learning disabilities are known by different names. For example, a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia. Someone who cannot do mathematics may have a disorder called dyscalculia (计算困难). Experts say learning disabilities cannot be cured. But people who have them can be helped. Teachers and parents can help young people with learning disabilities to learn successfully. | |||
| 1. What does the passage mainly talk about? | |||
| A. Some kinds of help in school for a learning disability. B. How to cure learning disabilities. C. Causes of learning disabilities. D. Learning disabilities. | |||
| 2. It is believed that ____ is the main cause of learning disabilities. | |||
| A. different brain B. unintelligence C. not wanting to work D. the way the brain works with information | |||
| 3. People with learning disabilities may have no trouble ____. | |||
| A. understanding a funny story B. following directions C. dressing themselves D. reading numbers correctly | |||
| 4. The underlined word in the 4th paragraph probably means ____. | |||
| A. difficulty in seeing B. problem in reading C. trouble in listening D. brain disorder |