题目
题型：江苏期中题难度：来源：
you were to try to learn how to write Chinese characters, you would find that they are not nearly as
difficult as you may have imagined. And they certainly qualify as forming one of the most attractive,
beautiful, logical(合乎逻辑的), and scientifically constructed(构造) writing systems in the world. Each
stroke(笔画)has its own special significance. If you are familiar with the rules of Chinese characters, you
will find it very easy to remember even the most complicated looking character, and never miss a stroke.
The earliest known examples of Chinese written characters in their developed form are carved into
tortoise shells and ox bones. The majority of these characters are pictographs. Archaeologists of various
countries have learned that most early writing systems went through a pictographic stage, as did the
Egyptian hieroglyphics. Most writing systems, however, eventually developed a phonetic(表示语音的)
alphabet to represent the sounds of spoken language rather than visual images observed in the physical
world.
One notable feature of Chinese characters is the "radical." "Radical" in English means "root". For
example, the characters yu "language," shuo "talk," i "discuss," "opinion," and lun "discuss" all share the
yen radical, which means "language," and gives the reader a clue to the meaning of the character as a
whole. The characters hsiu "rotten," shan "cedar," " t"ao "peach," and lin "forest," all contain the mu
"wood" or "tree" radical, indicating one of their shared key characteristics. If you know the radical of a
character, you can usually get a general idea of the meaning of the character it is a part of. Although there
is a theoretical total of almost 50,000 written Chinese characters, only about 5,000 of these are frequently used; and the total number of radicals is only 214. So learning to read and write Chinese is not nearly so
formidable a task as it may at first seem.
B. as difficult as you may have imagined
C. difficult to remember
D. scientifically constructed
B. Some strokes are more important than others.
C. There are rules in forming the Chinese characters.
D. Some writing systems eventually developed a phonetic alphabet.
B. the strokes of the Chinese characters
C. pictographs
D. the radical of the Chinese characters
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 People often have the impression that Chinese characters are extremely】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, it"s hard
not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. "Most of the
infections(感染) we think of as human infections started in other animals, "says Stephen Morse, director
of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.
It"s not just that we"re going to where the animals are; we"re also bringing them closer to us. Popular
foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen"s pets, and
she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. "I don"t think it"s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them, "says Isaksen.
"Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need
changing," says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected
animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug(病毒) may
be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful(有害的).
Monkey-pox doesn"t look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disease from
person to person.
B. prevent us from being infected
C. enjoy being with children
D. suffer from monkey-pox
B. We need to study native animals.
C. They can"t live out of the rain forest.
D. We do not know much about them yet.
B. a clear warning
C. a dangerous animal
D. a morning call
B. may easily get infected by diseases from dogs
C. should not be allowed to have pets
D. should .stop buying pets from Africa
根据短文内容,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than
10,000 years ago. 1
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal
with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 2 So they are called
"diseases of civilization". Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such
diseases.
Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very
little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. 3 However, a change in food is one of the main differences
between life in ancient times and that of today.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones.
They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products,
and they made very little use of grains. 4 We eat six times more salt than our ancestors. We eat
more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
5 But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient
people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
A. Stone Age people lived a simple life.
B. But today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.
C. In that case, they would live much healthier.
D. Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.
E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.
F. People today probably don"t want to live like our ancestors.
G. Modern people used to suffer from "diseases of civilization".
reasons for violence at sports events．One is alcohol．Many fans drink a lot at games．When
people drink, they are more likely to do abnormal things．Psychologist Dennis Brock says,
"Quiet people become loud．Normally nonviolent people become destructive． "
David Sampson, a sports sociologist, says, "These are often celebratory riots- a large number
of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol．They don"t often seem dangerous
in the beginning, but things get violent quickly． "
Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd．When individuals are in a large
group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility．Edward Hirt, a social
Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never
do alone．People in crowds feel anonymous - no one knows who they are．Crowds also
make people feel powerful．They stop making personal decisions．They just follow the crowd．
Social psychologists call this a "mob mentality".
Dave Zarifis, head of public safety says, "Some people don"t even come to celebrate．They want
to drink hard and make trouble．Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there．You
get a mob mentality．People think it"s OK to do almost anything．They think, "There are so many
of us and not enough of them． "
Social psychologist Dr．Sharon Kennedy says that there are some things officials can do to prevent
violence．Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important．Officials should also think
of games as "big parties．" Then they will prepare differently．Kennedy says that in Great Britain they
are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums．"When you know someone is watching,
you are much less likely to behave badly． "
A. There"s a connection between violence and sports
B. One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol．
C. There are many reasons for violence at sports events．
D. David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion.
B. " It"s safe to do what many people are doing． "
C. "There are so many of us and not enough of them． "
D. " No one knows I"m doing this． "
A. how to turn games into big parties
B. why to install cameras in stadiums
C. how to prevent violence at sports events
D. how to avoid oneself behaving badly
B. Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet．
C. Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something．
D. Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there．
the results.
The rocket will be travelling for six months before it reaches the planet. It contains a number of
scientific instruments, including a television camera. Any picture that is taken will have to travel for three
minutes before they reach the earth. If the pictures are successful, they may solve a number of problems
about Mars and provide information about the markings on its surface which, nearly 100 years ago, the
astronomer (天文学家), Schiaparelli, thought to be canals.
It will be a long time before any landing on Mars can be tried. This will only be possible when scientis
ts have learned a lot more about the atmosphere that surrounds the planet. If a satellite can one day be put into orbit rou
nd Mars, scientists will be able to find out a great deal. An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been made. A rubber ball having a radio transmitter(无线电发报机) could be dropped from a satellite so that it would fall towards the surface of the planet. The radio would tell the rate(速度) at which the ball was slowed down and scientists would be able to calculate how dense the atmosphere is. It may even be possible to drop scientific instruments on to the planet"s surface. Only when a great deal more information has been got, will it be possible to plan a manned (载人的) trip
to Mars.
B. it will take the rocket half a year to reach Mars
C. Mars is 53 million miles away from the earth
D. scientists have well known about the surface of Mars
B. will prove what Schiaparelli thought about is false
C. will be received by the earth in three minutes" time
D. can help people do much less research work
B. the orbit round the planet
C. having little information
D. the markings on the planet"s surface
B. dropping another ball with scientific instruments on to the surface
C. putting down the ball towards the planet"s surface
D. measuring the speed at which the ball was falling
B. they have a lot more information
C. dense enough atmosphere is found around the planet
D. a reasonable suggestion has been made
watched more closely than eighteen-year-old Ted, as Ted"s insects were on board the shuttle.
The Shuttle Student Involvement Program invited students to make a science experiment. The
experiment would be done by astronauts on the space shuttle.
Ted had always been interested in space and flight. Insect flight especially interested him. Ted
noticed that insects need gravity to take off and land. They need gravity to fly in a straight line. But
in space, there is no gravity. Could insects fly in zero gravity? That is what Ted wanted to find out.
Ted made an experiment called "Insect in Flight Motion Study". He entered his experiment and
soon news came that it was a winner.
A large team of scientists and engineers helped Ted get his experiment ready to fly. There were
many questions to be answered first. What kind of insects would Ted use in his experiment? The
insects would have to be strong enough to live on the shuttle for nine days without much food. What
kind of container would hold the insects? Would the insects die during the shuttle flight?
After months of hard work, the "insectronauts" were chosen. A group of moths, flies, and
honeybees were put into a special box and put onto the space shuttle. When Columbia flew into
space, it was carrying insect passengers.
On March 24, astronauts Gordon Fullerton and Jack Lousma took out the box that held the
insects. They began filming the insects with a special video camera.
When the space shuttle landed Ted was able to watch the video film of insects. Just as he thought,
most of the insects did have trouble flying in zero gravity. The flies did well. But the moths" flight
seemed "uncontrolled". They would often just hang in the air. The bees had the most trouble. They
couldn"t fly at all! The film showed bees spinning around in all directions. Others were just floating
about in the box.
Ted learned the answer to his question about insects" flight in zero gravity. But he also learned
a lot more. He learned about the hard work needed in making a successful experiment.
B. Ted won a prize.
C. Ted"s experiment was accepted.
D. Ted won in a race.
B. Whether the insects could fly in a straight line.
C. Whether the insects could land after flying for a while.
D. Whether the insects could take off after resting for a while.
B. The honeybees.
C. The insects.
D. The moths.
B. Ted"s friend.
C. A large team of scientists and engineers.
D. Two astronauts on the space shuttle.
B. By studying a book written by the astronauts.
C. By going into space and watching the insects" flight himself.
D. By watching the video film made by the astronauts.
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