题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Some jobs were more 26 than others, and the children were eager to be given one of the best ones. And the teacher would 27 who had been most responsible during the previous year. Among them Rita 28 . During the previous year she had followed all the teacher’s 29 perfectly.
But that year there was a big 30 . Each child received one of the normal 31 , like cleaning the blackboard. But Rita’s job was very 32 . She was given a little box containing some sand and one ant. And even though the teacher 33 that this ant was a very special ant, it 34 Rita. Most of her classmates felt sorry for her and even her father 35 Rita to ignore it. 36 , Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by making the unimportant task into a special job.
“ I will turn this little task into 37 great,” Rita said to herself.
So Rita started 38 her little ant. She gave the ant the best food, and it grew bigger than anyone had expected…
One day, the teacher 39 a man to the students and said he would tell them a 40 piece of news. The man said, “ Today they have announced the winner of the 41 , and this class is the winner! This class has been chosen to accompany me on a 42 to the tropical rainforest to investigate all kinds of insects. 43 all the schools of this region, it is this one that has best 44 for the little ant given to you. Well done!”
That day the class was filled with joy. Everyone 45 Rita and thanked the teacher. And many children learnt that to be given the most important tasks you have to know how to be responsible for even the smallest tasks.
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:C
小题6:A
小题7:A
小题8:B
小题9:D
小题10:C
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:B
小题14:A
小题15:C
小题16:A
小题17:A
小题18:D
小题19:C
小题20:B
解析
小题1:考查形容词。结合下文the children were eager to be given one of the best ones可知“工作jobs”在孩子们眼中有好差之分，那也就是说在孩子们看来， 一些工作比另些要“有趣”。
小题2:考查动词。在分配工作，老师要考虑（consider）在过去的一年中谁是最负责的学生。
小题3:考查动词短语。在这些最负责的学生中Rita最为突出（stand out）。
小题4:考查名词。服从遵守老师的指导（instructions）。
小题5:考查名词。其他孩子得到是正常的任务normal tasks，与此构成转折，那Rita得到应是不同寻常的任务。是人们意想不到的，是与其他人的任务不同的。
小题6:考查名词。见30解析。
小题7:考查形容词。见30解析。
小题8:考查动词。根据后面的a very special ant可知，老师在此应是“强调，一再说（insist）”。
小题9:考查动词。结合下文the unimportant task可知， 照看一只蚂蚁使Rita很失望（disappoint）。
小题10:考查动词。encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事。
小题11:考查副词。此题前后之间的意义是转折关系。
小题12:考查代词。“我要把这个小任务变成大事情（something）。”
小题13:考查动词。结合下文on a 42 to the tropical rainforest to investigate all kinds of insects可知Rita不只喂养the ant而且还研究study它。
小题14:考查动词。introduce sb to sb把某人介绍给某人。
小题15:考查形容词。结合this class is the winner!可知是好消息。
小题16:考查名词。四个选项中只有competition可能有获胜者winner。
小题17:考查名词。on a journry to去……旅行。
小题18:考查介词。引出后面最高级best的范围，用of或among+复数名词。
小题19:考查动词。care for照顾。
小题20:考查动词。congratulate sb祝贺某人。获胜者其实是应该是Rita，所以同学们她。
核心考点
试题【During the first week of the term, every student was given a job for which they 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Previous research had suggested that very young babies can tell when the number of objects (物体) in a group has changed. But the babies in these studies were simply reacting generally to the fact that something had changed, they suspected.
Researchers of Harvard University studied 36 babies, all three months old. During the tests, each baby wore a hat with sensors (传感器). The babies watched a series of images on a computer screen. They showed the same object, such as a cartoon character. For a while, the number of the objects in the pictures didn’t change. Then the images began to display a different object, or a different number of one of the objects the babies had previously looked at. As soon as something changed, the babies’ brains responded with a specific pattern of electrical signals, which would be recorded by sensors.
By analyzing these signals, the researchers discovered that one part of the brain (near the top on the left side) responded when the object in the image changed. A different part of the brain (lower and on the right side) responded when the number of objects in the image changed. This was not the area of the brain that is involved in attention. That suggests that the babies’ brains are doing more than just reacting to a change in what they’re seeing – they actually seem to be able to tell number changes from other types of changes.
Numbers and amounts are important concepts in our lives. Even though babies are years away from adding, subtracting (减), multiplying, and dividing, their brains seem to be preparing for a time when they finally will.
小题1:Why were hats with sensors used in the study?
| A．To record the images on the computer screen. |
| B．To remind babies of the changes of numbers. |
| C．To record the electrical activity of each baby’s brain. |
| D．To help babies concentrate on the computer screen. |
| A．Babies involved in the study. |
| B．Sensors worn by the babies. |
| C．Numbers marked on the objects. |
| D．Images shown on the computer screen. |
| A．The top. |
| B．The left side. |
| C．The lower and the right side. |
| D．The upper and the left side. |
| A．babies are in fact cleverer than they are thought |
| B．it is impossible to understand human brain completely |
| C．numbers play the most important part in people’s lives |
| D．the ability of babies remain a mystery to scientists |
| A．math skills should be developed as early as possible |
| B．numbers are easier for babies to judge than images |
| C．babies really do have some sense of numbers |
| D．babies can react differently to what they see |
They are therefore never able to fully explore the deep inside areas of our oceans. However, if French architect Jacques Rougerie has his way, that will change soon.
Jacques has designed a ship that will allow researchers to spend a long period of time observing the sea life and conducting experiments. The huge l67ft. ship, named ‘Sea Orbiter’, consists of two areas—one above the water where the scientists and crew will live, and a lower pressurized deck (甲板), where scientists will be able to spend as much time as they wish. Since it is powered by sea currents and wind, he expects it to drift (漂流) along the oceans slowly, taking about two years to circumvent the globe.
Jacques will make their life as comfortable as possible in the ship. Besides being equipped with the latest sailing tools and communication equipment, the ship will also have a gym, a television and a DVD player! And these guys will not be eating freeze-dried food like astronauts. Instead, Jacques, an accomplished chef, plans on cooking them delicious meals every day.
The biggest problem to this giant ship is the cost, which is expected to be over $500 million—per ship! However, Jacques, who strongly believes that the secrets of our oceans may be the key to solving global warming and a vital supply for food and medicine in the future, is confident he will be able to convince governments all over the world to help out, and expects to start construction on not one, but four or five of these amazing ships soon!
小题1:Why can’t ocean researchers explore the deep oceans for a long time?
| A．Because they can’t stand the high water pressure. |
| B．Because it’s too cold in deep ocean. |
| C．Because time for experiments is too limited. |
| D．Because it’s dangerous to observe the sea life. |
| A．fly away | B．go around | C．travel through | D．move into |
| A．Jacques intends to design the ship mainly for sightseeing and traveling |
| B．living a comfortable life helps to do the ocean research quickly |
| C．it’s much more expensive to eat freeze-dried food |
| D．researchers on Jacques ’ ship will live more comfortably than astronauts |
| A．To find supply for food in the future. |
| B．To find supply for medicine in the future. |
| C．To draw governments’ attention to the construction of the ship. |
| D．To solve the global warming. |
| A．Sea Orbiter—the ship of the future |
| B．A new way to explore the deep oceans |
| C．A great architect—Jacques Rogerie |
| D．Travel around the globe in Sea Orbiter |
It turns out that roots have special hairs that tie them into the soil and help them grow their way past obstacles, a team at the John Inners Center in Norwich reports in the February 29 issue of Journal Science.
“The key is in the fuzzy(有绒毛的)coat of hairs on the roots of plants,” says professor Liam Dolan. “We have found a growth control system that enables these hairs to find their way and to become longer when their path is clear.”
Root hairs explore the soil in much the same way a person would feel their way in the dark. If they come across an obstacle, they make their way around until they can continue growing in an opening. In the meantime, the plant is held in place as the hairs grip(紧紧抓住)the soil.
The hairs are guided by a clever chemical trick. A protein(蛋白质) at the tip of the root hairs called RHD2 helps them to take calcium(钙) from the soil. Calcium makes the hairs grow, and produce more RHD2, and take more calcium.
But when an obstacle blocks the hair’s path, or the hair reaches the surface of the soil, the cycle is broken and growth starts in another direction.
This system gives plants the flexibility to explore a complex environment and to live in even the most unpromising soils, says Dolan.
In poor soils such as in parts of Australia and Africa, native plants have adapted by producing enormous numbers of root hairs. A better understanding of this adaptation will allow scientists to develop hairy rooted crops that can grow in unfriendly environments.
According to Dolan, “Research in the John Inners Center is taking a breeding approach to increase hair length in wheat but it will be some time before new cultivars(栽培变种) are developed.”
小题1:The passage is mainly about _______.
| A．why the roots of plants grow into the soil but not above it |
| B．how the roots of plants grow into the soil but not above it |
| C．the process of plants growth |
| D．a growth control system of plants |
| A．RHD2 takes calcium from the soil, which makes hairs grow, and produce RHD2 and take more calcium |
| B．Roots take RHD2 and calcium from the soil and produce RHD2 |
| C．Roots make hairs grow, and produce RHD2, and take more calcium |
| D．RHD2 takes protein, which makes hairs grow, and produce RHD2, and take more calcium |
| A．hairy rooted crops can grow better in unfriendly environments |
| B．a new cultivar of wheat with long hair has been developed by scientists |
| C．a new cultivar of wheat with long hair is still on test |
| D．the roots of plants always know which way to grow |
“I’ll be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast.
“And you’ll be sorry that you knew me,” George would reply “because I’ll surely be the best lawyer in our town!”
After graduation, George never became a lawyer and Richard was anybody but a millionaire …. Instead, it happened that both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street, while it was hard to make much money from books then, which made the competition between them worse. Eventually, Richard closed down his, dreaming of making a fortune elsewhere.
Now, with only one bookshop in the town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in his narrow old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his former rival (竞争对手)。Perhaps he missed him?
George was very interested in old dictionaries, and he had recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was quite delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonished — the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading: “Bookends Company has bought ten bookstores from its competitors. The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in this country.”
小题1:George and Richard were at school.
| A．roommates | B．good friends | C．competitors | D．booksellers |
| A．He envied Richard’s good fortune very much. |
| B．He thought about Richard from time to time. |
| C．He felt unlucky with no more rival in the town. |
| D．He was unhappy of Richard’s disappearance. |
| A．a dictionary collector in Australia |
| B．one of Richard’s competitors |
| C．some rare edition of a dictionary |
| D．the wrapping paper of a book |
| A．Both George and Richard became millionaires by selling books. |
| B．Both of them realized their original ambitions, which were the same. |
| C．George established a successful business while Richard was missing. |
| D．Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success. |
Plants can also discover volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insets, for instance, may give off these chemicals in order to let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off their chemicals to keep the bugs away —— or even chemicals that will attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor (传感器) called an “electronic nose”. The “e-nose” can tell such compounds as plants make. When plants are attacked, scientists say, the e-nose could help quickly decide whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today, the only way to spot such insects is to inspect individual plants by observing them. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, including those that can house thousands of plants. The research team is working with an e-nose that can recognize volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds based on the interactions (相互作用), and then the e-nose will give off electronic signals that the scientists can analyze by using computer software.
To test the e-nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all being common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of the air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged either by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).
The e-nose, it turns out, can identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage —— by insects or with a hole punch —— had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning (微调), a device like the e-nose can one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this can also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, India, who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device can bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
小题1:We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by ______.
| A．making some sounds |
| B．waving their leaves |
| C．producing some chemicals |
| D．sending out electronic signals |
| A．They fixed 13 sensors inside the device. |
| B．They presented it with all common crops. |
| C．They collected different damaged leaves. |
| D．They do tests on damaged and healthy leaves. |
| A．pick out ripe fruits quite expertly |
| B．spot the insects in a very quick way |
| C．tell different damages to leaves |
| D．recognize unhealthy tomato leaves |
| A．is unable to tell the smell of flowers |
| B．is not yet tested in greenhouses |
| C．is designed by scientists at Purdue |
| D．is helpful in killing harmful insects |
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